CENTER FOR MANAGEMENT STUDIES GANPAT UNIVERSITY, ADALAJ

Mobile Killing privacy

[Master of business Administration]
[Financial Services,Semester-1]
[2011]

Submitted to: Prof.NUPUR SHARMA Prof.NIKI SANGHAVI

Prepared by: Chintan Patel [3] Hardik Patel [5] Nilesh Patel [6] Abhinav Sisaudiya [11]

PREFACE

As a part of curriculum of MBA-FS Semester 1 student of GANPAT UNIVERSITY is required to select the topic for mobile killing privacy and thereby analyze the organization in every aspect through research and analysis. The information required to make this project has been collected through sources like our friends, family and business groups which has been used for academic purpose only. Our project is on mobile killing privacy. This project include all the necessary topic of subject the project does include the hole information about serve of hows people think about mobile privacy.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction and joy that accompanies the successful completion of a task is incomplete without mentioning the name of the person who extended his helped support in making it a success. We are greatly in debited to Prof.NUPUR SHARMA our Project Guide and Mentor for devoting her valuable time and efforts towards my report. We thank her for being a constant source of knowledge, inspiration and help during this period of making project. Our Report is on Mobile Killing Privacy. This Project includes all the necessary topics of the subject.

SR NO.

PARTICULARS PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

PAGE NO.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

INTRODUCTION HISTORY BEFORE CELLULAR NETWORKS FEATURES USAGES MOBILE PHONE IN SOCITY RESTRICATION ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ANALYSIS OF SERVE CONCLUSION

4 5 7 9 14 16 19 21 23 32

INTRODUCTION

A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell phone and a hand phone) allows calls into the public switched telephone system over a radio link. Early mobile phones were usually bulky and permanently installed in vehicles; they provided limited service because only a few frequencies were available for a geographic area. Modern mobile phones make use of the cellular network concept, where frequencies are re-used repeatedly within a city area, allowing many more users to share access to the radio bandwidth. A mobile phone allows calls to be placed over a wide geographic area; generally the user is a subscriber to the phone service and does not own the base station. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the range of a single, private base station. A mobile phone can make and receive telephone calls to and from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed-line phones across the world. It does this by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile network operator. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that offer these more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones.

HISTORY

The first hand-held mobile phone was demonstrated by Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing 2 1/2 lbs. (about 1 kg). In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first to be commercially available. In the twenty years from 1990 to 2010, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 4.6 billion, penetrating the developing economies and reaching the bottom of the economic pyramid.

Radiophones have a long and varied history going back to Reginald Fessenden's invention and shore-to-ship demonstration of radio telephony, through the Second World War with military use of radio telephone links and civil services in the 1950s.

The first mobile telephone call made from a car occurred in St. Louis, Missouri, USA on June 17, 1946, using the Bell System's Mobile Telephone Service. The equipment weighed 80 pounds (36 kg), and the AT&T service, basically a massive party line, cost US$30 per month (equal to $337.33 today) plus 3040 cents per local call, equal to $3.37 to $4.5 today.

In 1956, the worlds first partly automatic car phone system, Mobile System A (MTA), was launched in Sweden. MTA phones were composed of vacuum tubes and relays, and had a weight of 40 kg. In 1962, a more modern version called Mobile System B (MTB) was launched, which was a push-button telephone, and which used transistors to enhance the telephones calling capacity and improve its operational reliability, thereby reducing the weight of the apparatus to 10 kg. In 1971, the MTD version was launched, opening for several different brands of equipment and gaining commercial success.

Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive is considered to be the inventor of the first practical mobile phone for handheld use in a non-vehicle setting, after a long race against Bell Labs for the first portable mobile phone. Using a modern, if somewhat heavy portable handset. Cooper made the first call on a hand held mobile phone on April 3, 1973 to his rival, Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.

