MasterlistofJavainterviewquestions115 questions

115 questions total, not for the weak. Covers everything from basics to JDBC connectivity, AWT and JSP. 1. What is the diff erence b etween procedural and o bject -oriented programs? - a) In

procedural program, programming logic follows certain procedures and the instructionsare

executed one after another. In OOP program, unit of program is object, which is nothing but whereas in OOPs program, it is accessible with in the object and which in turn assures the security of the code. 2. What are Encapsulation, Inh eritance and Polymorphism? - Encapsulation is the

combination of data and code. b) In procedural program, data is exposed to the whole program

mechanism that binds together code and data it manipulates and keeps both safe from outside interference and misuse. Inheritance is the process by which one object acquires the properties of another object. Polymorphism is the feature that allows one interface to be u sed for general class actions.

3. What is the diff

erence b etween As signment and Initialization?

- Assignment can be

done as many times as desired whereas initializationcan be done only once. 4. What is O OPs? - Object oriented programming organizes a program around its data, i. e. , objects and a set of well defined interfaces to thatdata. An object-oriented program can be characterized as data controlling access to code.

5. What are Clas s, Constructor

and Primitive

data ty pes? - Class is a template for

multiple objects with similar features and it is a blue print for objects. It defines a type of object according to the data the object can hold and the operations the object can perform. Constructor is a special kind of method that determines how an object is initialized when boolean, char.

created. Primitive data types are 8 types and they are: byte, short, int, long, float, double, 6. What is an Obj ect and how do y ou allocate memory to it? - Object is an instance of a

class and it is a software unit that combines a structured set of data with a set of operations for allocated to it.

inspecting and manipulating that data. When an object is created using new operator, memory is 7. What is the diff erence b etween constructor and method? - Constructor will be ed? - Methods are functions that operate on

8. What are method s and how are they defin

automatically invoked when an object is created whereas method has to be called explicitly.

instances of classes in which they are defined. Objects can communicate with each other using of the method, type of object or primitive type the method returns, a list of parameters and the above.

methods and can call methods in other classes. Method definition has four parts. They are name body of the method. A methods signature is a combination of the first three parts mentioned 9. What is the us e of bin and li b in J DK? - Bin contains all tools such as javac, appletviewer,

10.What is casting?

awt tool, etc., whereas lib contains API and all packages.

- Casting is used to convert the value of one type to another. be pas sed to a subroutine and ex plain them? -

11.How many ways can an argument

An argument can be passed in two ways. They are passing by value and passing by reference.

Passing by value: This method copi s the value of an argument into the formal parameter of the e

subroutine. Passing by reference: In this method, a reference to an argument (not the value of 12.What is the diff the argument) is passed to the parameter. erence b etween an argument and a parameter? - While defining

method, variables passed in the method are called parameters. While using those method s, values passed to those variables are called arguments. 13.What are diff erent ty pes o f access modifiers? - public: Any thing declared as public

can be accessed from anywhere. private: Any thing declared as private cant be seen outside of its class. protected: Any thing declared as protected can be accessed by classes in the same package and subclasses in the other packages. default modifier : Canbe accessed only to classes in the same package.

14.What is final, finalize()

and finally? - final : final keyword can be used for class, method

and variables. A final class cannot be subclassed and it prevents other programmers from

subclassing a secure class to invoke ins ecure methods. A final method cant be overridden. A final variable cant change from its initialized value. finalize() : finalize() method is used just key word used in exception handling, creates a block of code that will be executed after a before an object is destroyed and can be called just prior to garbage collection. finally : finally, a try/catch block has completed and before the code following the try/catch block. The finally block will execute whether or not an exception is thrown. For example, if a method opens a file handling mechanism. This finally keyword is designed to address this contingency. and it uses 16 bits to represent each other. upon exit, then you will not want the code that closes the file to be bypassed by the exception15.What is UNIC ODE? - Unicode is used for internal representation of characters and strings 16.What is Garbage Coll ection and how t o call it explicitly? - When an object is no

longer referred to by any variable, java automatically reclaims memory used by that object. This

is known as garbage collection. System. gc() method may be used to call it explicitly. 17.What is finalize() can be called just prior to garbage collection. method? - finalize () method is used just before an object is destroyed and Vo latile Modifi ers? - Transient: The transient modifier applies to

18.What are Transient and

variables only and it is not stored as part of its objects Persistent state. Transient variables are not serialized. Volatile: Volatile modifier applies to variables only and it tells the compiler that the variable modified by volatile can be changed unexpectedly by other parts of the program.

