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ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS FORM 4

2 : QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
ANSWERS
Exercise 2.1
2. (b) 2x2 + 6x + 3 = 0
2

1. x 6x = 3
x2 6x + 3 = 0
a = 1 , b = -6 , c = 3

x2 + 3x
3 2
)
2
3
x+
2
x

(x+

2. (x 4)2 = 1
x2 8x + 16 = 1
x2 8x + 16 1 = 0
x2 8x + 15 = 0
a = 1 , b= 8 , c = 15

3
2
3
3
= - +( )2
2
2

= -

0.75

= 0.866 1.5
= -2.366 , -0.634

3. (a) x2 2x 4 = 0
a = 1 , b = -2 , c = -4

3. x ( x + 4 ) = 60
x2 + 4x 60 = 0
( x 6) (x + 10 ) =0
X = 6 or x = -10 (ignored)
Hence, x = 6

( 2) (-2) 4(1)( 4)
x=
2(1)
2 20
2
x = -1.236 , 3.236

x =

Exercise2.2
1. (a) x2 5x + 4 = 0
(x 1 ) ( x 4 ) = 0
x = 1 or x = 4

3. (b) 3x2 14x + 10 = 0

a = 3 , b = -14 , c = 10

(b) 2x2 = 11x + 6

2x2 11x 6 = 0
( 2x + 1) ( x - 6 ) = 0
1
x = - or x = 6
2

(14) (-14) 4(3)(10)

x=
2(3)
14 76
6
x = 0.880 , 3.786

x =

2. (a) x2 x 3 = 0
x2 x = 3
1
1
(x - )2 = 3 + (- )2
2
2
1
13
x=
2
4
1
13
x
=
+
2
4
= - 1.303 , 2.303

4.(a) S.O.R = 1 + 7 = 8 , P.O.R = 1 7 = 7

The quadratic equation is :
x2 ( S.O.R ) x + ( P.O.R ) = 0
x2 ( 8 ) x + ( 7 ) = 0
x2 8x + 7 = 0

1
9
=
,
2
2
1
P.O.R = 4 = 2 .
2
The quadratic equation is :
x2 ( S.O.R ) x + ( P.O.R ) = 0
9
x2 ( ) x + ( 2 ) = 0
2
2x2 9x + 4 = 0

4.(b) S.O.R = 4 +

x2 - 12x + 36= 0
a = 1 , b = -12 , c = 36
b2 4ac = (-12) 2 4 (1) (36)
= 144 144
= 0
2
Thus, x -12x + 36 = 0 has two equal roots.
1.(b)

2.(a) x2 - kx + 36= 0
a = 1 , b = -k , c = 36
b2 4ac = 0
(-k)2 4(1)(36) = 0
k 2 144 = 0
k2 = 144
k = 12

5. If m and n are the roots of the equation

2x2 - 11x 6 = 0 , then
b
c
m+n=mn =
a
a
11
6
=-(
)
=2
2
11
=
=-3
2

2.(b) 4x2 + 12x + k = 0

a = 1 , b = 12 , c = k
b2 4ac = 0
(12)2 4(4)(k) = 0
144 16k = 0
16 k = 144
k= 9

For the roots 3m and 3n ,

Sum of roots = 3m + 3n = 3(m +n)
11
= 3( )
2
33
=
2
Product of roots = (3m) (3n)
= 9mn
= 9(-3)
= -27

3.(a) x2 + 2x + h 2 = 0
a = 1 , b = 2 , c = h-2
b2 4ac < 0
(2)2 4 (1) (h 2) < 0
4 4h + 8 < 0
4h > 12
h >3
3. (b) (h + 1) x2 + 8x + 6 = 0
a=h+1 ,b=8 , c=6
b2 4ac < 0
(8)2 4 (h + 1) (6) < 0
64 24h -24 < 0
24h > 40
5
h >
3

Therefore, the equation which has roots 3m

and 3n is :
x2 (sum of roots) x + product of roots = 0
33
x2 (
) x + ( -27) = 0
2
2x2 - 33x 54 = 0
Exercise2.3
1.(a) x2 + 9x + 3 = 0
a=1 ,b=9 , c=3
b2 4ac = (9) 2 4 (1) (3)
= 81 12
= 69 > 0
2
Thus, x + 9x + 3 = 0 has two different
roots .

4. ) x2 + 2nx - 16 = 0
a = 1 , b = 2n , c = -16
b2 4ac > 0
(2n)2 4 (1) (-16) > 0
4n2 + 64 > 0
n2 + 16 > 0
let n2 + 16 = 0
n=4
Thus , n < -4 or n > 4
2

5. 9k + 6kx + ( k + 1)x2 = 2
(k + 1)2 + 6kx + 9k 2 = 0
a= k + 1 , b = 6k , c = 9k 2
b2 4ac > 0
(6k)2 4 (k + 1) (9k - 2) > 0
36k2 4 ( 9k2 + 7k -2) > 0
36k2 36 k2 28k + 8 > 0
28 k < 8
2
k<
7

p
( )2= 4
q
p
= 2
q
Thus, p = 2q

2. x2 mx + 6 = 0
Sum of roots = m
Product of roots = 6
Thus , p + q = m
pq = 6
2x2 + 20x + n = 0
n
x2 + 10x +
=0
2
Sum of roots = -10