The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G) was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979, initially in the metropolitan area of Tokyo. Within five years, the NTT network had been expanded to cover the whole population of Japan and became the first nationwide 1G network. In 1981, this was followed by the simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. NMT was the first mobile phone network featuring international roaming. The first 1G network launched in the USA was Chicago-based Ameritech in 1983 using the Motorola DynaTAC mobile phone. Several countries then followed in the early-tomid 1980s including the UK, Mexico and Canada. The first "modern" network technology on digital 2G (second generation) cellular technology was launched by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Group) in 1991 in Finland on the GSM standard, which also marked the introduction of competition in mobile telecoms when Radiolinja challenged incumbent Telecom Finland (now part of TeliaSonera) who ran a 1G NMT network. In 2001, the launch of 3G (Third Generation) was again in Japan by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard. One of the newest 3G technologies to be implemented is HighSpeed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). It is an enhanced 3G (third generation) mobile telephony communications protocol in the high-speed packet access (HSPA) family, also coined 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G, which allows networks based on Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity.

BEFORE CELLULAR NETWORKS

Mobile radio telephone systems preceded modern cellular mobile telephony technology. Since they were the predecessors of the first generation of cellular telephones, these systems are sometimes retroactively referred to as pre cellular (or sometimes zero generation) systems. Technologies used in pre cellular systems included the Push to Talk (PTT or manual), Mobile Telephone System (MTS), Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), and Advanced Mobile Telephone System (AMTS) systems. These early mobile telephone systems can be distinguished from earlier closed radiotelephone systems in that they were available as a commercial service that was part of the public switched telephone network, with their own telephone numbers, rather than part of a closed network such as a police radio or taxi dispatch system. These mobile telephones were usually mounted in cars or trucks, though briefcase models were also made. Typically, the transceiver (transmitter-receiver) was mounted in the vehicle trunk and attached to the "head" (dial, display, and handset) mounted near the driver seat. They were sold through WCCs (Wire line Common Carriers, AKA telephone companies), RCCs (Radio Common Carriers), and two-way radio dealers.

Radio Common Carrier: Parallel to Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS) in the US until the rollout of cellular AMPS systems, a competing mobile telephone technology was called Radio Common Carrier or RCC. The service was provided from the 1960s until the 1980s when cellular AMPS systems made RCC equipment obsolete. These systems operated in a regulated environment in competition with the Bell System's MTS and IMTS. RCCs handled telephone calls and were operated by private companies and individuals. Some systems were designed to allow customers of adjacent RCCs to use their facilities but the universe of RCCs did not comply with any single interoperable technical standard (a capability called roaming in modern systems). For example, the phone of an Omaha, Nebraskabased RCC service would not be likely to work in Phoenix, Arizona. At the end of RCC's existence, industry associations were
7

working on a technical standard that would potentially have allowed roaming, and some mobile users had multiple decoders to enable operation with more than one of the common signaling formats (600/1500, 2805, and Reach). Manual operation was often a fallback for RCC roamers. Roaming was not encouraged, in part, because there was no centralized industry billing database for RCCs. Signaling formats were not standardized. For example, some systems used two-tone sequential paging to alert a mobile or hand-held that a wired phone was trying to call them. Other systems used DTMF. Some used a system called Secede 2805 which transmitted an interrupted 2805 Hz tone (in a manner similar to IMTS signaling) to alert mobiles of an offered call. Some radio equipment used with RCC systems was half-duplex, push-to-talk equipment such as Motorola hand-held or RCA 700-series conventional two-way radios. Other vehicular equipment had telephone handsets, rotary or pushbutton dials, and operated full duplex like a conventional wired telephone. A few users had full-duplex briefcase telephones (radically advanced for their day).RCCs used paired UHF 454/459 MHz and VHF 152/158 MHz frequencies near those used by IMTS.

Rural Radio telephone Service: Using the same channel frequencies as IMTS, the US Federal Communications Commission authorized Rural Radiotelephone Service for fixed stations. Because RF channels were shared with IMTS, the service was licensed only in areas that were remote from large Bureau of the Census Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs).Systems used UHF 454 MHz or 152 MHz radio channels to provide telephone service to extremely rural places where it would be too costly to extend cable plant. One such system was on a 454/459 MHz channel pair between the Death Valley telephone exchange and Stovepipe Wells, California. This specific system carried manual calls to the Traffic Service Position System (TSPS) center in Los Angeles. Stovepipe Wells callers went off-hook and were queried, "Number please," by a TSPS operator, who dialed the call. Dial service was introduced to Stovepipe Wells in the mid-1980s. The radio link has since been replaced by cable. The analog service has since been replaced by Basic Exchange Telephone Radio Service, a digital system using the same frequencies.

