MP2307

3A, 23V, 340KHz Synchronous Rectified Step-Down Converter

The Future of Analog IC Technology

DESCRIPTION
The MP2307 is a monolithic synchronous buck regulator. The device integrates 100m MOSFETS that provide 3A of continuous load current over a wide operating input voltage of 4.75V to 23V. Current mode control provides fast transient response and cycle-by-cycle current limit. An adjustable soft-start prevents inrush current at turn-on and in shutdown mode, the supply current drops below 1A. This device, available in an 8-pin SOIC package, provides a very compact system solution with minimal reliance on external components.

FEATURES
3A Continuous Output Current 4A Peak Output Current Wide 4.75V to 23V Operating Input Range Integrated 100m Power MOSFET Switches Output Adjustable from 0.925V to 20V Up to 95% Efficiency Programmable Soft-Start Stable with Low ESR Ceramic Output Capacitors Fixed 340KHz Frequency Cycle-by-Cycle Over Current Protection Input Under Voltage Lockout Thermally Enhanced 8-Pin SOIC Package Distributed Power Systems Networking Systems FPGA, DSP, ASIC Power Supplies Green Electronics/Appliances Notebook Computers

APPLICATIONS

EVALUATION BOARD REFERENCE

Board Number EV2307DN-00A Dimensions 2.0X x 1.5Y x 0.5Z

MPS and The Future of Analog IC Technology are Registered Trademarks of Monolithic Power Systems, Inc.

TYPICAL APPLICATION
INPUT 4.75V to 23V C5 10nF
100 95
2 7 IN EN 1 BS SW

Efficiency vs Load Current

VIN = 5V VIN = 12V VIN = 23V 90
EFFICIENCY (%)

MP2307
SS GND 4 FB COMP 6

OUTPUT 3.3V 3A

85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 0.1 1.0 LOAD CURRENT (A) 10

C3 3.9nF

MP2307_EC01

MP2307_TAC01

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

PACKAGE REFERENCE
TOP VIEW
BS IN SW GND 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 SS EN COMP FB

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)

Supply Voltage VIN ....................... 0.3V to +26V Switch Voltage VSW ................. 1V to VIN + 0.3V Boost Voltage VBS ..........VSW 0.3V to VSW + 6V All Other Pins................................. 0.3V to +6V Junction Temperature...............................150C Lead Temperature ....................................260C Storage Temperature .............65C to +150C

Recommended Operating Conditions

(2)

EXPOSED PAD ON BACKSIDE

MP2307_PD01_SOIC8N

Input Voltage VIN ............................ 4.75V to 23V Output Voltage VOUT .................... 0.925V to 20V Ambient Operating Temp .............. 40C to +85C

Thermal Resistance
Part Number* MP2307DN * Package SOIC8N (Exposed Pad) Temperature

(3)

SOIC8N .................................. 50 ...... 10... C/W

JA

JC

40 to +85C

Maximum Power Dissipation Operating

(TA=25C) (4) SOIC8N , POUT ....................... .......... ........ 2W
Notes:
1) 2) 3) Exceeding these ratings may damage the device. The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. Measured on approximately 1 square of 1 oz copper. Derating 20mW/C at TA > 25C

For Tape & Reel, add suffix Z (eg. MP2307DNZ) For Lead Free, add suffix LF (eg. MP2307DNLFZ)

4)

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 12V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter Shutdown Supply Current Supply Current Feedback Voltage Feedback Overvoltage Threshold Error Amplifier Voltage Gain (5) Error Amplifier Transconductance High-Side Switch On-Resistance
(5)

Symbol

Condition VEN = 0V VEN = 2.0V, VFB = 1.0V

Min

Typ 0.3 1.3

Max 3.0 1.5 0.950

Units A mA V V V/V A/V m m

VFB AEA GEA RDS(ON)1 RDS(ON)2

4.75V VIN 23V

0.900

0.925 1.1 400

IC = 10A

820 100 100

Low-Side Switch On-Resistance (5) High-Side Switch Leakage Current Upper Switch Current Limit Lower Switch Current Limit COMP to Current Sense Transconductance Oscillation Frequency Short Circuit Oscillation Frequency Maximum Duty Cycle Minimum On Time (5) EN Shutdown Threshold Voltage EN Shutdown Threshold Voltage Hysterisis