19.What is method overloading

method in a class having the same method name with different arguments is said to be method overloading. Method overriding : When a method in a class having the same method name with same arguments is said to be method overriding.

and method ov erriding? - Method overloading: When a

20.What is diff erence b etween overloading

relationship between methods available in the same class whereas in overriding, there is

and overriding? - a) In overloading, there is a

relationship between a superclass method and subclass method. b) Overloading does not block inheritance from the superclass whereas overriding blocks inheritance from the superclass. c) In overloading, separate methods share the same name whereas in overriding, subclass method replaces the superclass. d) Overloading must have different method signatureswhereas 21.What is meant overriding must have same signature. by Inheritance

and what are it s advant ages? - Inheritance is the

process of inheriting all the features from a class. The advantages of inheritance are reusability of code and accessibility of variables and methods of the super class by subclasses. 22.What is the diff 23.What is the diff erence b etween this() and sup er()? - this() can be used to invoke a

constructor of the same class whereas super() can be used to invoke a super class constructor. erence b etween su perclass and subclass? - A super class is a class

that is inherited whereas sub class is a class thatdoes the inheriting. 24.What modifiers may used for top-level class. be us ed with top -level class? - public, abstract and final can be anonymous class? - Inner class : classes defined in other

25.What are inner class and

classes, including those defined in methods are called inner classes. An inner class can have any accessibility including private. Anonymous class : Anonymous class s a class defined inside a i method without a name and is instantiated and declared in the same place and cannot have explicit constructors.

26.What is a package?

- A package is a collection of classes and interfaces that provides a - java. lang. reflect package has the ability to analyze itself

27.What is a reflection package? 28.What is interface in runtime.

high-level layer of access protection andname space management.

and its use? - Interface is similar to a class which may contain

methods signature only but not bodies and it is a formal set of method and constant

declarations that must be defined by the class that implements it. Interfaces are useful for: a)Declaring methods that one or more classes are expected to implement b)Capturing similarities between unrelated classes without forcing a class relationship. c)Determining an objects 29.What is an programming interface without revealing the actual body of the class. gaps for subclasses to fill in and is deliberately incomplete. erence b etween Integer and

ab stract class? - An abstract class is a class designed with implementation int? - a) Integer is a class defined in the

30.What is the diff

java. lang package, whereas int is a primitive data type defined in the Java language itself. Java a method that requires an object, whereas int can be used for calculations.

does not automatically convert from one to the other. b) Integer can be used as an argument for

31.What is a cloneable interface 32.What is the diff

and how many methods doe s it contain? - It is not class and interface? - a) All the methods

having any method because it is a TAGGED or MARKER interface. erence b etween abstract

declared inside an interface are abstract whereas abstract class must have at least one abstract method and others may be concrete or abstract. b) In abstract class, key word abstract must be used for the methods whereasinterface we need not use that keyword for the methods. c) Abstract class must have subclasses whereas interface cant have subclasses. 33.Can you have accessed. access? - Yes, we can have an inner class inside a method andfinal variables can be erence b etween String an inner class inside a method and what variables can y ou

34.What is the diff

and String Buff er? - a) String objects are

constants and immutable whereas StringBuffer objects are not. b) String class supports constant strings whereas StringBuffer class supports growable and modifiable strings. 35.What is the diff 36.What is the diff and static whereas vector is a growable array of objects and dynamic. erence b etween Array and vector? - Array is a set of related data type

mild error conditions that your program encounters. Exceptions can occur when trying to open the file, which does not exist, the network connection is disrupted, operands being manipulated are out of prescribed ranges, the class file you areinterested in loading is missing. The error class defines serious error conditions that you should not attempt to recoverfrom. In most cases it is advisable to let the program terminate when such an error is encountered.

erence b etween exce ption and error? - The exception class defines

37.What is the diff

execution whereas thread is a separate path of execution in a program. and what

erence b etween proce ss and thread? - Process is a program in are the methods for inter-thread