FEATURES

All mobile phones have a number of features in common, but manufacturers also try to differentiate their own products by implementing additional functions to make them more attractive to consumers. This has led to great innovation in mobile phone development over the past 20 years. The common components found on all phones are:

A battery, providing the power source for the phone functions An input mechanism to allow the user to interact with the phone. The most common input mechanism is a keypad, but touch screens are also found in some high-end smartphones.

Basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages. All GSM phones use a SIM card to allow an account to be swapped among devices. Some CDMA devices also have a similar card called a R-UIM.

Individual GSM, WCDMA, iDEN and some satellite phone devices are uniquely identified by an International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number.

Low-end mobile phones are often referred to as feature phones, and offer basic telephony, as well as functions such as playing music and taking photos, and sometimes simple applications based on generic managed platforms such as Java ME or BREW. Handsets with more advanced computing ability through the use of native software applications became known as smartphones. The first smartphone was the Nokia 9000 Communicator in 1996 which added PDA functionality to the basic mobile phone at the time. As miniaturization and increased processing power of microchips has enabled ever more features to be added to phones, the concept of the smartphone has evolved, and what was a high-end smartphone five years ago, is a standard phone today. Several phone series have been introduced to address a given market segment, such as the RIM BlackBerry focusing on enterprise/corporate customer email needs; the SonyEricsson Walkman series of music phones and Cyber shot series of camera phones; the Nokia N- Series of multimedia phones, the Palm Pre the HTC Dream and the Apple iPhone.
9

Other features that may be found on mobile phones include GPS navigation, music (MP3) and video (MP4) playback, RDS radio receiver, alarms, memo recording, personal digital assistant functions, ability to watch streaming video, video download, video calling, builtin cameras (1.0+ Mpx) and camcorders (video recording), with autofocus and flash, ringtones, games, PTT, memory card reader (SD), USB (2.0), dual line support, infrared, Bluetooth (2.0) and Wi-Fi connectivity, instant, Internet e-mail and browsing and serving as a wireless modem. Nokia and the University of Cambridge demonstrated a bendable cell phone called the Morph. Some phones can make mobile payments via direct mobile billing schemes or through contactless payments if the phone and point of sale support Near Field

Communication (NFC). Some of the largest mobile phone manufacturers and network providers along with many retail merchants support, or plan to support, contactless payments through NFC-equipped mobile phones. Some phones have an electromechanical transducer on the back which changes the electrical voice signal into mechanical vibrations. The vibrations flow through the cheek bones or forehead allowing the user to hear the conversation. This is useful in the noisy situations or if the user is hard of hearing.

SOFTWARES AND APPALICATION: The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging. The first SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993.Other non-SMS data services used on mobile phones include mobile music, downloadable logos and pictures, gaming, gambling, adult entertainment and advertising. The first downloadable mobile content was sold to a mobile phone in Finland in 1998, when Radiolinja (now Elisa) introduced the downloadable ringtone service. In 1999, Japanese mobile operator NTT DoCoMo introduced its mobile Internet service, i-Mode, which today is the world's largest mobile Internet service. The first mobile news service, delivered via SMS, was launched in Finland in 2000. Mobile news services are expanding with many organizations providing "on-demand" news services by SMS. Some also provide "instant" news pushed out by SMS.Mobile payments were first trialed in Finland in 1998 when two Coca-Cola vending machines in Espoo were enabled to work with SMS payments. Eventually, the idea spread and in 1999 the Philippines launched the first commercial mobile payments systems, on the mobile
10

operators Globe and Smart. Today, mobile payments ranging from mobile banking to mobile credit cards to mobile commerce are very widely used in Asia and Africa, and in selected European markets.

