Pattern Problems

I. Two Pointer Patterns

Pattern 1: Two Pointers - Converging (Sorted Array Target Sum) 1. Two Sum, 11. Container With Most Water, 15. 3Sum, 16. 3Sum Closest, 18. 4Sum, 167. Two Sum II - Input Array Is Sorted, 349. Intersection of Two Arrays, 881. Boats to Save People, 977. Squares of a Sorted Array, 259. 3Sum Smaller
Pattern 2: Two Pointers - Fast & Slow (Cycle Detection) 141. Linked List Cycle, 202. Happy Number, 287. Find the Duplicate Number, 392. Is Subsequence,
Pattern 3: Two Pointers - Fixed Separation (Nth Node from End) 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List, 876. Middle of the Linked List, 2095. Delete the Middle Node of a Linked List
Pattern 4: Two Pointers - In-place Array Modification 26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array, 27. Remove Element, 75. Sort Colors, 80. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II, 283. Move Zeroes, 443. String Compression, 905. Sort Array By Parity, 2337. Move Pieces to Obtain a String, 2938. Separate Black and White Balls
Pattern 5: Two Pointers - String Comparison with Backspaces 844. Backspace String Compare
Pattern 6: Two Pointers - Expanding From Center (Palindromes) 5. Longest Palindromic Substring, 647. Palindromic Substrings
Pattern 7: Two Pointers - String Reversal 151. Reverse Words in a String, 344. Reverse String, 345. Reverse Vowels of a String, 541. Reverse String II
II. Sliding Window Patterns
Pattern 8: Sliding Window - Fixed Size (Subarray Calculation) 346. Moving Average from Data Stream, 643. Maximum Average Subarray I, 2985. Calculate Compressed Mean, 3254. Find the Power of K-Size Subarrays I, 3318. Find X-Sum of All K-Long Subarrays I
Pattern 9: Sliding Window - Variable Size (Condition-Based) 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters, 76. Minimum Window Substring, 209. Minimum Size Subarray Sum, 219. Contains Duplicate II, 424. Longest Repeating Character Replacement, 713. Subarray Product Less Than K, 904. Fruit Into Baskets, 1004. Max Consecutive Ones III, 1438. Longest Continuous Subarray With Absolute Diff Less Than or Equal to Limit, 1493. Longest Subarray of 1's After Deleting One Element, 1 1658. Minimu
Pattern 10: Sliding Window - Monotonic Queue for Max/Min 239. Sliding Window Maximum, 862. Shortest Subarray with Sum at Least K, 1696. Jump Game VI
Pattern 11: Sliding Window - Character Frequency Matching 438. Find All Anagrams in a String, 567. Permutation in String
III. Tree Traversal Patterns (DFS & BFS)
Pattern 12: Tree BFS - Level Order Traversal 102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal, 103. Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal, 199. Binary Tree Right Side View, 515. Find Largest Value in Each Tree Row, 1161. Maximum Level Sum of a Binary Tree
Pattern 13: Tree DFS - Recursive Preorder Traversal 100. Same Tree, 101. Symmetric Tree, 105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal, 114. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List, 226. Invert Binary Tree, 257. Binary Tree Paths, 988. Smallest String Starting From Leaf
Pattern 14: Tree DFS - Recursive Inorder Traversal 94. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal, 98. Validate Binary Search Tree, 173. Binary Search Tree Iterator, 230. Kth Smallest Element in a BST, 501. Find Mode in Binary Search Tree, 530. Minimum Absolute Difference in BST
Pattern 15: Tree DFS - Recursive Postorder Traversal 104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree, 110. Balanced Binary Tree, 124. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum, 145. Binary Tree Postorder Traversal, 337. House Robber III, 366. Find Leaves of Binary Tree, 543. Diameter of Binary Tree, 863. All Nodes Distance K in Binary Tree, 1110. Delete Nodes And Return Forest, 2458. Height of Binary Tree After Subtree Removal Queries
Pattern 17: Tree - Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) Finding 235. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Search Tree, 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
