CNC Driver Board Multi Axis
CNC Driver Board Multi Axis
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Image Notes 1. Parts!!!! 2. Yes....I got 3 boards. Just incase I messed up one :)
Image Notes 1. Helping hand. Best thing I every bought for soldering.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
File Downloads
parts list.xls (29 KB) [NOTE: When saving, if you see .tmp as the file ext, rename it to 'parts list.xls']
Image Notes 1. Helping hand. Best thing I every bought for soldering.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Image Notes 1. This is where the Voltage regulator goes. (Thanks Woodspinner) 2. These are the Mosfets 3. Parallel port 4. This is where you would attach the spindel relay (the relay that would turn on and off the drill/router/mill/ dremel/etc...)
File Downloads
Top.pdf ((612x792) 28 KB) [NOTE: When saving, if you see .tmp as the file ext, rename it to 'Top.pdf']
Overlay.pdf ((612x792) 9 KB) [NOTE: When saving, if you see .tmp as the file ext, rename it to 'Overlay.pdf']
Bottom.pdf ((612x792) 30 KB) [NOTE: When saving, if you see .tmp as the file ext, rename it to 'Bottom.pdf']
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Image Notes 1. C7 2. Zener Diode 3. 1k resistor 4. IC BCD Up/Down Counter 16-DIP 5. IC Decoder CMOS BCD-DEC 16-DIP 6. Mosfets 7. .1 mf capacitor 8. .1 mf capacitor 9. .1 mf capacitor 10. Diodes 11. Diodes 12. diodes 13. 100k resistor 14. 100k resistor 15. 100k resistor 16. 25 dip male connector (Parallel port connector, male) 17. Notice that the capacitor is polarized. Make sure that the negetive lead is facing up (or towards this comment)
Image Notes 1. Light bulb 2. motor connections 3. Jumpers 4. zener diode 5. mosfets
Image Notes 1. Supposed to be 4516 2. Supposed to be 4028 3. Courtesy of Woodspinner 4. These are really helpful
File Downloads
Schematic.pdf ((612x792) 37 KB) [NOTE: When saving, if you see .tmp as the file ext, rename it to 'Schematic.pdf']
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Step 4: Done!!!
Well....almost. now attach the motors according to the manufactures diagram..and the one that I have attached (previous page). The coils attach in a certain way, and if they are attached wrong then the motor won't run. The motor attaches in this order (From left, looking at the front) Top = Common coil A-, B-, A, B OR A, B, A-, BThe A, and A- are the same coil, and same with the B, and B-. You can look at the diagram of Unipolar motors that I have posted (ignore the colors), but the manufacturer should tell you which wire is which. If you would like to test it.....look at Tom's instructable....his testing procedure is amazing! I hope that I was able to help you make your amazing CNC controller (and hopefully, CNC) Good luck!
Image Notes 1. Put it in a nice box. Makes it look really professional :) 2. Motor connectors 3. Limit switch connectors 4. Power connector
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Image Notes 1. Our Motor. Just....if you have 5 wires, the 5 and 2 are connected (also...connect the 5 and 2, or common, if you have 6 wires). 4 is A, 6 is A- , 3 is B, 1 is B2. IGNORE COLORS!!!!
Related Instructables
Easy to build CNC Mill Stepper Motor and Driver circuits by Tom McWire
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
Comments
50 comments Add Comment view all 121 comments
kizzap says:
I'm not completely certain, but I think R1 is in the wrong place...and that the Zener diode is facing the wrong direction...
where R1 is, should actually be a capacitor, possibly another 0.1uF (no idea really) this is because R1 goes from the positive supply, through the resistor, to the center pin of the spot for the voltage regulator, which is then connected to ground (which isn't correctly shown in the image).