POWER SUPPLY: Mobile phones generally obtain power from rechargeable batteries. There are a variety of ways used to charge cell phones, including USB, portable batteries, mains power (using an AC adapter), cigarette lighters (using an adapter), or a dynamo. In 2009, the first wireless charger was released for consumer user. Various initiatives, such as the EU Common External Power Supply have been announced to standardize the interface to the charger, and to promote energy efficiency of mains-operated chargers. A star rating system is promoted by some manufacturers, where the most efficient chargers consume less than 0.03 watts and obtain a fivestar rating.

SIM CARD: GSM mobile phones require a small microchip called a Subscriber Identity Module or SIM Card, to function. The SIM card is approximately the size of a small postage stamp and is usually placed underneath the battery in the rear of the unit. The SIM securely stores the service-subscriber key (IMSI) used to identify a subscriber on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). The SIM card allows users to change phones by simply removing the SIM card from one mobile phone and inserting it into another mobile phone or broadband telephony device. A SIM card contains its unique serial number, internationally unique number of the mobile user (IMSI), security authentication and ciphering information, temporary information related to the local network, a list of the services the user has access to and two passwords (PIN for usual use and PUK for unlocking).SIM cards are available in three standard sizes. The first is the size of a credit card (85.60 mm 53.98 mm x 0.76 mm). The newer, most popular miniature version has the same thickness but a length of 25 mm and a width of 15 mm, and has one of its corners truncated (chamfered) to prevent misinsertion. The newest incarnation known as the 3FF or micro-SIM has dimensions of 15 mm 12 mm. Most cards of the two smaller sizes are supplied as a full-sized card with the smaller card held in place by a few plastic links; it can easily be broken off to be used in a device that uses the smaller SIM. The first SIM card was made in 1991 by Munich smart card maker Giesecke & Devrient for the Finnish
11

wireless network operator Radiolinja. Giesecke & Devrient sold the first 300 SIM cards to Elisa (ex. Radiolinja).Those cell phones that do not use a SIM Card have the data programmed in to their memory. This data is accessed by using a special digit sequence to access the "NAM" as in "Name" or number programming menu. From there, information can be added, including a new number for the phone, new Service Provider numbers, new emergency numbers, new Authentication Key or A-Key code, and a Preferred Roaming List or PRL. However, to prevent the phone being accidentally disabled or removed from the network, the Service Provider typically locks this data with a Master Subsidiary Lock (MSL). The MSL also locks the device to a particular carrier when it is sold as a leader. The MSL applies only to the SIM, so once the contract has expired, the MSL still applies to the SIM. The phone, however, is also initially locked by the manufacturer into the Service Provider's MSL. This lock may be disabled so that the phone can use other Service Providers' SIM cards. Most phones purchased outside the U.S. are unlocked phones because there are numerous Service Providers that are close to one another or have overlapping coverage. The cost to unlock a phone varies but is usually very cheap and is sometimes provided by independent phone vendors. A similar module called a Removable User Identity Module or RUIM card is present in some CDMA networks, notably in China and Indonesia.

Multi-card hybrid phones: A hybrid mobile phone can take more than one SIM card, even
of different types. The SIM and RUIM cards can be mixed together, and some phones also support three or four SIMs. From 2010 onwards they became popular in India and Indonesia and other emerging markets, attributed to the desire to obtain the lowest on-net calling rate.

Display: Virtually all mobile phones have an integrated display device, some with touchscreen
function. The main measurement for screen size varies greatly by model. Manufacturers use different methods to specify display size, usually width and height in pixels or the diagonal measured in inches. IN 2011, a 3G Android smartphone, the Kyocera Echo, was launched with dual 3.5 inch screens. Furthermore, the screens can be combined into a single 4.7 inch which turns it into a tablet computer. It uses a single Snapdragon processor.
12

 Central processing unit: Mobile phones have central processing units (CPUs), similar to those in computers, but optimized to operate in low power environments. Mobile CPU performance depends not only on the clock rate (generally given in multiples of hertz) [26] but also the memory hierarchy also greatly affects overall performance. Because of these problems, the performance of mobile phone CPUs is often more appropriately given by scores derived from various standardized tests to measure the real effective performance in commonly used applications.