38.What is multithreading

communication

and what is the class in which

these method s are defin ed? -

Multithreading is the mechanism in which more than one thread run independent of each other within the process. wait (), notify () and notifyAll() methods can be used for inter-thread communication and these methods are in Object class. wait() : When a thread executes a call to wait() method, it surrenders the object lock and enters into a waiting state. notify() or notifyAll() : To remove a thread from the waiting state, some other thread must make a call to notify() or notifyAll() method on the same object. 39.What is the class and advantageous interface in java to create thread and which is the most

method? - Thread class and Runnable interface can be used to create

threads and using Runnable interface is the most advanta geous method to create threads because we need not extend threadclass here. 40.What are the state s associated in waiting and dead states. 41.What is s ynchronization? 42.Wh en you will corruption. the thread? - Thread contains ready, running,

thread is accessed the resources at a time. s ynchronize

- Synchronization is the mechanism that ensures that only one a piece o f your cod e? - When you expect your code will be

accessed by different threads and these threads may change a particular data causing data - When two threads are waiting each other and cant precede the and which method is u sed to create the daemon

43.What is deadlock?

44.What is daemon thread

program is said to be deadlock.

thread? - Daemon thread is a low priority thread which runs intermittently in the back ground to create a daemon thread.

doing the garbage collection operation for the java runtime system. setDaemon method is used

45.Are there any global vari

ables in Java,

which can be access ed by oth er part o f

your program? - No, it is not the main method in which you define variables. Global vari bles is a not possible because concept of encapsulation is eliminated here. 46.What is an page displayed by a java capable browser. ap plet? - Applet is a dynamic and interactive program that runs inside a web erence b etween applications and ap plets? - a)Application must be

47.What is the diff

run on local machine whereas applet needs no explicit installation on local machine.

b)Application must be run explicitly within a java-compatible virtual machine whereas applet

loads and runs itself automatically in a java-enabled browser. d)Application starts execution with its main method whereas applet starts execution with its init method. e)Application can run with or without graphical user interface whereas applet must run within a graphical user interface. 48.How doe s applet recognize the height and 49.Wh en do you use cod 50.What is the lif directory, codebase is used. ebase in appl et? - When the applet class file is not in the same width? - Using getParameters() method.

ecycle of an appl et? - init() method - Can be called when an applet is first

loaded start() method - Can be called each time an applet is started. paint() method - Can be called when the applet is minimized or maximized. stop() method - Can be used when the finished with the applet. 52.What is an browser moves off the applets page. destroy() method - Can be called when the browser is 51.How do you s et security in ap plets? - using setSecurityManager() method

ev ent and what are the model s available

for event handling?

- An

event is an event object that describes a state of change in a source. In other words, event

occurs when an action is generated, like pre ssing button, clicking mouse, selecting a list, etc. There are two types of models for handling events and they are: a) event-inheritance model and

b) event-delegation model 53.What are the advantages event-delegation model has two advantages over the event-inheritance model. They are: a)It clean separation between a components design and its use. b)It performs much better in of the model over the event-inheritance model? - The

enables event handling by objects other than the ones that generate the events. This allows a applications where many events are generated. This performance improvement is due to the as is the case of the event-inheritance.

fact that the event-delegation model does not have to be repeatedly process unhandled events 54.What is s ource and li stener? - source : A source is an object that generates an event. This occurs when the internal state of that object changes in some way. listener : A listener is an object that is notified when an event occurs. It has two major requirements. First, it must have been registered with one or more sources to receive notifications about sp ecific types of events. Second, it must implement methods to receive and process these notifications. 55.What is adapter class? - An adapter class provides an empty impl mentation of all methods e

in an event listener interface. Adapter classe are useful when you want to receive and process s

only some of the events that are handled by a particular event listener interface. You can define events in which you are interested. For example, the MouseMotionAdapter class has two

a new class to act listener by ext nding one of the adapter classes and implementingonly those e methods, mouseDragged()and mouseMoved(). The signaturesof these empty are exactly as defined in the MouseMotionListener interface. If you are interested in only mouse drag events, then you could simply extend MouseMotionAdapter and implement mouseDragged(). 56.What is meant by controls and what are diff erent ty pes o f controls in A WT? -