zopatch says:
you are right
nuwan111 says:
thank u very much sir ,my controller board & software is work fine,(sorry for my bad english)
No1Daemon says:
Hi all
I wasn't paying due attention when I built this circuit and I have soldered the end of the diodes to the part of the board where the stepper motor wires go. The diodes are supposed to be soldered directly next to them. I can't see it will change anything but can anyone see a problem with soldering the stepper motor wires next to the diodes? I have marked the 2 positions I am referring to under the mosfets. Thanks Steve
No1Daemon says:
Jan 26, 2011. 2:02 PM REPLY For anyone else who tends to ask first and google second. The LM7805 is easy to install. Holding it with the metal tab away from you the left hand pin is the input and they go input, ground, output from left to right. So the input pin goes closest to the motors.
woodspinner says:
Jan 22, 2011. 2:56 PM REPLY I'd think, no difference, You could desolder the diodes and move them for the sake of appearance but that sounds like an unnecessary hassle. John
No1Daemon says:
Which way round does the LM7805/LM7806 go? Is it so the tab is on the same side as the mosfets? Also, do you need to remove the resistor and zener to add it or just leave them in.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
woodspinner says:
and yes, if you use the lm7806/5 remove the resistor and zener
woodspinner says:
Jan 22, 2011. 5:11 PM REPLY sorry, I have no idea, I never actually mounted it on the board. My circuit was breadboarded and I just went by the wiring diagram on the package, but you could trace it out for yourself. John
No1Daemon says:
Jan 22, 2011. 3:00 PM REPLY Thanks. I will give it a test and see. I can't see circuit wise why it would matter, in fact now I look closely some of the diodes are on that side anyway in the middle of the board. Jan 17, 2011. 5:39 PM REPLY
woodspinner says:
A salute to tom mcwire and his article for getting me going in cnc routers.
samr37l says:
Ohh.....and I second that :)
samr37l says:
Is that your stuff?! ITS AMAZING!!!!!!! Sam
woodspinner says:
Jan 17, 2011. 8:05 PM REPLY yes, its a couple puzzles I made and a lithophane made from a plastic sign board sheet, I've made tons of stuff but those are my favorites so far John
caleb.mayfield says:
Jan 9, 2011. 6:34 PM REPLY I was able to locate 3 older identical thermal printers that each have a nice NEMA 23 stepper motor from Superior Electric. They are labeled as being in the SLO-SYN Motor group. The label reads as follows: STEPPING MOTOR Type M061-LE-539 1.5 VDC 3.8 AMPS 200 STEPS/REV Connect per 101029 2H3279 REV. C Can anyone tell me anything more about this motor? The only documentation I can find that comes close to this motor is HERE and HERE . My biggest questions is that most people seem to be hooking up at least 12 volts to their board. This motor says only 1.5 VDC and 3.8 AMPS, what does that mean? Can I only put 1.5 volts to the board supply? Will I burn up the motor putting higher voltage to it? Could I change my board layout and run 6 volts in and use a voltage regulator for the motor lines to drop it to 1.5 volts instead of 12 volts in and dropping it to 6 volts for the chips? Any help is greatly appreciated.
woodspinner says:
you can use higher voltage but must limit amperage to 3.8amps.
caleb.mayfield says:
And that is done with a P=IV calculation and the correct light bulb?
woodspinner says:
its this simple, if you run 12 volts, * 3.8amps=45.6 watts, remember to err on the side of caution.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
caleb.mayfield says:
Although, if I want to run it on 12 volts shouldn't I use a balanced equation like this: P=(3.8A)(1.5V) = (xA)(12V) = 0.475 A @ 12V?
I ask because I built an arc welder and the transformer windings function in this manner. I can only get X many watts out, but the current and voltage can be manipulated to produce the desired result. My thought is that I should keep that wattage running through it the same, but I would sacrifice power for speed by increasing the voltage. Am I off track with that theory?
woodspinner says:
Jan 11, 2011. 1:08 PM REPLY es, I think your off track, the windings will accept 3.8 amps at whatever voltage, I'm not sure why they rate them at that specific voltage except to say that optimum voltage usually runs between 20-30 times rated voltage, and, if you were to run them at 1.5v then you wouldnt need to concern yourself with bulbs as at that voltage thats all the power they would pull. (they would be dogs tho) the whole point of increasing the voltage is the ability to increase the speed without sacrificing power, my 1.2 amp motors run at 36volts now but at 1.1 amp(err on the side of safety) and I'm getting a lot more power out of them. John
caleb.mayfield says:
Jan 10, 2011. 8:05 PM REPLY I thought that might be the case so I crunched the numbers and came to the conclusion of going with 40 watts to allow for variations. Thank you for your help. I am checking my schematic now and plan to etch my board tonight!