13

USAGE

Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes, including keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Some people carry more than one cell phone for different purposes, such as for business and personal use. Multiple SIM cards may also be used to take advantage of the benefits of different calling plansa particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-distance calls, international calls, or roaming. A study by Motorola found that one in ten cell phone subscribers have a second phone that often is kept secret from other family members. These phones may be used to engage in activities including extramarital affairs or clandestine business dealings. The mobile phone has also been used in a variety of diverse contexts in society, for example:

Organizations that aid victims of domestic violence may offer a cell phone to potential victims without the abuser's knowledge. These devices are often old phones that are donated and refurbished to meet the victim's emergency needs.

The advent of widespread text messaging has resulted in the cell phone novel; the first literary genre to emerge from the cellular age via text messaging to a website that collects the novels as a whole. Paul Levinson, in Information on the Move (2004), says "...nowadays, a writer can write just about as easily, anywhere, as a reader can read" and they are "not only personal but portable."

Mobile telephony also facilitates activism and public journalism being explored by Reuters and Yahoo! and small independent news companies such as Jasmine News in Sri Lanka.

Mobile phones help lift poor out of poverty. The United Nations has reported that mobile phonesspreading faster than any other information technologycan improve the livelihood of the poorest people in developing countries. The economic benefits of mobile phones go well beyond access to information where a landline or Internet is not yet available in rural areas, mostly in Least Developed Countries. Mobile phones have spawned a wealth of micro-enterprises, offering work to people with little education and few resources, such as selling airtime on the streets and repairing or refurbishing handsets.
14

In Mali and some African countries, villagers sometimes had to go from village to village all day, covering up to 20 villages, to let friends and relatives know about a wedding, a birth or a death, but such travel is no longer necessary if the villages are within the coverage area of a mobile phone network. Like in many African countries, the coverage is better than that of landline networks, and most people own a mobile phone. However, small villages have no electricity, leaving mobile phone owners to have to recharge their phone batteries using a solar panel or motorcycle battery.

The TV industry has recently started using mobile phones to drive live TV viewing through mobile apps, advertising, social TV, and mobile TV. 86% of Americans use their mobile phone while watching TV.

In March 2011, a pilot project experimenting with branchless banking was launched by the International Finance Corporation, a member of the World Bank, and Bank Harappa Bali, a subsidiary of Bank Mandirithe biggest bank in Indonesia and one of the cellular operators in Bali. Its aim is to increase the amount of bank customers. In Indonesia, only 60 million people have a bank account even though banks have existed for more than a hundred years, whereas 114 million people have become users of mobile phones in only two decades. Branchless banking has been successful in Kenya, South Africa and Philippines.

15

MOBILE PHONE IN SOCIETY

Market: The world's largest individual mobile operator by subscribers is China Mobile with over 500 million mobile phone subscribers. Over 50 mobile operators have over 10 million subscribers each, and over 150 mobile operators have at least one million subscribers by the end of 2009 (source wireless intelligence). In February 2010, there were 4.6 billion mobile phone subscribers, a number that is estimated to grow. Competitive forces emerged in the Asia Pacific (excluding Japan) region at Q3 2010 to the detriment of market leader Nokia. Brands such as Micromax, Nexian, and i-Mobile chipped away at Nokia's market share plus Android powered smartphones also gained momentum across the region at the cost of Nokia.based on IDC India, Nokia's market share dropped significantly to 36 percent in the second quarter, from 56.8 percent in the same quarter last year and further drop to 31.5 percent in the third quarter, reflecting the growing share of Chinese and Indian vendors of low-end mobile phones. Based on IDC in the last quarter of 2010, RIM has been knocked out from the top five list global mobile phone sellers. The number one rank is still Nokia followed by Samsung, LG Electronics, ZTE and Apple. For the first time Chinese ZTE is among the top five lists and mainly make of lower cost phones. For the year of 2010, Sony Ericsson and Motorola are out from the top of five lists and have been replaced by LG Electronics and Apple. Significant increase from 16.5 percent to 30.6 percent has been done by many small not yet recognized brands (some of them are new brands) Others-2. Total sales in 2010 to end users were 1.6 billion units or increase by 31.8 percent from the year of 2009. In Q1 2011, Apple surpassed Nokia as the world's top handset vendor in revenue and Nokia market share drop continuously to 29 percent in Q1 2011 as the lowest level since the late 1990s. In June 2011, Nokia has also announced that in Q2 2011 the sales and margins are expected to be much lower than anticipated due to global competition in both low-andhigh end markets. At April 6, 2011 market capitalization of HTC surpassed Nokia with $33.8 billion over $33.4 billion respectively. The credit agency was also downgraded Nokia's debt from A2 to A3.