VEN = 0V, VSW = 0V Minimum Duty Cycle From Drain to Source GCS Fosc1 Fosc2 DMAX TON VEN Rising 1.1 VFB = 0V VFB = 1.0V 300 4.0

0 5.8 0.9 5.2 340 110 90 220 1.5 220

10

A A A A/V

380

KHz KHz % ns

2.0

V mV

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

VIN = 12V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter EN Lockout Threshold Voltage EN Lockout Hysterisis Input Under Voltage Lockout Threshold Input Under Voltage Lockout Threshold Hysteresis Soft-Start Current Soft-Start Period Thermal Shutdown (5)
Note: 5) Guaranteed by design, not tested.

Symbol Condition

Min 2.2

Typ 2.5 210 4.05 210

Max 2.7 4.40

Units V mV V mV A ms C

VIN Rising

3.80

VSS = 0V CSS = 0.1F

6 15 160

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

C1 = 2 x 10F, C2 = 2 x 22F, L= 10H, CSS= 0.1F, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.
Steady State Test Waveforms
VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 0A
VIN 20mV/div. VOUT 20mV/div. VSW 10V/div. IL 1A/div. VIN 200mV/div. VOUT 20MV/div. VSW V/div. IL 2A/div. IL 1A/div. VSW 10V/div.

Steady State Test Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 3A
VEN 5V/div. VOUT 2V/div.

Startup through Enable Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, No Load

2ms/div.
MP2307-TPC01 MP2307-TPC02 MP2307-TPC03

Startup Through Enable Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 3A (Resistance Load)
VEN 5V/div. VOUT 2V/div. IL 2A/div. VSW 10V/div. VEN 5V/div. VOUT 2V/div. IL 1A/div. VSW 10V/div.

Shutdown Through Enable Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, No Load
VEN 5V/div.

Shutdown Through Enable Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 3A (Resistance Load)

VOUT 2V/div. IL 2A/div. VSW 10V/div.

2ms/div.
MP2307-TP04

2ms/div.
MP2307-TPC05 MP2307-TPC06

Load Transient Test Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V, IOUT = 1A to 2A step
VOUT 200mV/div. VOUT 2V/div. IL 1A/div. ILOAD 1A/div. IL 2A/div.

Short Circuit Test Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V

Short Circuit Recovery Waveforms

VIN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V

VOUT 2V/div.

IL 2A/div.

MP2307 -TPC07

MP2307-TPC08

MP2307-TPC09

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

PIN FUNCTIONS
Pin # 1 2 Name BS IN Description High-Side Gate Drive Boost Input. BS supplies the drive for the high-side N-Channel MOSFET switch. Connect a 0.01F or greater capacitor from SW to BS to power the high side switch. Power Input. IN supplies the power to the IC, as well as the step-down converter switches. Drive IN with a 4.75V to 23V power source. Bypass IN to GND with a suitably large capacitor to eliminate noise on the input to the IC. See Input Capacitor. Power Switching Output. SW is the switching node that supplies power to the output. Connect the output LC filter from SW to the output load. Note that a capacitor is required from SW to BS to power the high-side switch. Ground (Connect the exposed pad to Pin 4). Feedback Input. FB senses the output voltage and regulates it. Drive FB with a resistive voltage divider connected to it from the output voltage. The feedback threshold is 0.925V. See Setting the Output Voltage. Compensation Node. COMP is used to compensate the regulation control loop. Connect a series RC network from COMP to GND. In some cases, an additional capacitor from COMP to GND is required. See Compensation Components. Enable Input. EN is a digital input that turns the regulator on or off. Drive EN high to turn on the regulator; low to turn it off. Attach to IN with a 100k pull up resistor for automatic startup. Soft-Start Control Input. SS controls the soft-start period. Connect a capacitor from SS to GND to set the soft-start period. A 0.1F capacitor sets the soft-start period to 15ms. To disable the soft-start feature, leave SS unconnected.