Controls are components that allow a user to interact with your application and the AWT

supports the following types of controls: Labels, Push Buttons, Check Boxes, Choice Lists, Lists,

Scrollbars, Text Components. These controls are subclasses of Component. 57.What is the diff form that requires you to pull it down to see the list of available choices and only one item may be selected from a choice. A List may be displayed in such a way that several list items are visible and it supports the selection of one or more list items. 58.What is the diff erence b etween scrollbar and scrollpane? - A Scrollbar is a erence b etween choice and list? - A Choice is displayed in a compact

Component, but not a Containerwhereas Scrollpane is a Conatiner and handles its own events and perform its own scrolling. manager and what are diff erent ty pes of layout managers

59.What is a layout

available in java AW T? - A layout manager is an object that is used to organize components in a container. The different layouts areavailable are FlowLayout, BorderLayout, CardLayout, 60.How are the el ements of diff GridLayout and GridBagLayout. erent layouts organized?

- FlowLayout: The elements of

a FlowLayout are organized in a top to bottom, left to right fashion. BorderLayout: The elements of a BorderLayout are organized at the borders (North, South, East and West) and the center of a container. CardLayout: The elements of a CardLayout are stacked, on top of the other, like a

deck of cards. GridLayout: The elements of a GridLayout are of equal size and are laid out using the square of a grid. GridBagLayout: The elements of a GridBagLayout are organized according to a grid. However, the elements are of different siz and may occupy more than one row or e 61.Which containers 62.Which containers column of the grid. In addition, the rows and columns may have different sizes. us e a Border layout as their default Dialog classes use a BorderLayout as their layout. us e a F low layout as their classes use the FlowLayout as their default layout.

layout? - Window, Frame and

d efault layout? - Panel and Applet

63.What are wrapper class es? - Wrapper classes are classes that allow primitive types to be 64.What are V ector, Hashtable, accessed as objects. Link edList and Enumeration? - Vector : The Vector

class provides the capability to implement a growable array of objects. Hashtable : The

Hashtable class implement a Hashtable data structure. A Hashtable indexes and stores o s bjects in a dictionary using hash codes as the objects keys. Hash codes are integer values that done using LinkedList. A LinkedList stores each object in a separate link whereas an array identify objects. LinkedList: Removing or inserting elements in the middle of an arr y can be a stores object references in consecutive locations. Enumeration: An object that implements the Enumeration interface generates a series of elements, one at a time. It has two methods, namely hasMoreElements() and nextElement(). HasMoreElemnts() tests if this enumeration has more 65.What is the diff elements and nextElement method returns successive elements of the series.

erence b etween se t and list? - Set stores elements in an unordered way

but does not contain duplicate elements, whereas list stores elements in an ordered way but may contain duplicate elements. 66.What is a stream and what are th e type s of Streams and classes of the

Streams? - A Stream is an abstraction that either produces or consumes information. There are two types of Streams and they are: Byte Streams: Provide a convenient means for handling input and output of bytes. Character Streams: Provide a convenient means for handling input & output of characters. Byte Streams classes: Are defined by using two abstract classes, namely InputStream and OutputStream. Character Streams classes: Are defined by using two abstract classes, namely Reader and Writer.

67.What is the diff

erence b etween Reader/Writer and

InputStream/Output

Stream? - The Reader/Writer class is character-oriented and the InputStream/OutputStream

class is byte-oriented. 68.What is an another, usually altering the data in some way as it is passed from one stream to another. I/O filt er? - An I/O filter is an object that reads from one stream and writes to and des erialization? - Serialization is the process of writing the

69.What is s erialization

state of an object to a byte stream. Deserialization is the process of restoring these objects. of a set of classes and interfaces to enable programs to write pure Java Database applications. c) JDBC-Net Pure Java driver d) Native-Protocol Pure Java driver erence b etween JDBC and ODBC?

70.What is JDB C? - JDBC is a set of Java API for executing SQL statements. This API consists

71.What are drivers available? - a) JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver b) Native API Partly-Java driver 72.What is the diff - a) OBDC is for Microsoft and

JDBC is for Java applications. b) ODBC cant be directly used with Java because it uses a C interface. c) ODBC makes use of pointers which have been removed totally from Java. d) ODBC mixes simple and advanced features together and has complex options for simple queries. But JDBC is designed to keep things simple while allowing advanced capabilities when required. e) JDBC drivers are written in Java and JDBC code is automatically installable, secure, and retains some of the basic features of ODBC.

