2012
MATLAB
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB
BY: CHHAVI TRIVEDI , ROLL NO : 07213502709, [Link](CSE), VI SEMESTER
IGIT
KASHMERE GATE
1/1/2012
Q1. Plot u(n)
CODE:
>> clear all;
>> t=[Link];
>> y=ones(1,7);
>> plot(t,y);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('plot of u(n)')
FIGURE:
plot of u(n)
2
1.8
1.6
Amplitude
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
3
n-->
Q2. Plot nu(n)
CODE:
>> t=[Link];
>> n=input('enter value of n ');
enter value of n 4
>> y=ones(1,7);
>> y1=y*n;
>> plot(t,y1);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('plot of 4u(n)')
FIGURE:
plot of 4u(n)
5
4.8
4.6
Amplitude
4.4
4.2
4
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3
3
n-->
Q3. Plot u(-n)
CODE:
t=-[Link];
>> y=ones(1,7);
>> plot(t,y);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('plot of u(-n)')
FIGURE:
plot of u(-n)
2
1.8
1.6
Amplitude
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-6
-5
-4
-3
n-->
-2
-1
Q4. Plot u(n)-u(N-1)
CODE:
>> n=input('enter the N value ');
enter the N value 1
>> t=[Link]n-1;
>> y1=ones(1,n);
>> stem(t,y1);ylabel('Amplitude');xlabel('n-->');title('plot of u(n)-u(N-1)')
FIGURE:
plot of u(n)-u(N-1)
1
0.9
0.8
Amplitude
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
n-->
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Q5. Plot the linear convolution of sequences of length 4.
CODE:
x=input('enter the 1st sequence ');
enter the 1st sequence
>> x=input('enter the 1st sequence ');
enter the 1st sequence [2 1 0 0.5]
>> h=input('enter the 2nd sequence ');
enter the 2nd sequence [2 2 1 1]
y=conv(x,h);
m=length(y)-1;
>> n=[Link]m;
subplot(2,1,1);stem(x);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');subplot(2,1,2);stem(h);xlabel('n->');ylabel('Amplitude')
stem(n,y);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude')
FIGURE:
x(n)
Amplitude
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1.5
2.5
n-h(n)
3.5
1.5
2.5
n-->
3.5
Amplitude
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Amplitude
3
n-->
Q6. Plot the circular convolution of Q5.
CODE:
y=cconv(x,h);
>> m=length(y)-1;
>> n=[Link]m;
>> disp('output sequence is =');disp(y)
output sequence is =
4.0000 6.0000 4.0000 4.0000 2.0000 0.5000 0.5000
stem(n,y);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude')
FIGURE:
6
Amplitude
3
n-->
Q7. Plot the cross-correlation of sequences of length 4.
CODE:
x=input('enter the 1st sequence ');
enter the 1st sequence [1 2 3 4]
>> h=input('enter the 2nd sequence ');
enter the 2nd sequence [4 3 2 1]
>> y=xcorr(x,h);
subplot(3,1,3);stem(fliplr(y));xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('crosscorrelation');subplot(3,1,1);stem(x);xlabel('n->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('x(n)');;subplot(3,1,2);stem(h);xlabel('n-->');ylabel('Amplitude');title('y(n)')
FIGURE:
Amplitude
Amplitude
Amplitude
x(n)
4
2
0
1.5
2.5
n-->
y(n)
3.5
1.5
2.5
n-->
cross-correlation
3.5
4
n-->
4
2
0
40
20
0
Q8. Plot zeros and poles of u(n).
CODE:
num=[1 0];
>> den=[1 -1];
>> zplane(num,den)
>> [z p k]=tf2zp(num,den);
>> m=abs(p);
>> disp('zeros are at ');disp(z);
zeros are at
0
>> disp('poles are at ');disp(p);
poles are at
1
disp('Gain constant ');disp(k);
Gain constant
1
>> disp('Radius of poles ' );disp(m);
Radius of poles
1
FIGURE:
1
0.8
0.6
Imaginary Part
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-1
-0.5
0
Real Part
0.5
Q9. Compute the z-transform of anu(n) and plot its zeros and poles.
CODE:
syms a n;
>> g=a^n;
>> ztrans(g)
ans =
-z/(a - z)
a=input('Enter the value of a ');
Enter the value of a 2
>> num=[1 0];
>> den=[1 -a];
>> zplane(num,den)
>> [z p k]=tf2zp(num,den);
>> m=abs(p);
>> disp('zeros are at ');disp(z);
zeros are at
0
>> disp('poles are at ');disp(p);
poles are at
2
disp('Gain constant ');disp(k);
Gain constant
1
>> disp('Radius of poles ' );disp(m);
Radius of poles
2
FIGURE:
Imaginary Part
0.5
-0.5
-1
-1
-0.5
0.5
Real Part
1.5
Q10. Plot u(n)coswon z-transform with its poles and zeros.