3 4 5

SW GND FB

6 7 8

COMP EN SS

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

OPERATION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The MP2307 regulates input voltages from 4.75V to 23V down to an output voltage as low as 0.925V, and supplies up to 3A of load current. The MP2307 uses current-mode control to regulate the output voltage. The output voltage is measured at FB through a resistive voltage divider and amplified through the internal transconductance error amplifier. The voltage at the COMP pin is compared to the switch current (measured internally) to control the output voltage.
+ OVP 1.1V FB 5 0.3V -OSCILLATOR + 110/340KHz ---SS 8 0.925V + + ERROR AMPLIFIER + S R Q Q 3 SW RAMP CLK CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER 2 + -1 BS 5V IN

The converter uses internal N-Channel MOSFET switches to step-down the input voltage to the regulated output voltage. Since the high side MOSFET requires a gate voltage greater than the input voltage, a boost capacitor connected between SW and BS is needed to drive the high side gate. The boost capacitor is charged from the internal 5V rail when SW is low. When the FB pin voltage exceeds 20% of the nominal regulation value of 0.925V, the over voltage comparator is tripped and the COMP pin and the SS pin are discharged to GND, forcing the high-side switch off.

CURRENT COMPARATOR

COMP 6 EN 7 2.5V -4 EN OK LOCKOUT COMPARATOR 1.2V OVP IN < 4.10V IN 7V Zener 1.5V + -INTERNAL REGULATORS SHUTDOWN COMPARATOR
MP2307_BD01

GND

Figure 1Functional Block Diagram

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
COMPONENT SELECTION
Setting the Output Voltage The output voltage is set using a resistive voltage divider connected from the output voltage to FB. The voltage divider divides the output voltage down to the feedback voltage by the ratio:
VFB = VOUT R2 R1 + R2

The inductance value can be calculated by:

L= VOUT V 1 OUT f S I L VIN

Where VOUT is the output voltage, VIN is the input voltage, fS is the switching frequency, and IL is the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current. Choose an inductor that will not saturate under the maximum inductor peak current, calculated by:
ILP = ILOAD + VOUT V 1 OUT 2 fS L VIN

Thus the output voltage is:

VOUT = 0.925 R1 + R2 R2

R2 can be as high as 100k, but a typical value is 10k. Using the typical value for R2, R1 is determined by:
R1 = 10.81 ( VOUT 0.925 ) (k)

Where ILOAD is the load current. The choice of which style inductor to use mainly depends on the price vs. size requirements and any EMI constraints. Optional Schottky Diode During the transition between the high-side switch and low-side switch, the body diode of the low-side power MOSFET conducts the inductor current. The forward voltage of this body diode is high. An optional Schottky diode may be paralleled between the SW pin and GND pin to improve overall efficiency. Table 2 lists example Schottky diodes and their Manufacturers. Table 2Diode Selection Guide
Part Number B130 SK13 MBRS130 Voltage/Current Rating 30V, 1A 30V, 1A 30V, 1A Vendor Diodes, Inc. Diodes, Inc. International Rectifier

For example, for a 3.3V output voltage, R2 is 10k, and R1 is 26.1k. Table 1 lists recommended resistance values of R1 and R2 for standard output voltages. Table 1Recommended Resistance Values
VOUT 1.8V 2.5V 3.3V 5V 12V R1 9.53k 16.9k 26.1k 44.2k 121k R2 10k 10k 10k 10k 10k

Inductor The inductor is required to supply constant current to the load while being driven by the switched input voltage. A larger value inductor will result in less ripple current that will in turn result in lower output ripple voltage. However, the larger value inductor will have a larger physical size, higher series resistance, and/or lower saturation current. A good rule for determining inductance is to allow the peak-topeak ripple current to be approximately 30% of the maximum switch current limit. Also, make sure that the peak inductor current is below the maximum switch current limit.