caleb.mayfield says:
and it is an 8 wire lead motor.
howim says:
Jan 9, 2011. 2:10 AM REPLY hello guyz, i am sorry that i am asking this question again on this post, but "guyz what is the maximum RPM that you guyz get from this driver?"( OR what is the maximum pules per min?") mine is only going at 95RPM( my motor is 13Kg/Cm 6 wire unipolar , 200 steps per R) plz reply my comment. thankx for reading. PLZ ANSWER.
woodspinner says:
I was getting 720 rpm at 24 volts. what bulbs are you using?
caleb.mayfield says:
Jan 3, 2011. 1:41 PM REPLY I am working on building this board and hope to etch it this weekend, but I am having some difficulty in understanding a couple things. It's been a few years since I took my Fundamentals of Circuits course and I was hoping for a little direction. 1) Why is the 1k Resistor in position C6 and creating a ling from + to -? Is it to supply a voltage connection to C7 and the Zener without generating a dead short, hence the 1W rating? 2) What exactly do you mean by voltage regulator? Part number from Newark, Digi-Key, or Mouser so I can see the spec sheet? Thanks!
woodspinner says:
I dont know the digikey or mouser part number but an lm7806 would do the job and here is the data sheet http://www.datasheetcatalog.com/datasheets_pdf/L/M/7/8/LM7806.shtml not sure about the resistor but I do know you have to change the values if you want to go over 12 volts. John ps, if you go with the regulator, omit the zenier and resistor
caleb.mayfield says:
Thanks for the direction!
Jan 9, 2011. 12:32 AM REPLY Thanks! I understand that part of the circuit a lot better now. I do much better with pictures and diagrams like the component data sheets.
howim says:
Jan 8, 2011. 8:58 PM REPLY hello guyz, i am sorry that i am asking this question again on this post, but "guyz what is the maximum RPM that you guyz get from this driver?"( OR what is the maximum pules per min?") plz reply my comment. thankx for reading.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
axlrus says:
Driver working good with Kcam, 6wire steppers 0.4a, thanks.
samr37l says:
NIce!!! I'm always happy when it works out for someone :) Sam R.
howim says:
Dec 10, 2010. 10:54 PM REPLY Hey SAM R., this controller works fine but my stepper motor cant go more then 70RPM , i mean if i try to speed it up more then 70rpm then it starts miss stepping . can you plz tell me why is i am having this problem? my motor = 13.5Kg/cm 6 wire unipolar . and i am running that motor at 16V 5.4Amp. plz help
jomac_uk says:
Have you tried connecting the motor in "half coil" configuration?
6 coil motors tend to be very fussy compared to 4 coil motors, and the voltage can also affect performance as well, ive included a link to a site which should give you some good advice in solving your problems. http://pminmo.com/six-wire-motors
woodspinner says:
what do you use in the way of light bulbs?
samr37l says:
Dec 11, 2010. 6:00 AM REPLY Hey howim, I'm sorry, but with that info, I can't really tell you why that is happening. Most people have been able to get the motors spinning pretty quickly. Can your motors go above 70rpm? Motors are usually rated for different speeds. Another issue could be that your running to many volts into your motor, that can also make the motor miss steps. Sam R.
axlrus says:
one question, i cant find exact mosfet, my motor is 12v 0.44a, can i use some diferent mosfet?
petya16 says:
Dec 9, 2010. 1:12 PM REPLY Hy! I have a question. I need to connect the limit switches to the positive voltage, and their other sides to the X,Y, and Z pin on the paralell port? Or need to connect to the ground? Thank you. Bye. P.M.: I write from hungary, and i dont speak on english very well.
samr37l says:
Dec 24, 2010. 7:38 AM REPLY Hey, sorry for the late reply. The limit switches either plug into positive with a 10k pull down resistor, or they plug into negative with a 10k pull up resistor. Then in Kcam set the limit switches to either "positive" or "negative" depending on whether your switches send a high output when their pressed, or a low output when their pressed. Sam
woodspinner says:
Dec 23, 2010. 6:09 PM REPLY I'm posting this pic showing where to put the voltage regulator on the main circuit board. I couldnt figure out how to show one in a private message.