Pattern 18: Tree - Serialization and Deserialization 297. Serialize and Deserialize Binary Tree, 572. Subtree of Another Tree, 652. Find Duplicate Subtrees
IV. Graph Traversal Patterns (DFS & BFS)
Pattern 19: Graph DFS - Connected Components / Island Counting 130. Surrounded Regions, 200. Number of Islands, 417. Pacific Atlantic Water Flow, 547. Number of Provinces, 695. Max Area of Island, 733. Flood Fill, 841. Keys and Rooms, 1020. Number of Enclaves, 1254. Number of Closed Islands, 1905. Count Sub Islands, 2101. Detonate the Maximum Bombs
Pattern 20: Graph BFS - Connected Components / Island Counting 127. Word Ladder, 542. 01 Matrix, 994. Rotting Oranges, 1091. Shortest Path in Binary Matrix
Pattern 21: Graph DFS - Cycle Detection (Directed Graph) 207. Course Schedule, 210. Course Schedule II, 802. Find Eventual Safe States, 1059. All Paths from Source Lead to Destination
Pattern 22: Graph BFS - Topological Sort (Kahn's Algorithm) 207. Course Schedule, 210. Course Schedule II, 269. Alien Dictionary, 310. Minimum Height Trees, 444. Sequence Reconstruction, 1136. Parallel Courses, 1857. Largest Color Value in a Directed Graph, 2050. Parallel Courses III, 2115. Find All Possible Recipes from Given Supplies, 2392. Build a Matrix With Conditions
Pattern 23: Graph - Deep Copy / Cloning 133. Clone Graph
Pattern 24: Graph - Shortest Path (Dijkstra's Algorithm) 743. Network Delay Time, 778. Swim in Rising Water, 1514. Path with Maximum Probability, 1631. Path With Minimum Effort, 1976. Number of Ways to Arrive at Destination, 2045. Second Minimum Time to Reach Destination, 2203. Minimum Weighted Subgraph With the Required Paths, 2290. Minimum Obstacle Removal to Reach Corner, 2577. Minimum Time to Visit a Cell In a Grid, 2812. Find the Safest Path in a Grid
Pattern 25: Graph - Shortest Path (Bellman-Ford / BFS+K) 787. Cheapest Flights Within K Stops
Pattern 26: Graph - Union-Find (Disjoint Set Union - DSU) 200. Number of Islands, 261. Graph Valid Tree, 305. Number of Islands II, 323. Number of Connected Components in an Undirected Graph, 3 547. Number of Provinces, 684. Redundant Connection, 4 721. Accounts Merge, 737. Sentence Similarity II, 947. Most Stones Removed with Same Row or Column, 952. Largest Component Size by Common Factor, 959. Regions Cut By Slashes, 1101. The Earliest Moment When Everyone Become Friends
V. Dynamic Programming (DP) Patterns
Pattern 27: DP - 1D Array (Fibonacci Style) 70. Climbing Stairs, 91. Decode Ways, 198. House Robber, 213. House Robber II, 337. House Robber III, 509. Fibonacci Number, 740. Delete and Earn, 746. Min Cost Climbing Stairs
Pattern 28: DP - 1D Array (Kadane's Algorithm for Max/Min Subarray) 53. Maximum Subarray
Pattern 29: DP - 1D Array (Coin Change / Unbounded Knapsack Style) 322. Coin Change, 377. Combination Sum IV, 518. Coin Change II
Pattern 30: DP - 1D Array (0/1 Knapsack Subset Sum Style) 416. Partition Equal Subset Sum, 494. Target Sum
Pattern 31: DP - 1D Array (Word Break Style) 139. Word Break, 140. Word Break II
Pattern 32: DP - 2D Array (Longest Common Subsequence - LCS) 583. Delete Operation for Two Strings, 1143. Longest Common Subsequence
Pattern 33: DP - 2D Array (Edit Distance / Levenshtein Distance) 72. Edit Distance
Pattern 34: DP - 2D Array (Unique Paths on Grid) 62. Unique Paths, 63. Unique Paths II, 64. Minimum Path Sum, 120. Triangle, 221. Maximal Square, 931. Minimum Falling Path Sum, 1277. Count Square Submatrices with All Ones
Pattern 35: DP - Interval DP 312. Burst Balloons, 546. Remove Boxes
Pattern 36: DP - Catalan Numbers 95. Unique Binary Search Trees II, 96. Unique Binary Search Trees, 241. Different Ways to Add Parentheses
Pattern 37: DP - Longest Increasing Subsequence (LIS) 300. Longest Increasing Subsequence, 354. Russian Doll Envelopes, 1671. Minimum Number of Removals to Make Mountain Array, 2407. Longest Increasing Subsequence II
VI. Heap (Priority Queue) Patterns