Input Capacitor The input current to the step-down converter is discontinuous, therefore a capacitor is required to supply the AC current while maintaining the DC input voltage. Use low ESR capacitors for the best performance. Ceramic capacitors are preferred, but tantalum or low-ESR electrolytic capacitors will also suffice. Choose X5R or X7R dielectrics when using ceramic capacitors.

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER Since the input capacitor (C1) absorbs the input switching current, it requires an adequate ripple current rating. The RMS current in the input capacitor can be estimated by:
I C1 = ILOAD VOUT VOUT 1 VIN VIN

When using tantalum or electrolytic capacitors, the ESR dominates the impedance at the switching frequency. For simplification, the output ripple can be approximated to:
VOUT = VOUT V 1 OUT fS L VIN R ESR

The worst-case condition occurs at VIN = 2VOUT, where IC1 = ILOAD/2. For simplification, use an input capacitor with a RMS current rating greater than half of the maximum load current. The input capacitor can be electrolytic, tantalum or ceramic. When using electrolytic or tantalum capacitors, a small, high quality ceramic capacitor, i.e. 0.1F, should be placed as close to the IC as possible. When using ceramic capacitors, make sure that they have enough capacitance to provide sufficient charge to prevent excessive voltage ripple at input. The input voltage ripple for low ESR capacitors can be estimated by:
VIN = ILOAD V OUT C1 fS VIN V 1 OUT VIN

The characteristics of the output capacitor also affect the stability of the regulation system. The MP2307 can be optimized for a wide range of capacitance and ESR values. Compensation Components MP2307 employs current mode control for easy compensation and fast transient response. The system stability and transient response are controlled through the COMP pin. COMP is the output of the internal transconductance error amplifier. A series capacitor-resistor combination sets a pole-zero combination to govern the characteristics of the control system. The DC gain of the voltage feedback loop is given by:
A VDC = R LOAD G CS A EA VFB VOUT

Where C1 is the input capacitance value. Output Capacitor The output capacitor (C2) is required to maintain the DC output voltage. Ceramic, tantalum, or low ESR electrolytic capacitors are recommended. Low ESR capacitors are preferred to keep the output voltage ripple low. The output voltage ripple can be estimated by:
VOUT = VOUT V 1 OUT fS L VIN 1 R ESR + 8 f S C2

Where VFB is the feedback voltage (0.925V), AVEA is the error amplifier voltage gain, GCS is the current sense transconductance and RLOAD is the load resistor value. The system has two poles of importance. One is due to the compensation capacitor (C3) and the output resistor of the error amplifier, and the other is due to the output capacitor and the load resistor. These poles are located at:
fP1 = fP2 = GEA 2 C3 A VEA 1 2 C2 R LOAD

Where C2 is the output capacitance value and RESR is the equivalent series resistance (ESR) value of the output capacitor. When using ceramic capacitors, the impedance at the switching frequency is dominated by the capacitance which is the main cause for the output voltage ripple. For simplification, the output voltage ripple can be estimated by:
VOUT = VOUT 8 fS
2

Where GEA is the error amplifier transconductance.

V 1 OUT VIN L C2

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER The system has one zero of importance, due to the compensation capacitor (C3) and the compensation resistor (R3). This zero is located at:
f Z1 = 1 2 C3 R3

2. Choose the compensation capacitor (C3) to achieve the desired phase margin. For applications with typical inductor values, setting the compensation zero (fZ1) below one-forth of the crossover frequency provides sufficient phase margin. Determine C3 by the following equation:
C3 > 4 2 R3 f C

The system may have another zero of importance, if the output capacitor has a large capacitance and/or a high ESR value. The zero, due to the ESR and capacitance of the output capacitor, is located at:
fESR 1 = 2 C2 R ESR

Where R3 is the compensation resistor. 3. Determine if the second compensation capacitor (C6) is required. It is required if the ESR zero of the output capacitor is located at less than half of the switching frequency, or the following relationship is valid:
f 1 < S 2 C2 R ESR 2