CODE:
w=input('enter the value of Wo ');
enter the value of Wo 1
num=[0 1 -cos(w)];
den=[1 -2*cos(w) 1];
>> zplane(num,den)
>> [z p k]=tf2zp(num,den);
>> m=abs(p);
>> disp('zeros are at ');disp(z);
zeros are at
0.5403
>> disp('poles are at ');disp(p);
poles are at
0.5403 + 0.8415i
0.5403 - 0.8415i
disp('Gain constant ');disp(k);
Gain constant
1
>> disp('Radius of poles ' );disp(m);
Radius of poles
1
1
FIGURE:
1
0.8
0.6
Imaginary Part
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-1
-0.5
0
Real Part
0.5
Q11. Find and plot the dft of [1,2,3,4] and hence by the idft of the result obtained.
CODE(I):
x=input('enter the sequene ')
enter the sequene [1 2 3 4]
x=
1
>> n=input('enter the length of sequence ');
enter the length of sequence 4
y=fft(x,n);
stem(y);ylabel('Imaginary Axis --> ');xlabel('Real axis -->')
y=
10.0000
-2.0000 + 2.0000i -2.0000
-2.0000 - 2.0000i
FIGURE(I):
2
1.5
Imaginary Axis -->
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
1.5
2.5
Real axis -->
3.5
CODE(II):
x=input('enter the sequene ')
enter the sequene [1 2 3 4]
x=
1
>> y=fft(x,4);
>> n=input('enter the length of idft ');
enter the length of idft 4
>> k=ifft(y,n)
k=
1 2 3 4
stem(k);xlabel('n --> ');ylabel('Amplitude --> ')
FIGURE(II):
4
3.5
Amplitude -->
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1.5
2.5
n -->
3.5
Q12. Perform dft of sequence of length 7 using overlap add method.
CODE:
b=input('Enter input signal (of length 7) ');
Enter input signal (of length 7) [1 2 3 4 5 6 7]
>> x=input('Enter impulse signal ');
Enter impulse signal [1 2 5 6 2 3 9]
>> n=input('Enter block size ');
Enter block size 3
>> y=fftfilt(x,b,n)
y=
1
4 12 26 42 61 89
>> stem(y)
FIGURE:
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Q13. Design low pass butterworth filter.
CODE:
format long;
>> rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.5
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 50
>> wp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1200
>> ws=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 2400
>> fs=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 10000
>> w1=2*wp/fs;w2=2*ws/fs;
>> [n wn]=buttord(w1,w2,rp,rs);
>> [b a]=butter(n,wn);
>> w=0:0.01:pi;
>> [h om]=freqz(b,a,w);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
subplot(2,1,1);plot(om/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('(a) Normalised frequency ->');subplot(2,1,2);plot(om/pi,an);xlabel(' (b) Normalised frequency-->');ylabel('Phase in radians -->')
FIGURE:
-100
-200
-300
-400
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
(a) Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
(b) Normalised frequency-->
0.8
0.9
4
Phase in radians -->
Gain in db -->
2
0
-2
-4
Q14. Design low pass chebychev filter.
CODE:
format long;
>> rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.2
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 45
>> wp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1300
>> ws=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 1500
>> fs=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 10000
>> w1=2*wp/fs;w2=2*ws/fs;
[n wn]=cheb1ord(w1,w2,rp,rs);
>> [b a]=cheby1(n,rp,wn);
>> w=0:0.01:pi;
>> [h om]=freqz(b,a,w);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
an=angle(h);
>> subplot(2,1,1);plot(om/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('(a) Normalised frequency ->');subplot(2,1,2);plot(om/pi,an);xlabel(' (b) Normalised frequency-->');ylabel('Phase in radians -->')
FIGURE:
0
-200
-400
-600
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
(a) Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
(b) Normalised frequency-->
0.8
0.9
4
Phase in radians -->
Gain in db -->
200
2
0
-2
-4
Q15. Design low pass filter using rectangular window.
CODE:
rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.05
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 0.04
>> wp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1500
>> ws=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 2000
>> fs=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 9000
>> w1=2*wp/fs;w2=2*ws/fs;
>> num=-20*log10(sqrt(rp*rs))-13;
>> den=14.6*(ws-wp)/fs;
>> n=ceil(num/den);
n1=n+1;
>> if(rem(n,2)~=0)
n1=n;
n=n-1;
end
>> y=boxcar(n1);
>> b=fir1(n,w1,y);
>> [h o]=freqz(b,1,256);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
subplot;plot(o/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('Normalised frequency -->')
FIGURE:
10
0
-10
Gain in db -->
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
Q16. Design low pass filter using hamming window.