Pattern 38: Heap - Top K Elements (Selection/Frequency) 215. Kth Largest Element in an Array, 347. Top K Frequent Elements, 451. Sort Characters By Frequency, 506. Relative Ranks, 703. Kth Largest Element in a Stream, 973. K Closest Points to Origin, 1046. Last Stone Weight, 2558. Take Gifts From the Richest Pile
Pattern 39: Heap - Two Heaps for Median Finding 295. Find Median from Data Stream, 1825. Finding MK Average
Pattern 40: Heap - K-way Merge 23. Merge k Sorted Lists, 373. Find K Pairs with Smallest Sums, 378. Kth Smallest Element in a Sorted Matrix, 632. Smallest Range Covering Elements from K Lists
Pattern 41: Heap - Scheduling / Minimum Cost (Greedy with Priority Queue) 253. Meeting Rooms II, 767. Reorganize String, 857. Minimum Cost to Hire K Workers, 1642. Furthest Building You Can Reach, 1792. Maximum Average Pass Ratio, 1834. Single-Threaded CPU, 1942. The Number of the Smallest Unoccupied Chair, 2402. Meeting Rooms III
VII. Backtracking Patterns
Pattern 42: Backtracking - Subsets (Include/Exclude) 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number, 77. Combinations, 78. Subsets, 90. Subsets II
Pattern 43: Backtracking - Permutations 31. Next Permutation, 46. Permutations, 60. Permutation Sequence
Pattern 44: Backtracking - Combination Sum 39. Combination Sum, 40. Combination Sum II
Pattern 45: Backtracking - Parentheses Generation 22. Generate Parentheses, 301. Remove Invalid Parentheses
Pattern 46: Backtracking - Word Search / Path Finding in Grid 79. Word Search, 212. Word Search II, 2018. Check if Word Can Be Placed In Crossword
Pattern 47: Backtracking - N-Queens / Constraint Satisfaction 37. Sudoku Solver, 51. N-Queens
Pattern 48: Backtracking - Palindrome Partitioning 131. Palindrome Partitioning
VIII. Greedy Patterns
Pattern 49: Greedy - Interval Merging/Scheduling 56. Merge Intervals, 57. Insert Interval, 759. Employee Free Time, 986. Interval List Intersections, 2406. Divide Intervals Into Minimum Number of Groups
Pattern 51: Greedy - Jump Game Reachability/Minimization 45. Jump Game II, 55. Jump Game
Pattern 52: Greedy - Buy/Sell Stock 121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock, 122. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II
Pattern 53: Greedy - Gas Station Circuit 134. Gas Station
Pattern 54: Greedy - Task Scheduling (Frequency Based) 621. Task Scheduler
IX. Binary Search Patterns
Pattern 55: Binary Search - On Sorted Array/List 35. Search Insert Position, 69. Sqrt(x), 74. Search a 2D Matrix, 278. First Bad Version, 374. Guess Number Higher or Lower, 540. Single Element in a Sorted Array, 704. Binary Search, 1539. Kth Missing Positive Number
Pattern 56: Binary Search - Find Min/Max in Rotated Sorted Array 33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array, 81. Search in Rotated Sorted Array II, 153. Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array, 5 162. Find Peak Element, 852. Peak Index in a Mountain Array, 1095. Find in Mountain Array
Pattern 57: Binary Search - On Answer / Condition Function 410. Split Array Largest Sum, 774. Minimize Max Distance to Gas Station, 875. Koko Eating Bananas, 1011. Capacity To Ship Packages 6 Within D Days, 1482. Minimum Number of Days to Make m Bouquets, 1760. Minimum Limit of Balls in a Bag, 2064. Minimized Maximum of Products Distributed to Any Store, 2226. Maximum Candies Allocated to K Children
Pattern 58: Binary Search - Find First/Last Occurrence 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array, 658. Find K Closest Elements
Pattern 59: Binary Search - Median of Two Sorted Arrays 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays
X. Stack Patterns
Pattern 60: Stack - Valid Parentheses Matching 20. Valid Parentheses, 32. Longest Valid Parentheses, 921. Minimum Add to Make Parentheses Valid, 1249. Minimum Remove to Make Valid Parentheses, 1963. Minimum Number of Swaps to Make the String Balanced