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
zelalem says:
Dec 21, 2010. 1:03 AM REPLY Hi samr37l, Thanks for the clarification posted by you about this cnc project. It was a big help really as the original by Tom was a bit difficult . Specially placing the componentson the pcb. And also i have noticed that on Tom's instructable there was a line that wes connected to the negative around the 1k resistor,you have corrected it.Thanks.I have a problem with making the motor run. It makes a humming sound but it never moves. And also the kCam program ,when i open the CNC controls window and try the increment of the steps just as Tom has suggested on his video the numbers don't increase. Out of the wires ,the ones for the stepper , only one seems to have charge. Is the problem my circuitery or the connection for the motor or is it the KCam program . Please advise me ,it is getting frustrating. Thanks all
samr37l says:
Dec 21, 2010. 7:55 AM REPLY Hey! Yah, I had the same problem....but I figured that it was the computer, so I changed to an older version of windows XP and it worked. Don't know what in the newer version causes KCam to not work, but it might have to do something with how the parallel port is installed. If you do happen to figure it out, can you send me an email? I'll have some time next week to work on the instructable, so I can add it in. Thanks, Sam
howim says:
Dec 9, 2010. 1:27 AM REPLY Hey Guyz , what is the maximum V and Amp value of the controller? i mean what is the maximum limit of this controller? plz reply fast...its urgent
samr37l says:
Dec 9, 2010. 11:42 AM REPLY The Max Volts and amps are whatever your components are rated for. Your probably shouldn't go above 24-30ish volts, and the amps are pretty much whatever your motors pull, buy mosfets that are rated for that. Sam R. Nov 22, 2010. 10:28 PM REPLY
howim says:
hey guyz, i am having a small problem...
i maded up this controller . it works totally fine on old pcs (older computers of my friends) , but it does not wokr with my new PC. i tested my parallel port. it works fine too. if i connect LEDs to parallel port and run Kcam then leds shows that parallel port is working fine. but my controller is not working with it.....so can anyone tell me why? my pc= Intel DG41WV MoBo core 2 deo 7500 4 gb ddr3 nvidia geforce 210 1GB 500 GB HDD Win 7 , XP sp2, Ubuntu. i tested with win7 and xp.but it doesn't wokr............... plz plz plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz HELP
howim says:
Nov 24, 2010. 4:37 AM REPLY i found the problem.. === when i connect the Earth to negative of the controller then it works 90%fine (if gives miss stepping some times) ... so guyz plz tell me what to do now?....plz help...............
woodspinner says:
Dec 1, 2010. 4:26 PM REPLY You probably need to experiment with acceleration rates and max velocities til you get it tuned well, also check to see how hot your motors get, if they get real hot, maybe use a smaller bulb, if they run cool or barely warm they could probably stand a little larger bulb. Have fun with it. Nov 18, 2010. 8:38 AM REPLY
howim says:
i am taking my words back.. .""this controller does not work well....guyz think 1000 time before making it by your self..."""" but now i found that this controller works really well if you make it like this = http://www.instructables.com/id/Hobby-cnc/ thankx every one...
howim says:
this controller does not work well....guyz think 1000 time before making it by your self...
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/
howim says:
i am taking my words back.. .""this controller does not work well....guyz think 1000 time before making it by your self..."""" but now i found that this controller works really well if you make it like this = http://www.instructables.com/id/Hobby-cnc/ thankx every one...
http://www.instructables.com/id/CNC-Driver-Board-Multi-axis/