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    I. Problems of Pronunciation

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    Shinta Ari Herdiana
    This document discusses pronunciation problems in learning a second language and provides information on phonetic transcription and stress patterns in English. It identifies common causes of pronunciation issues, such as differences in sound systems between the first and second languages. It also outlines the organs of speech, places of articulation, segmental and suprasegmental phonemes in English, and patterns of word and sentence stress. Key phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds are defined.

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    I. Problems of Pronunciation

    Uploaded by

    Shinta Ari Herdiana
    72 views6 pages
    This document discusses pronunciation problems in learning a second language and provides information on phonetic transcription and stress patterns in English. It identifies common causes of pronunciation issues, such as differences in sound systems between the first and second languages. It also outlines the organs of speech, places of articulation, segmental and suprasegmental phonemes in English, and patterns of word and sentence stress. Key phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds are defined.

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    Tha_Pronun

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    This document discusses pronunciation problems in learning a second language and provides information on phonetic transcription and stress patterns in English. It identifies common causes of pronunciation issues, such as differences in sound systems between the first and second languages. It also outlines the organs of speech, places of articulation, segmental and suprasegmental phonemes in English, and patterns of word and sentence stress. Key phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds are defined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    72 views6 pages

    I. Problems of Pronunciation

    Uploaded by

    Shinta Ari Herdiana
    This document discusses pronunciation problems in learning a second language and provides information on phonetic transcription and stress patterns in English. It identifies common causes of pronunciation issues, such as differences in sound systems between the first and second languages. It also outlines the organs of speech, places of articulation, segmental and suprasegmental phonemes in English, and patterns of word and sentence stress. Key phonetic symbols and their corresponding sounds are defined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    I.

    PROBLEMS OF PRONUNCIATION
    a. Mother Tongue b. Habit of Mother Tongue c. Different pronunciation between first language and target language (TL)

    II.

    REASONS OF PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS


    a. Different elements between first language and TL. Example : [a] is [a] in Indonesia [a] is [ae] in English b. Different sound systems between first language and TL. Example : Thigh as same /tai/ Indonesia Thigh is /jai/ English

    c. Similar phonetic features but different for distribution between both of languages Example : Bat Pick Cap = = = bad pig cab

    Voiceless

    Voiced

    d. Similar phonetic features but have different allphones. Example : Pill/phil/ Take/thaek/ Aspirated = upper/ ppa(r)/ = but/bt un-aspirated

    e. Similar sound of the phonetic features but different slightly in pronouncing. Example : Twelfths Listening Speaking World

    III.

    PHONETICS TRANSCRIPTIONS A. Short Vowels 1. // 2. // 3. / / 4. // 5. // D. Voiceless Consonants 1. /p/ 2. /t/ 3. /k/ 4. /t/ 5. /f/ 6. // 7. /s/ 8. // E. Voiced Consonants 1. /b/ 2. /d/ 4. /:/ 5. /:/ C. Diphthongs (Double Vowel Sounds) 1. /I/ 2. // 3. /aI/ 4. / I/ 5. /a/ 6. /e/ 7. // 8. /eI/ 3. /d/ 4. /g/ 5. /v/ 6. / / 7. /z/ 8. F. Other Consonants 1. /m/ 2. /n/ 3. // 4. /h/ 5. /e/ 6. /r/ 7. /w/ 8. /j/

    6. /e/ 7. // B. Long Vowels 1. /i:/ 2. /u:/ 3. /:/

    IV.

    Organs Of Speech
    1. Organs of speech are components which the sounds produced related to the characteristics of symbols. 2. The function of organs of speech is to produce the sounds which can be comprehended. 3. There are three main organs of speech : a. Mouth cavity b. Nose cavity c. Throat ( vocal cords ) PLACES OF ARTICULATION

    1. Bilabial 2. Labiodental 3. Dental 4. Alveolar 5. Post-alveolar 6. Palatal 7. Velar 8. Glottal

    : two lips (up-bottom) : /b/, /p/, /m/, /w/. : bottom lip and upper teeth : /f/, /v/. : tip tongue and alveolar ridge : //, //. : tip tongue and hard palate : /t/, /d/, /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /l/ /n/. : tip tongue and rim of tongue and alveolar ridge : /r/ : mid of tongue and alveolar ridge/hard palate : /j/, //, //. : back of tongue and soft palate : /k/, /g/, / /. : vocal cords : /h/.
    4

    V.

    ENGLISH SEGMENTAL AND SUPRA-SEGMENTAL PHONEMES


    1. Segmental Phonemes Example : She datang = [ i:] = /-i/ = [da-tang] = /d-a-t-a-n-g/

    2. Supra-segmental Phonemes a. Pitch Example : bisa tahu bisa tahu

    Verb

    Noun

    b. Intonation Example : Do you know about that ?

    c. Stress Stress word : - contrast : Noun = contrast Verb = contrast Stress sentence : Do you know about that?

    d. Juncture Example : Night rate / nait-rt / open juncture Nitrate / naitrt / close juncture

    VI.

    ENGLISH STRESS (WORD AND SENTENCE)


    1. Word Stress Three degrees of stress in eord a. Primary or strong stress ( ' ) b. Secondary or mediu c. Weak stress 2. Sentence stress a. That is your cr : pr someone to pronun. b. That is yur car : it is meant to emphasize the processor (your) c. d. at s your car : t s at s your car : t s eant to e p as e t e aff r at ve e e ent ( s) eant to e p as e certa n ob ect (t at-car) ary stress on car t s eant as a usua y way for stress ( ) : Nov : b r : u rant e poss b

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