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4 - Cyclic Quadrilaterals

1. The document discusses various theorems and properties related to cyclic quadrilaterals, including: the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral being supplementary; the exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral equaling the opposite interior angle; and points being concyclic if an interval subtends equal angles at two points on the same side. 2. Several exercises are provided to prove theorems about cyclic quadrilaterals and concyclic points. 3. Additional properties discussed include relationships involving intersecting circles, parallel lines, isosceles trapezoids, angle bisectors, and points on a circumference.

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2K views4 pages

4 - Cyclic Quadrilaterals

1. The document discusses various theorems and properties related to cyclic quadrilaterals, including: the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral being supplementary; the exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral equaling the opposite interior angle; and points being concyclic if an interval subtends equal angles at two points on the same side. 2. Several exercises are provided to prove theorems about cyclic quadrilaterals and concyclic points. 3. Additional properties discussed include relationships involving intersecting circles, parallel lines, isosceles trapezoids, angle bisectors, and points on a circumference.

Uploaded by

buurning
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Circle Geometry !

Cyclic Quadrilaterals

Cyclic Quadrilateral Theorems 1. (a) The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.

Exercises: 1. Find the values of the pronumerals, showing all reasoning. (a) (b)

Exercise: Prove by joining A and C to the centre, then using Angle Theorem 1. (b) Converse: If the opposite angles in a quadrilateral are supplementary, then the quadrilateral is cyclic (or the vertices of the quadrilateral are concyclic). 2. (a) The exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the opposite interior angle.

Don't use fact that the angle at the centre is twice angle at circumference. 2.

(i) Find the value of x showing all reasoning. (ii) Hence prove that AB || CD. 3.

Exercise: Prove, using theorem 1. (b) Converse: If the exterior angle of a quadrilateral is equal to the opposite interior angle, then the quadrilateral is cyclic. 3. If an interval AB subtends equal angles at two points, C and D, both on the same side of the interval, then the four points A, B, C and D are concyclic. Exercise: Draw a diagram of this situation, and try to understand the theorem in terms of Angle Theorem 2. No Proof is needed.

In the figure, PQ is a diameter of the larger circle and PQR is a straight line. PR RS. Prove that P, T and S are collinear.

4.

7. 8.

Prove that any isosceles trapezium is cyclic. ABCD is a quadrilateral with AD = CD = 5 cm, BC = 3 cm, AB = 8 cm, and 60E Prove that ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.

pBAC =

9.

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. The bisectors of the angles at A and C meet the circle again at E and F. Prove that EF is a diameter of the circle.

10. ABC is an acute angled triangle. The semicircle on BC as diameter meets AB at M and AC at N. MC and NB meet at X. Prove that AMXN is a cyclic quadrilateral. Two circles intersect at two points A and B as shown in the diagram. The diameter of one circle is CA and this line intersects the other circle at A and P. The line CB intersects the second circle at B and Q. Prove that 5. 11.

pCPQ

is a right angle.

In the diagram, (i) Prove that

pRPS = pQTR. pUQR = pUSR.

(ii) Prove that, if a circle can be drawn through Q, R, S and U, then RU is a diameter of this circle.

AE || BC. Prove that 6.

PAE ||| PDA.

12.

Two circles intersect at A and B. PAR and LBN are two straight lines. Prove that PL is parallel to RN.

BE and CF are altitudes of ABC, X is the midpoint of BC. Prove that (i) BFEC is a cyclic quadrilateral (ii) XE = XF (iii) pFXE = 180E ! 2 pBAC.

17. 13.

ABCD is a parallelogram. A circle through A and D cuts AB and CD at Q and P respectively. Prove that BCPQ is a cyclic quadrilateral. P and Q are centres of the circles. PAX and QAY are straight lines. Prove that P, Q, X and Y are concyclic. 14. 18.

AB || CD. Prove that 15.

pBCD = pADC.

AXB, AYC, APQ and BQC are straight lines. Prove that AXPY is a cyclic quadrilateral. 19.

AB = AP. DP = DC. (i) Prove that A, B, C and D are concyclic. (ii) The perpendiculars from A to PB and D to PC meet at E. Prove that E lies on the circle through A, B, C and D. 16. AB is the diameter of a semi-circle. such that D is closer to A than C. foot of the perpendicular from P to (i) Prove that AQPD and BQPC (ii) Prove that PQ bisects C and D are two point on the circumference, P is the intersection of AC and BD. Q is the AB. are cyclic quadrilaterals.

A is the centre of the circle BCP. A lies on another circle BAC. These circles intersect in B and C. PBR is a straight line. Prove that RP = RC.

pDQC.

20. The points A, B and C lie on the circumference of a circle, centre O. X lies on AC. AC bisects (i) Show that

23.

pOCB, and XB pAXB = 2 pACB.

bisects

pOBC.
(ii) Show that AOXB is a cyclic quadrilateral.

AOB and COD are two perpendicular diameters of a circle. Chords CP and CQ cut AB at H and K respectively. Prove that HKQP is a cyclic quadrilateral. (Hint: Join DQ ) 21. 24. A, B and C are three points on the circumference of a circle, centre O. The line through M, the midpoint of AB, parallel to BC, cuts AC at X.

Let BC (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 22.

ABPQC be a circle such that AB = AC, AP meets BC at X, and AQ meets at Y, as in the diagram. Let pBAP = and pABC = . Copy the diagram and state why pAXC = + . Prove that pBQP = . Prove that pBQA = . Prove that PQYX is a cyclic quadrilateral.

(i) Prove that triangles OMA and OMB are congruent. (ii) Show that O, A, M, and X are concyclic. (iii) Find, giving reasons, the size of

pOXA.

Answers: 1. (a) x = 110 2. (i) x = 95 24.

(b) x = 30E

ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. AP, BQ, CR and DS are the bisectors of the angles A, B, C and D respectively. Prove that PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.

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