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Any Entity That Can Take On Different Values

Statistics is the study of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data. It is used to draw inferences about populations based on samples. There are two main types: descriptive statistics summarizes data through measures of central tendency and variability, while inferential statistics is used to make predictions and conclusions beyond the immediate data. Key concepts in statistics include variables, populations, samples, distributions, parameters, and statistics.

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44 views1 page

Any Entity That Can Take On Different Values

Statistics is the study of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data. It is used to draw inferences about populations based on samples. There are two main types: descriptive statistics summarizes data through measures of central tendency and variability, while inferential statistics is used to make predictions and conclusions beyond the immediate data. Key concepts in statistics include variables, populations, samples, distributions, parameters, and statistics.

Uploaded by

lumiere14
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

Statistics Branch of mathematics concerned with collection, classification, analysis, and interpretation of numerical facts, for drawing inferences on the basis of their quantifiable likelihood (probability). Statistics can interpret aggregates of data too large to be intelligible by ordinary observation because such data (unlike individual quantities) tend to behave in regular, predictable manner. It is subdivided into descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. 2. Data A collection of numbers or facts that is used as a basis for making conclusions. 3. Variable Is any entity that can take on different values. 4. Sample - A sample is a group of units selected from a larger group (the population). 5. Population -Is a set of entities concerning which statistical inferences are to be drawn, often based on a random sample taken from the population. - A population is any entire collection of people, animals, plants or things from which we may collect data. It is the entire group we are interested in, which we wish to describe or draw conclusions about. 6. Descriptive statistics A set of brief descriptive coefficients that summarizes a given data set, which can either be a representation of the entire population or a sample. The measures used to describe the data set are measures of central tendency and measures of variability or dispersion. 7. Inferential statistics Are used to draw conclusions and make predictions based on the descriptions of data. 8. Probability Is the measure of how likely an event is. 9. Quantitative variable -Is naturally measured as a number for which meaningful arithmetic operations make sense. -Take on values that are names or labels. The color of a ball (e.g., red, green, blue) or the breed of a dog (e.g., collie, shepherd, and terrier) would be examples of qualitative or categorical variables. 10. Qualitative variable -Quantitative variables are numeric. They represent a measurable quantity. For example, when we speak of the population of a city, we are talking about the number of people in the city - a measurable attribute of the city. 11. Discrete distribution -Distribution of a random variable that takes only finite (or countably infinite) set of values. - The statistical or probabilistic properties of observable (either finite or countably infinite) predefined values. is characterized by a limited number of possible observations. Discrete distribution It is frequently used in statistical modeling and computer programming. 12. Continuous distribution Distribution of a random variable that may take any value in a finite or infinite set of values. 13. Parameter -A parameter is a value, usually unknown (and which therefore has to be estimated), used to represent a certain population characteristic. For example, the population mean is a parameter that is often used to indicate the average value of a quantity. Within a population, a parameter is a fixed value which does not vary. Parameters are often assigned Greek letters (e.g. whereas statistics are assigned Roman letters (e.g. s). 14. Statistic A statistic is a quantity that is calculated from a sample of data. It is used to give information about unknown values in the corresponding population. ),

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