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One Sample T-Test:: Purpose: The One-Sample T Test Compares The Mean Score of A Sample To A Population Mean. Hypotheses

The document provides information about one-sample t-tests, two-sample independent t-tests, and paired sample t-tests. A one-sample t-test compares a sample mean to a population mean to determine if they are significantly different. A two-sample independent t-test compares the means of two unrelated groups to see if they differ significantly. A paired sample t-test compares the means of the same group on two different occasions to determine if there is a significant difference between the means.

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136 views4 pages

One Sample T-Test:: Purpose: The One-Sample T Test Compares The Mean Score of A Sample To A Population Mean. Hypotheses

The document provides information about one-sample t-tests, two-sample independent t-tests, and paired sample t-tests. A one-sample t-test compares a sample mean to a population mean to determine if they are significantly different. A two-sample independent t-test compares the means of two unrelated groups to see if they differ significantly. A paired sample t-test compares the means of the same group on two different occasions to determine if there is a significant difference between the means.

Uploaded by

prosmatic
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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One Sample t-Test:

Purpose: The One-Sample T Test compares the mean score of a sample to a population mean. Hypotheses: Null: There is no significant difference between the sample mean and the population mean. Alternate: There is a significant difference between the sample mean and the population mean. First, we see the descriptive statistics.

The mean of our sample is 4.04, which is slightly higher than our population mean of 3.9. Next, we see the results of our one-sample T test:

Our T value is 2.288. We have 112 degrees of freedom. Our significance value is .024. There is a significant difference between the two groups (the significance is less than .05). Therefore, we can say that our sample mean of 4.04 is significantly greater than the population mean of 3.9.

Two Sample t-Tests


Purpose: To compare responses from two groups. These two groups can come from different experimental treatments, or different natural "populations" Independent Sample t-test (Unrelated) Purpose: The Independent Samples T Test compares the mean scores of two groups on a given variable. Hypotheses: Null: The means of the two groups are not significantly different. Alternate: The means of the two groups are significantly different. SPSS Output Following is a sample output of an independent samples T test. We compared the mean blood pressure of patients who received a new drug treatment vs. those who received a placebo (a sugar pill).

First, we see the descriptive statistics for the two groups. We see that the mean for the "New Drug" group is higher than that of the "Placebo" group. That is, people who received the new drug have, on average, higher blood pressure than those who took the placebo.

Next, we see the Levene's Test for Equality of Variances. This tells us if we have met our second assumption (the two groups have approximately equal variance on the dependent variable). If the Levene's Test is significant (the value under "Sig." is less than .05), the two variances are significantly different. If it is not significant (Sig. is greater than .05), the two variances are not significantly different; that is, the two variances are approximately equal. If the Levene's test is not significant, we have met our second assumption. Here, we see that the significance is .448, which is greater than .05. We can assume that the variances are approximately equal. Finally, we see the results of the Independent Samples T Test. Read the TOP line if the variances are approximately equal. Read the BOTTOM line if the variances are not equal. Based on the

results of our Levene's test, we know that we have approximately equal variance, so we will read the top line.

Our T value is 3.796. We have 10 degrees of freedom. There is a significant difference between the two groups (the significance is less than .05).

Dependent (Paired Sample T-Test): The Paired Samples T Test compares the means of two variables. It computes the difference between the two variables for each case, and tests to see if the average difference is significantly different from zero. Hypothesis: Null: There is no significant difference between the means of the two variables. Alternate: There is a significant difference between the means of the two variables. SPSS Output Following is sample output of a paired samples T test. We compared the mean test scores before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the subjects completed a test preparation course. We want to see if our test preparation course improved people's score on the test. First, we see the descriptive statistics for both variables.

The post-test mean scores are higher. Next, we see the correlation between the two variables.

There is a strong positive correlation. People who did well on the pre-test also did well on the post-test. Finally, we see the results of the Paired Samples T Test. Remember, this test is based on the difference between the two variables. Under "Paired Differences" we see the descriptive statistics for the difference between the two variables.

To the right of the Paired Differences, we see the T, degrees of freedom, and significance.

The T value = -2.171 We have 11 degrees of freedom Our significance is .053 If the significance value is less than .05, there is a significant If the significance value is greater than. 05, there is no significant difference.

difference.

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