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Assignment 4: December 14th 2011

The document is a student assignment that analyzes the costs of a coal steam plant and a gas steam plant. It finds that the coal plant has higher fixed costs but lower variable costs than the gas plant. The break-even point where the total costs are equal is at 3996 hours of operation per year. For loads requiring over 3996 hours, the coal plant is more cost effective, so it should be sized to handle the base load of 3000 MW. The gas plant should handle the remaining 2000 MW peak load.

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41 views6 pages

Assignment 4: December 14th 2011

The document is a student assignment that analyzes the costs of a coal steam plant and a gas steam plant. It finds that the coal plant has higher fixed costs but lower variable costs than the gas plant. The break-even point where the total costs are equal is at 3996 hours of operation per year. For loads requiring over 3996 hours, the coal plant is more cost effective, so it should be sized to handle the base load of 3000 MW. The gas plant should handle the remaining 2000 MW peak load.

Uploaded by

borgeren
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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31742

Assignment 4

s031802 Loui Algren

December 14th 2011

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Contents
Question 1 (i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix A q1.m 1 1 1 1 4

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Question 1
(i)
The annualized xed costs is F ixedCost = CapitalCost F CR $216 $1800 0.12 = F ixedCost[coal] = kW year kW year F ixedCost[gas] = $96 $800 0.12 = kW year kW year

The annualized variable costs is calculated as follows V ariableCost = (HeatRate F uelCost + O&M ) 8760hours CF 9800Btu $1.4 106 $0.004 $124.18 V ariableCost[coal] = + 8760hours 0.8 = kW h Btu kW h kW year V ariableCost[gas] = 9500Btu $4.5 106 $0.005 + kW h Btu kW h 8760hours 0.8 = $334.63 kW year

It is seen that the coal steam plant has much higher xed costs than the gas steam plant. On the other hand the coal steam plant has much lower variable costs than the gas steam plant.

(ii)
In gure 1 is shown the the price of power as a function of the amount for both plants. The coal steam plant is red and gas steam plant is green. It is seen that if it runs more than 3996 full load hours then the coal steam plant is the cheapest whereas if it runs less than 3996 hours a year, the gas steam plant is the cheaper solution. The load duration curve is shown in gure 2. The coal steam plant is the base load and should be dimensioned to full demand at least 3996 full load hours a year. This means that it should be dimensioned to have a capacity of 3000M W . The gas steam plant should then be dimensioned to cover the peak load which is the remaining 2000M W when the demand is 5000M W . The optimal capacity of each plant is OptimalCapacity[coal] = 3000M W OptimalCapacity[gas] = 2000M W If the peak load had been for more than 3996 hours, the optimal capacity would be for the coal steam plant to cover all 5000M W and there would be no gas steam plant in the system. The calculations made in this assignment were done in the Matlab script, q1.m, which can be found in Appendix.

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

550

500

450

400 Price pr. Unit Power [$/kW]

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

1000

2000

3000

4000 5000 Time [hours]

6000

7000

8000

9000

Figure 1: Cost: The coal steam plant is red and the gas steam plan is green

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

6000

5000

4000

Load [MW]

3000

2000

1000

1000

2000

3000

4000 5000 Time [hours]

6000

7000

8000

9000

Figure 2: Simplied load duration curve

A Q1.M

A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

q1.m
clear a l l ; close a l l ; clc ; cap_coal = 1800; cap_gas = 800; heatr_coal = 9800; heatr_gas = 9500; fuelc_coal = 1.4; fuelc_gas = 4.5; om_coal = 0.004; % om_gas = 0.005; % FCR = 0.12; CF = 0.8; % $/kW % $/kW % Btu/kWh % Btu/kWh % $/million Btu % $/million Btu $/kWh $/kWh % /year % % $/kW/year % $/kW/year % $/kW/year % $/kW/year

fixc_coal = cap_coal * FCR ; fixc_gas = cap_gas * FCR ;

varc_coal = ( heatr_coal * fuelc_coal *10^ -6+ om_coal )*8760* CF ; varc_gas = ( heatr_gas * fuelc_gas *10^ -6+ om_gas )*8760* CF ;

h =0:8760; cost_coal = fixc_coal +( heatr_coal * fuelc_coal *10^ -6+ om_coal )* h ; cost_gas = fixc_gas +( heatr_gas * fuelc_gas *10^ -6+ om_gas )* h ; f i g u r e (1) plot (h , cost_coal , r ,h , cost_gas , g ); xlabel ( Time [ hours ] ) ylabel ( Price pr . Unit Power [ $ / kW ] ) print - dpdf cost % crosses 3996.004h peak =5000; %MW peakh =3000; %hours base =3000; %MW baseh =5760; %hours ph =1: peakh ; pl = peak * ones (1 , length ( ph )); bh = peakh : baseh + peakh ; bl = base * ones (1 , length ( bh )); f i g u r e (2) plot ( ph , pl , g ,bh , bl , r ); ylim ([0 6000]); xlabel ( Time [ hours ] ) ylabel ( Load [ MW ] ) print - dpdf demand

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