Pattern 61: Stack - Monotonic Stack 402. Remove K Digits, 496. Next Greater Element I, 503. Next Greater Element II, 739. Daily Temperatures, 901. Online Stock Span, 907. Sum of Subarray Minimums, 962. Maximum Width Ramp, 1475. Final Prices With a Special Discount in a Shop, 1673. Find the Most Competitive Subsequence
Pattern 62: Stack - Expression Evaluation (RPN/Infix) 150. Evaluate Reverse Polish Notation, 224. Basic Calculator, 227. Basic Calculator II, 772. Basic Calculator III
Pattern 63: Stack - Simulation / Backtracking Helper 71. Simplify Path, 394. Decode String, 735. Asteroid Collision
Pattern 64: Stack - Min Stack Design 155. Min Stack
Pattern 65: Stack - Largest Rectangle in Histogram 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram, 85. Maximal Rectangle
XI. Bit Manipulation Patterns
Pattern 66: Bitwise XOR - Finding Single/Missing Number 136. Single Number, 137. Single Number II, 268. Missing Number, 389. Find the Difference
Pattern 67: Bitwise AND - Counting Set Bits (Hamming Weight) 191. Number of 1 Bits
Pattern 70: Bitwise DP - Counting Bits Optimization 338. Counting Bits
Pattern 69: Bitwise Operations - Power of Two/Four Check 231. Power of Two, 342. Power of Four
XII. Linked List Manipulation Patterns
Pattern 71: Linked List - In-place Reversal 83. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List, 92. Reverse Linked List II, 206. Reverse Linked List, 25. Reverse Nodes in k-Group, 234. Palindrome Linked List, 82. Remove Duplicates from Sorted List II
Pattern 72: Linked List - Merging Two Sorted Lists 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists
Pattern 73: Linked List - Addition of Numbers 2. Add Two Numbers, 369. Plus One Linked List
Pattern 74: Linked List - Intersection Detection 160. Intersection of Two Linked Lists
Pattern 75: Linked List - Reordering / Partitioning 24. Swap Nodes in Pairs, 61. Rotate List, 86. Partition List, 143. Reorder List, 328. Odd Even Linked List
XIII. Array/Matrix Manipulation Patterns
Pattern 76: Array/Matrix - In-place Rotation 48. Rotate Image, 189. Rotate Array
Pattern 77: Array/Matrix - Spiral Traversal 54. Spiral Matrix, 885. Spiral Matrix III, 2326. Spiral Matrix IV
Pattern 78: Array/Matrix - Set Matrix Zeroes (In-place Marking) 73. Set Matrix Zeroes
Pattern 79: Array - Product Except Self (Prefix/Suffix Products) 238. Product of Array Except Self
Pattern 80: Array - Plus One (Handling Carry) 66. Plus One
Pattern 81: Array - Merge Sorted Array (In-place from End) 88. Merge Sorted Array
Pattern 82: Array - Cyclic Sort 41. First Missing Positive, 268. Missing Number, 287. Find the Duplicate Number, 442. Find All Duplicates in an Array, 448. Find All Numbers Disappeared in an Array
Pattern 83: Array - Kadane's Variant for Maximum Product 152. Maximum Product Subarray
XIV. String Manipulation Patterns
Pattern 84: String - Palindrome Check (Two Pointers / Reverse) 9. Palindrome Number, 125. Valid Palindrome, 680. Valid Palindrome II
Pattern 85: String - Anagram Check (Frequency Count/Sort) 49. Group Anagrams, 242. Valid Anagram
Pattern 86: String - Roman to Integer Conversion 13. Roman to Integer
Pattern 87: String - String to Integer (atoi) 8. String to Integer (atoi)
Pattern 88: String - Multiply Strings (Manual Simulation) 43. Multiply Strings
Pattern 89: String Matching - Naive / KMP / Rabin-Karp 28. Find the Index of the First Occurrence in a String, 214. Shortest Palindrome, 686. Repeated String Match, 796. Rotate String, 3008. Find Beautiful Indices in the Given Array II
Pattern 90: String - Repeated Substring Pattern Detection 459. Repeated Substring Pattern
XV. Design Patterns
Pattern 91: Design (General/Specific) 146. LRU Cache, 155. Min Stack, 208. Implement Trie (Prefix Tree), 211. Design Add and Search Words Data Structure, 225. Implement Stack using Queues, 232. Implement Queue using Stacks, 251. Flatten 2D Vector, 271. Encode and Decode Strings, 295. Find Median from Data Stream, 341. Flatten Nested List Iterator, 346. Moving Average from Data Stream, 353. Design Snake Game, 359. Logger Rate Limiter, 362. Design Hit Counter, 379. Des