16

Market share of world's top 5 mobile vendors Source Date Nokia SAMSUNG LG Apple ZTE Others References

Gartner

Q2/2011

22.8%

16.3%

5.7%

4.6%

3.0%

47.6%

[33]

IDC

Q2/2011

24.2%

19.2%

6.8%

5.6%

4.5%

39.7%

[34]

Source: Gartner & IDC, Q2-2011 Note: Vendor shipments are branded shipments and exclude OEM sales for all vendors

By year-over-year at Q2, worldwide sales of mobile devices grew 16.5 percent, to reach 428.7 million units. Others still rose and achieved almost a half of market share. June 2011: In 3 years, RIM has loosed about 82 percent of the capitalization. As a barometer in North America, RIM's market share dropped significantly from 54% to 13% in the last 2 years. Other manufacturers outside of Top Five include (June 2011 data) Research In Motion Ltd. (RIM), HTC Corporation, Motorola, Huawei, Sony Ericsson, while the following has very small market share each Audiovox (now UTStarcom), BenQ-

Siemens, CECT, Fujitsu, Kyocera, Mitsubishi Electric, NEC, Panasonic, Palm, Partech Wireless Inc., Philips, Qualcomm Inc., Sagem, Sanyo, Sharp, Sierra Wireless, Just5, SK Teletech, T&A Alcatel, Trium, Toshiba, Videocon and so many China's, India's and Indonesia's brands. There are also specialist communication systems related to (but distinct from) mobile phones.

Media: In 1998, one of the first examples of selling media content through the mobile phone was the sale of ringtones by Radiolinja in Finland. Soon afterwards, other media content appeared such as news, videogames, jokes, horoscopes, TV content and advertising. Most early content for mobile tended to be copies of legacy media, such as the banner advertisement or the TV news highlight video clip. Recently, unique content for mobile has been emerging, from the ringing tones and ring back tones in music to "mobisodes," video content that has been produced exclusively for mobile phones. In 2006, the total value of mobile-phone-paid media content

17

exceeded Internet-paid media content and was worth 31 billion dollars (source Informal 2007). The value of music on phones was worth 9.3 billion dollars in 2007 and gaming was worth over 5 billion dollars in 2007. The advent of media on the mobile phone has also produced the opportunity to identify and track Alpha Users or Hubs, the most influential members of any social community. AMF Ventures measured in 2007 the relative accuracy of three mass media, and found that audience measures on mobile were nine times more accurate than on the Internet and 90 times more accurate than on TV. The mobile phone is often called the Fourth Screen (if counting cinema, TV and PC screens as the first three) or Third Screen (counting only TV and PC screens).It is also called the Seventh of the Mass Media (with Print, Recordings, Cinema, Radio, TV and Internet the first six).

Privacy: The movements of a mobile phone user can be tracked by their service provider and, if desired, by law enforcement agencies and their government. Both the SIM card and the handset can be tracked. China has proposed using this technology to track commuting patterns of Beijing city residents.

18

Restrictions

While Driving: Mobile phone use while driving is common but controversial. Being
distracted while operating a motor vehicle has been shown to increase the risk of accident. Because of this, many jurisdictions prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving. Egypt, Israel, Japan, Portugal and Singapore ban both handheld and hands-free use of a mobile phone; others including the UK, France, and many U.S. statesban handheld phone use only, allowing hands-free use. Due to the increasing complexity of mobile phones, they are often more like mobile computers in their available uses. This has introduced additional difficulties for law enforcement officials in distinguishing one usage from another as drivers use their devices. This is more apparent in those countries which ban both handheld and hands-free usage, rather those who have banned handheld use only, as officials cannot easily tell which function of the mobile phone is being used simply by looking at the driver. This can lead to drivers being stopped for using their device illegally on a phone call when, in fact, they were using the device for a legal purpose such as the phone's incorporated controls for car stereo or satnav. A recently published study has reviewed the incidence of mobile phone use while cycling and its effects on behavior and safety.