CODE:
clear all;
>> rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.02
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 0.01
>> fp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1200
>> fs=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 1700
>> f=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 9000
>> wp=2*fp/f;ws=2*fs/f;
>> num=-20*log10(sqrt(rp*rs))-13;
>> den=14.6*(fs-fp)/f;
>> n=ceil(num/den);
>> n1=n+1;
>> if(rem(n,2)~=0)
n1=n;
n=n-1;
end;
>> y=hamming(n1);
>> b=fir1(n,wp,y);
>> [h o]=freqz(b,1,256);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
>> subplot;plot(o/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('Normalised frequency -->')
FIGURE:
20
Gain in db -->
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
Q17. Design low pass filter using hanning window.
CODE:
>> clear all;
>> rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.02
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 0.01
>> fp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1200
>> fs=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 1700
>> f=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 9000
>> wp=2*fp/f;ws=2*fs/f;
>> num=-20*log10(sqrt(rp*rs))-13;
>> den=14.6*(fs-fp)/f;
>> n=ceil(num/den);
>> n1=n+1;
>> if(rem(n,2)~=0)
n1=n;
n=n-1;
end;
y=hanning(n1);
>> b=fir1(n,wp,y);
>> [h o]=freqz(b,1,256);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
>> subplot;plot(o/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('Normalised frequency -->')
FIGURE:
20
0
Gain in db -->
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
[Link] low pass filter using Bartlett window.
CODE:
>> clear all;
>> rp=input('Enter the passband ripple ');
Enter the passband ripple 0.02
>> rs=input('Enter the stopband ripple ');
Enter the stopband ripple 0.01
>> fp=input('Enter the passband freq ');
Enter the passband freq 1200
>> fs=input('Enter the stopband freq ');
Enter the stopband freq 1700
>> f=input('Enter the sampling freq ');
Enter the sampling freq 9000
>> wp=2*fp/f;ws=2*fs/f;
>> num=-20*log10(sqrt(rp*rs))-13;
>> den=14.6*(fs-fp)/f;
>> n=ceil(num/den);
>> n1=n+1;
>> if(rem(n,2)~=0)
n1=n;
n=n-1;
end;
y=bartlett(n1);
>> b=fir1(n,wp,y);
>> [h o]=freqz(b,1,256);
>> m=20*log10(abs(h));
>> subplot;plot(o/pi,m);ylabel('Gain in db --> ');xlabel('Normalised frequency -->')
FIGURE:
0
-5
-10
Gain in db -->
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
-45
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Normalised frequency -->
0.8
0.9
Q19. Design an all pass filter and locate its poles and zeros.
CODE:
c=[1.5 0.7];
>> hd=[Link](c)
hd =
FilterStructure: 'Minimum-Multiplier Allpass'
AllpassCoefficients: [1.5 0.7]
PersistentMemory: false
>> zplane(hd)
FIGURES:
Pole/Zero Plot
1
0.8
Imaginary Part
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
Real Part
0.5
1.5
Magnitude Response (dB)
0.5
0.4
0.3
Magnitude (dB)
0.2
0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.9
Phase Response
0
Phase (radians)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
Group Delay
12
Group delay (in samples)
10
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
Phase Delay
2
1.8
Phase Delay (samples)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
Impulse Response
0.7
0.6
0.5
Amplitude
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0
10
15
20
25
30
Samples
35
40
45
50
Q20. Design a minimum phase filter and locate its poles and zeros.
CODE:
Fs = 96000;
Fn = Fs/2;
f = [0 17000 20000 28000 31000 Fn]/Fn;
a = [0 0 1 1 0 0];
w = [5 1 5];
b = firgr(44, f, a, w, 'minphase');
legend(fvtool(b),'Min Phase')
FIGURES:
Pole/Zero Plot
1
0.8
0.6
Imaginary Part
0.4
0.2
44
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
Min Phase: Zero
-1
Min Phase: Pole
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
Real Part
0.5
1.5
Group Delay
20
Min Phase
Group delay (in samples)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
Magnitude Response (dB)
0
Min Phase
-5
Magnitude (dB)
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
Impulse Response
0.2
0.15
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
Min Phase
-0.2
0
10
15
20
Samples
25
30
35
40
Phase Response
6
Min Phase
Phase (radians)
Amplitude
0.1
-2
-4
-6
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
Phase Delay
21
20.5
Phase Delay (samples)
20
Min Phase
19.5
19
18.5
18
17.5
17
16.5
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Normalized Frequency ( rad/sample)
0.7
0.8
0.9
