Configuring On-Demand Routing

First Published: January 1, 1996 Last Updated: July 28, 2009

The On-Demand Routing feature provides IP routing for stub sites, with minimum cost. The cost of a general, dynamic routing protocol is avoided without incurring the configuration and management burden of static routing.

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing section on page 13. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS software image support. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Contents

Prerequisites for Configuring On-Demand Routing, page 2 Restrictions for Configuring On-Demand Routing, page 2 Information About On-Demand Routing, page 2 How to Configure On-Demand Routing, page 3 Configuration Examples for On-Demand Routing, page 10 Additional References, page 11 Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing, page 13

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19962009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Configuring On-Demand Routing Prerequisites for Configuring On-Demand Routing

Prerequisites for Configuring On-Demand Routing

Cisco Discovery Protocol must be enabled.

Restrictions for Configuring On-Demand Routing

No IP routing protocol can be configured on the stub router.

Information About On-Demand Routing

To configure on-demand routing, you should understand the following concepts:

Benefits of On-Demand Routing, page 2 Stub Networks, page 2 Overview of On-Demand Routing, page 3

Benefits of On-Demand Routing

This module describes how to configure On-Demand Routing (ODR). The ODR feature provides IP routing for stub sites, with minimum cost. The cost of a general, dynamic routing protocol is avoided without incurring the configuration and management burden of static routing.

Stub Networks
A stub router can be considered a spoke router in a hub-and-spoke network topologyas shown in Figure 1where the only router to which the spoke is adjacent is the hub router. In such a network topology, the IP routing information required to represent this topology is fairly simple. These stub routers commonly have a WAN connection to the hub router, and a small number of LAN network segments (stub networks) are directly connected to the stub router. These stub networks might consist only of end systems and the stub router, and therefore do not require the stub router to learn any dynamic IP routing information.

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

Figure 1

Hub-And-Spoke Network Topology Example

Overview of On-Demand Routing

ODR allows you to easily install IP stub networks where the hubs dynamically maintain routes to the stub networks. This installation is accomplished without requiring the configuration of an IP routing protocol on the stubs. In fact, from the standpoint of ODR, a router is automatically considered to be a stub when no IP routing protocols have been configured. A stub router that supports the ODR feature advertises IP prefixes corresponding to the IP networks configured on all directly connected interfaces. If the interface has multiple logical IP networks configured, only the primary IP network is advertised through ODR. Because ODR advertises IP prefixes and not simply IP network numbers, ODR is able to carry variable-length subnet mask (VLSM) information. Once ODR is enabled on a hub router, the hub router begins installing stub network routes in the IP forwarding table. The hub router also can be configured to redistribute these routes into any configured dynamic IP routing protocols. ODR uses the Cisco Discovery Protocol to carry minimal routing information between the hub and stub routers. The stub routers send IP prefixes to the hub router. The hub router provides default route information to the stub routers, thereby eliminating the need to configure a default route on each stub router.

How to Configure On-Demand Routing

This section contains the following tasks:

Enabling ODR, page 4 (required) Disabling the Propagation of ODR Stub Routing Information, page 4 (optional) Disabling the Propagation of ODR Stub Routing Information on a Specified Interface, page 5 (optional) Filtering ODR Information, page 6 (optional)

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

Redistributing ODR Information into the Dynamic Routing Protocol of the Hub, page 7 (optional) Reconfiguring Cisco Discovery Protocol or ODR Timers, page 8 (optional) Using Dialer Map Statements to Direct Cisco Discovery Protocol Broadcast Packets, page 9 (optional)

Enabling ODR
Once ODR is enabled on a hub router, the hub router begins installing stub network routes in the IP forwarding table. The hub router also can be configured to redistribute these routes into any configured dynamic IP routing protocols. To enable ODR on a hub router, perform the steps in this task.

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3.

enable configure terminal router odr

DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3

router odr

Enables ODR on a Cisco router, and places the router in router configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config)# router odr

Disabling the Propagation of ODR Stub Routing Information

ODR uses Cisco Discovery Protocol to carry minimal routing information between the hub and stub routers, allowing stub routers to send IP prefixes to the hub router. Perform the steps in this task to disable the propagation of ODR stub routing information by disabling CDP.