In schools: Some schools limit or restrict the use of mobile phones. Schools set
restrictions on the use of mobile phones because of the use of cell phones for cheating on tests, harassment and bullying, causing threats to the schools security, distractions to the students, and facilitating gossip and other social activity in school. Many mobile phones are banned in school locker room facilities, public restrooms and swimming pools due to the built-in cameras that most phones now feature.

Privacy: Mobile phones have numerous privacy issues. Governments, law enforcement
and intelligence services use mobiles to perform surveillance in the UK and the US They possess technology to activate the microphones in cell phones remotely in order to listen to conversations that take place near to the person who holds the phone. Mobile phones are also commonly used to collect location data. While the phone is turned on, the geographical location of a mobile phone can be determined easily (whether it is being
19

used or not), using a technique known multi literation to calculate the differences in time for a signal to travel from the cell phone to each of several cell towers near the owner of the phone.

20

Advantages and Disadvantage of Mobile Phones

Using mobile phones has lots of advantages and disadvantages and most you will be aware of that. Earlier days, when we are out of home or office, we need to search for a public telephone booth to make a phone call, but now, just pick up your mobile phone and dial. I am trying to list the Pros and cons of using a mobile phone in this post.

Advantages of Mobile Phones

You are always connected; anybody who knows your mobile number can contact you. If you are travelling out of your territory or to another country, you can use the roaming facility to be connected anywhere and all the time. You can use features like Text messaging to send messages, receive messages, send greetings, MMS for sending pictures, get information like news, flight timings and many more features. Now most of the mobile phone service providers have GPRS or EDGE or 3G enabled networks. You can use internet anytime and anywhere. If you need to check your mail, you can do that when you are travelling or out of your office. You can reply to important messages or emails from your mobile phone itself. Features like Microsoft Exchange and Blackberry are really great. When you receive an email at your server, you get it pushed to your mobile phone. Latest PDAs, or iPhone are not just mobile phones, you even term it as Mobile Office. I get all my mails pushed to my HTC Titan II. Even if I am travelling, I am always aware of the important messages and I can respond quickly without entering my office. I use remote desktop with my Pocket PC using Wi-Fi connections, through which I can access all my office desktop computers from anywhere in the World. There is an excellent service called Log Mein, which is something I have been using for long time. Other excellent feature of mobile internet is that you can use internet sharing to using internet on your laptop while you are travelling. Just connect your PDA or pocket pc or your mobile phone with GPRS or EDGE or 3G internet and use it on your...

21

 Disadvantages of Mobile Phones

Every coin has two faces. Same goes with the mobile technology. It has numerous advantages but it also brings with it some disadvantages. One of it is the radiations of mobile phones that are causing serious health hazards to the users. The mobile phone users are more prone to brain tumors, ear defects, headaches and blurring of vision. The mobile phones use microwave radiations to transmit data or more clearly they use these radiations to connect. For this base stations are to be installed in various parts of the city so that effective coverage can be given to the users. These microwaves lead to serious health problems. it can cause the damage to the DNA, a causative factor for mutation in species, eye vision getting blurred and eye cancer, infertility, hyperactivity in new born children and different type of damages to the ear and tympanic membrane which can cause hearing defects in the individuals who excessively use mobile. Addiction in teenagers Due to low priced services in the form of postpaid and prepaid the teenagers can easily avail mobile telephony. Here the benefits get converted to disadvantages when the device is over used every time and at every place. The teenagers are talking of the services, giving and receiving text messages; downloading wallpapers and ringtones and playing games. They by this way get detached with the other important activities which are so important for their social and personality development. No personal life you keep it with you all the time and everywhere. You take it with you in an important meeting. You are discussing an important aspect of the budget for approval. At this point the mobile beeps and you get distracted from the important thing that you were discussing. Take another situation. You are on a vacation and relaxing on beach. Just then the mobile vibrates and when you receive the call it is just another sales advertisement by the service company.