In this case, a third pole set by compensation capacitor (C6) and compensation resistor (R3) is used compensate the effect of the ESR zero on loop gain. This pole is located at:
fP 3 = 1 2 C6 R3

the the to the

The goal of compensation design is to shape the converter transfer function to get a desired loop gain. The system crossover frequency where the feedback loop has the unity gain is important. Lower crossover frequencies result in slower line and load transient responses, while higher crossover frequencies could cause system instability. A good standard is to set the crossover frequency below one-tenth of the switching frequency. To optimize the compensation components, the following procedure can be used. 1. Choose the compensation resistor (R3) to set the desired crossover frequency. Determine R3 by the following equation:
R3 = 2 C2 fC VOUT 2 C2 0.1 fS VOUT < GEA GCS VFB GEA GCS VFB

If this is the case, then add the second compensation capacitor (C6) to set the pole fP3 at the location of the ESR zero. Determine C6 by the equation:
C6 = C2 R ESR R3

PCB Layout Guide PCB layout is very important to achieve stable operation. It is highly recommended to duplicate EVB layout for optimum performance. If change is necessary, please follow these guidelines and take Figure2 for reference. 1) Keep the path of switching current short and minimize the loop area formed by Input cap., high-side MOSFET and low-side MOSFET. Bypass ceramic capacitors are suggested to be put close to the Vin Pin. Ensure all feedback connections are short and direct. Place the feedback resistors and compensation components as close to the chip as possible. ROUT SW away from sensitive analog areas such as FB.

2) 3)

Where fC is the desired crossover frequency which is typically below one tenth of the switching frequency.

4)

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER 5) Connect IN, SW, and especially GND respectively to a large copper area to cool the chip to improve thermal performance and long-term reliability. External Bootstrap Diode An external bootstrap diode may enhance the efficiency of the regulator, the applicable conditions of external BS diode are: VOUT is 5V or 3.3V; and Duty cycle is high: D=
VOUT >65% VIN

In these cases, an external BS diode is recommended from the output of the voltage regulator to BS pin, as shown in Figure3
External BST Diode IN4148 BS

MP2307
SW

CBST 5V or 3.3V COUT

Figure 3Add Optional External Bootstrap Diode to Enhance Efficiency The recommended external BS diode is IN4148, and the BS cap is 0.1~1F. TOP Layer

Bottom Layer Figure 2PCB Layout (Double Layer)

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT

INPUT 4.75V to 23V C5 10nF

2 7 IN EN

1 BS SW 3

MP2307
SS GND 4 FB COMP 6

OUTPUT 3.3V 3A

C6
(optional)

C3 3.9nF

D1 B130
(optional)

MP2307_F03

Figure 4MP2307 with 3.3V Output, 22uF/6.3V Ceramic Output Capacitor

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MP2307 3A, 23V, 340KHz SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIED STEP-DOWN CONVERTER

PACKAGE INFORMATION
SOIC8N (EXPOSED PAD)
0.189(4.80) 0.197(5.00) 8 5 0.124(3.15) 0.136(3.45)

PIN 1 ID

0.150(3.80) 0.157(4.00)

0.228(5.80) 0.244(6.20)

0.089(2.26) 0.101(2.56)

TOP VIEW

BOTTOM VIEW

SEE DETAIL "A" 0.051(1.30) 0.067(1.70) SEATING PLANE 0.000(0.00) 0.006(0.15) 0.050(1.27) BSC

0.0075(0.19) 0.0098(0.25)

0.013(0.33) 0.020(0.51)

SIDE VIEW

FRONT VIEW
GAUGE PLANE 0.010(0.25) BSC

0.010(0.25) x 45o 0.020(0.50)

0.024(0.61) 0.063(1.60)

0.050(1.27) 0o-8o

0.016(0.41) 0.050(1.27)

DETAIL "A"
0.103(2.62) 0.213(5.40)

NOTE:
1) CONTROL DIMENSION IS IN INCHES. DIMENSION IN BRACKET IS IN MILLIMETERS. 2) PACKAGE LENGTH DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. 3) PACKAGE WIDTH DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. 4) LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING) SHALL BE 0.004" INCHES MAX. 5) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-012, VARIATION BA. 6) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE.

0.138(3.51)

RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN

NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications.
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