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3.

enable configure terminal no cdp run

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3

no cdp run

Disables Cisco Discovery Protocol.

Example:
Router(config)# no cdp run

Disabling the Propagation of ODR Stub Routing Information on a Specified Interface

On stub routers that support the ODR feature, the stub router advertises IP prefixes corresponding to the IP networks configured on all directly connected interfaces. Perform the steps in this task to disable the propagation of ODR stub routing information on a specified interface.

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3. 4.

enable configure terminal interface type number [name-tag] no cdp enable

DETAILED STEPS Command or Action

Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

Command or Action
Step 3
interface type number [name-tag]

Purpose Configures an interface type and enters interface configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config)# interface Ethernet 0/0

Step 4

no cdp enable

Disables Cisco Discovery Protocol on an interface.

Example:
Router(config-if)# no cdp enable

Filtering ODR Information To filter ODR information, perform the steps in this task.

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

enable configure terminal access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log] access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log] access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log] router odr distribute-list [[access-list-number | name] | [route-map map-tag]] in [interface-type | interface-number]

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3

access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log]

Access-list 101 permits the IP address 10.48.0.3.

Example:
Router(config)# access-list 101 permit 10.48.0.3

Step 4

access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log]

Access-list 101 denies the IP address 10.48.0.0 0.0.255.255.

Example:
Router(config)# access-list 101 deny 10.48.0.0 0.0.255.255

Step 5

access-list access-list-number {deny | permit} source [source-wildcard] [log]

Access-list 101 permits the IP address 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255.

Example:
Router(config)# access-list 101 permit 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255

Step 6

router odr

Enables ODR, and enters router configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config)# router odr

Step 7

distribute-list [[access-list-number | name] | [route-map map-tag]] in [interface-type | interface-number]

Filters ODR information on the hub router.

Example:
Router(config-router)# distribute-list 101 in

Redistributing ODR Information into the Dynamic Routing Protocol of the Hub
The exact command syntax needed to redistribute ODR information into the dynamic routing protocol of the hub depends upon the routing protocol into which ODR is being redistributed. See the Redistributing Routing Information section in the Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features module for further information.

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

Reconfiguring Cisco Discovery Protocol or ODR Timers

By default, Cisco Discovery Protocol sends updates every 60 seconds. This update interval may not be frequent enough to provide fast reconvergence of IP routes on the hub router side of the network. A faster reconvergence rate may be necessary if the stub connects to one of several hub routers via asynchronous interfaces such as modem lines. ODR expects to receive periodic Cisco Discovery Protocol updates containing IP prefix information. When ODR fails to receive such updates for routes that it has installed in the routing table, these ODR routes are first marked invalid and eventually removed from the routing table. (By default, ODR routes are marked invalid after 180 seconds and are removed from the routing table after 240 seconds.) These defaults are based on the default Cisco Discovery Protocol update interval. Configuration changes made to either the Cisco Discovery Protocol or ODR timers should be reflected through changes made to both. To reconfigure Cisco Discovery Protocol or ODR timers, perform the steps in this task.

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

enable configure terminal cdp timer seconds router odr timers basic update invalid holddown flush [sleeptime]

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action
Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3

cdp timer seconds

Specifies how often the Cisco IOS software sends Cisco Discovery Protocol updates.

Example:
Router(config)# cdp timer 80

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Configuring On-Demand Routing How to Configure On-Demand Routing

Command or Action
Step 4
router odr

Purpose Enables ODR, and enters router configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config)# router odr

Step 5

timers basic update invalid holddown flush [sleeptime]

Adjusts ODR network timers.

Example:
Router(config-router)# timers basic 5 15 15 30

Using Dialer Map Statements to Direct Cisco Discovery Protocol Broadcast Packets
For interfaces that specify dialer mappings, Cisco Discovery Protocol packets will make use of dialer map configuration statements that pertain to the IP protocol. Because Cisco Discovery Protocol packets are always broadcast packets, these dialer map statements must handle broadcast packets, typically through use of the dialer map command with the broadcast keyword. The dialer string command in interface configuration mode may also be used. On dial-on-demand (DDR) routing interfaces, certain kinds of packets can be classified as interesting. These interesting packets can cause a DDR connection to be made or cause the idle timer of a DDR interface to be reset. For the purposes of DDR classification, Cisco Discovery Protocol packets are considered uninteresting. This classification occurs even while Cisco Discovery Protocol is making use of dialer map statements for IP, where IP packets are classified as interesting. The following task describes how to use dialer map statements to direct Cisco Discovery Protocol broadcast packets:

SUMMARY STEPS
1. 2. 3. 4.

enable configure terminal interface type number [name-tag] dialer map protocol-keyword protocol-next-hop-address [broadcast | class dialer-map-class-name | modem-script modem-regular-expression | vrf vrf-name | name host-name | spc | speed 56 | speed 64 | system-script system-regular-expression | dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]] or dialer string dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]

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Configuring On-Demand Routing Configuration Examples for On-Demand Routing

DETAILED STEPS
Command or Action
Step 1
enable

Purpose Enables privileged EXEC mode.

Enter your password if prompted.

Example:
Router> enable

Step 2

configure terminal

Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3

interface type number [name-tag]

Configures an interface type, and enters interface configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config)# interface async 1

Step 4

dialer map protocol-keyword protocol-next-hop-address [broadcast | class dialer-map-class-name | modem-script modem-regular-expression | vrf vrf-name | name host-name | spc | speed 56 | speed 64 | system-script system-regular-expression | dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]]

Configures an asynchronous interface to call multiple sites or to receive calls from multiple sites. Specifies the string (telephone number) to be called for interfaces calling a single site.

or
dialer string dial-string[:isdn-subaddress]

Example:
Router(config)# dialer map ip 172.19.2.5 speed 56

Configuration Examples for On-Demand Routing

This section provides the following ODR configuration examples:

Enabling ODR and Filtering ODR Information: Example, page 10 Disabling ODR on a Specified Interface: Example, page 11

Enabling ODR and Filtering ODR Information: Example

The following example shows how to enable ODR on a Cisco router and enable filtering of ODR information. The configuration example for filtering ODR information causes the hub router to accept only advertisements for IP prefixes about (or subnets of) the Class C network 192.168.1.0:
Router(config)# access-list 101 permit ip host 10.0.0.1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 Router(config)# access-list 101 permit ip 10.0.10.2 255.0.0.0 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 Router(config)# router odr Router(config-router)# distribute-list 101 in Router(config-router)# exit

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Configuring On-Demand Routing Additional References

Disabling ODR on a Specified Interface: Example

The following example shows how to disable ODR on an interface:
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# interface Ethernet 0/0 Router(config-if)# no cdp enable

Additional References
The following sections provide references related to the ODR feature.

Related Documents
Related Topic Redistributing ODR information into the dynamic routing protocol of the hub. Cisco Discovery Protocol features ODR commands Document Title Redistributing Routing Information section in the Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Configuration Guide Using Cisco Discovery Protocol chapter of the Cisco IOS Network Management Configuration Guide On-Demand Routing Commands chapter of the Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Command Reference

Standards
Standard Title

No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature.

MIBs
MIB No new or modified MIBs are supported, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified. MIBs Link To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

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Configuring On-Demand Routing Additional References

RFCs
RFC No new or modified RFCs are supported by this feature, and support for existing RFCs has not been modified by this feature. Title

Technical Assistance
Description The Cisco Support website provides extensive online resources, including documentation and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. To receive security and technical information about your products, you can subscribe to various services, such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. Link http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

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Configuring On-Demand Routing Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing

Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing

Table 1 lists the features in this module and provides links to specific configuration information. Only features that were introduced or modified in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(1) or a later release appear in the table. For information on a feature in this technology that is not documented here, see the Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Configuration Guide. Not all commands may be available in your Cisco IOS software release. For release information about a specific command, see the command reference documentation. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and software image support. Cisco Feature Navigator enables you to determine which Cisco IOS and Catalyst OS software images support a specific software release, feature set, or platform. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to http://www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Note

Table 1 lists only the Cisco IOS software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given Cisco IOS software release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that Cisco IOS software release train also support that feature.

Table 1

Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing

Feature Name On-Demand Routing

Releases 10.0 12.2(1) 12.2(2)T

Feature Information The On-Demand Routing (ODR) feature provides IP routing for stub sites, with minimum overhead. This entire document provides information about this feature:

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Configuring On-Demand Routing Feature Information for Configuring On-Demand Routing

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