22

Analysis of serve

How many phones do you have?

No.of People 40 (IN%)

1% 0

28% 1 2 70% 3 4

In this serve, we found out that 70% people have 1 mobile phone, 28% people have 2 mobile phone and only 2% people have 3 mobile phone and none of the people have 4 mobile phone. On this base, we can say that huge no. of people using one mobile.

23

 What is Mobile preserve per month?

Expense per month

60% 50% 40% 33% 30% 20% 10% 2% 0% 100-500 500-1000 1000-1500 1500-2000 17% Expense per month 48%

From above chart, 48% people spend their money in between 100-500.33% people spend their money in between 500-1000.17% people spend their money in between 10001500 and rest of them spend money more than 1500.huge people spend their money in less amount in mobile phone.

24

What occupation of mobile phone you are the most?

Purpose of mobile phone

60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% SMS&Chatting Internet Entertainment 55% 32% 13% Purpose of mobile phone

Most of the people using mobile phone for SMS & Chatting and the ratio of that people is 55%.few of the people using mobile phone for Entertainments purpose and their ratio is 13%.Rest of the people using internet and their percentage is 32%.

25

 Use of mobile per day?

Per Day
45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 1-3 hours 4-6 hours 7-10 hours More than 10 hours 0% 17% Series 1 43% 40%

By the graph,48% people use mobile 1-3 hours per day,40% people use mobile 46 hours per day and none of the people dont like to use mobile phone more than 10 hours and ratio of 7-10 hours usage of mobile people are less compare to other.

26

 If phone ringing at work place?

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% okay irritated 45% 15% 10% 30% switch off disconnected the call Drop the call atted the call

In this serve, Different people have different view on this question. Some people attend the call (45%) and some drop the call (30%) while there are at work place. When some got irritated at work place and switch off (15%) their phone, while other people disconnect the call (10%).

27

 If the phone ringing at midnight and it is not urgent call but a friend calls what do you do?

Not a urgent call

50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% atted the call Dis connected the call Drop the call Switch off 10% 17% 28% atted the call Dis connected the call Drop the call Switch off 45%

Ratio of people attend the call is 45% while midnight. Almost 28% people dis connected the call because its not urgent call and some of few people Drop the call and switch off the phone. Their ratios are 10% and 17%.

28

 You use mobile phone?

Use
45% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Show off stay connected with family friends have so updates about friends 25% 17% 13% Use

No of people use mobile to stay connected with their family and its ratio is 45%.Only 13% people use mobile to update their friends information.25% of young people like to have mobile phone to show off in people place. And rest of 17% believe that their friends have mobile phone so there should have so.

29

 Your views about mobile?

views of mobile

27% just machienes statues symbols gadget cant live without 10% 63%

Huge no of people think that this is just a machine to stay connected with the friends and family and is ratio 63%.27% people cant live without mobile phone and few are thinking that this is statues symbol.

30

CONCLUSION

In the analysis of the survey of Mobile Killing Privacy and we found out interest fact that almost all people of age 20-25 have mobile phone. Most of the young people spend 100-1000 money on mobile phone so we can say less number of people spending more money on mobile phone. In survey of 40 people we found out that most of people occupied their phone for sms & chatting. Most of that people use of mobile per day is 1 to 6 hours. More than 75% of people dont mind their phone ring at work place. 50% of people attend the call and 28% of people disconnected the call while at midnight so we guess people are more love to be connected with their friends. Various people have different think on uses of mobile phone. Some like to stay connected with family, some loves to chat with friends and other have just for show off. More than 50% of people think its just a machine but few of the people cant live without mobile phone because they have habit of having mobile with them all the time. Finally, we can say mobile kill privacy but young people love to have mobile phone. They have specific purpose to have that and mobile phone is necessary in now a day and we should keep with us to stay connected with whole world.

31