ODBC requires manual installation of the ODBC driver manager and driver on all client machines. portable on all platforms. f) JDBC API s a natural Java interface and is built on ODBC. JDBC i 73.What are the ty pes o f JDBC Driver Models and explain them? - There are two types

of JDBC Driver Models and they are: a) Two tier model and b) Three tier model Two tier model: communicate with the particular database management system that is being accessed. SQL

In this model, Java applications interact directly with the database. A JDBC driver is required to statements are sent to the database andthe results are given to user. This model is referred to as client/server configuration where user is the client and the machine that has the database is

called as the server. Three tier model: A middle tier is introduced in this model. The functions of this model are: a) Collection of SQL statements from the clientand handing it over to the accessing and updating of the above. do y ou connect to a database? database, b) Receiving results from database to the client and c) Maintaining control over 74.What are the st ep s involved for making a connection with a database or how

method is used. Class. forName(sun. jdbc. odbc. JdbcOdbcDriver); When the driver is loaded, it registers itself with the java. sql. DriverManager class as an available database driver. b) getConnection() method is used. Connection con = DriverManager. getConnection

a) Loading the driver : To load the driver, Class. forName()

Making a connection with database: To open a connection to a given database, DriverManager. (jdbc:odbc:somedb, user, password); c) Executing SQL statements : To execute a SQL query, java. sql. statements class is used. createStatement()method of Connection to o btain a be executed using the executeQuery()method of Statement. This method ex ecutes the new Statement object. Statement stmt = con. createStatement();A query that returns data can statement and returns a java. sql. ResultSet that encapsulates the retrieved data:ResultSet rs = stmt. executeQuery(SELECT * FROM some table); d) Process the results : ResultSet returns getString() and getObject() methods are used for retrievingcolumn values: while(rs. next()) { String event = rs. getString(event); Object count = (Integer) rs. getObject(count); 75.What typ e of driver database engine). did you use in proj ect? - JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver (is a driver that one row at a time. Next() method of ResultSet object can be called to move to the next row. The

uses native(C language) libraries and makes calls to an existing ODBC driver to access a

76.What are the ty pes o f statements in

JDBC? - Statement: to be used createStatement()

method for executing single SQL statement PreparedStatement To be used

preparedStatement() method for executing same SQL statement over and over. CallableStatement To be used prepareCall() method for multiple SQL statements over and over. 77.What is st ored pr ocedure? - Stored procedure is a group of SQL statements thatforms a logical unit and performs a particular task. Stored Procedures are used to encapsulate a set of operations or queries to execute on database. Stored procedures canbe compiled and parameters. executed with different parameters and results and may have any combination of input/output 78.How to create and call stored procedures? - To create stored procedures: Create

procedure procedurename (specify in, out and in out parameters) BEGIN Any multiple SQL procedure name(?,?)}); csmt. registerOutParameter(column no. , data type); csmt. setInt(column no. , column name) csmt. execute();

statement; END; To call stored procedures: CallableStatement csmt = con. prepareCall({call

79.What is s ervlet? - Servlets are modules that extend request/response-oriented servers, such as java-enabled web servers. For example, a servlet might be responsible for taking data in an HTML order-entry form and applying the business logic used to update a companys order database. 80.What are the class es and interfaces for servlets and they are javax. servlet and 81.What is the diff servlets? - There are two packages in

what applets are to browsers. b) Applets must have graphical user interfaces whereas servlets have no graphical user interfaces. erence b etween doPo st and doGet methods? - a) doGet() method is

erence b etween an ap plet and a servlet? - a) Servlets are to servers

82.What is the diff

used to get information, while doPost() method is used for posting information. b) doGet()

requests cant send large amount of information and is limited to 240-255 characters. However, doPost()requests pas all of its data, of unlimited length. c) A doGet() request is ses appended to the request URL in a query string and this allows the exchange is visible to the client, whereas a doPost() request passes directly over the socket connection as part of its HTTP request body and the exchange are invisible to the client. 83.What is the lif e cycle o f a s ervlet? - Each Servlet has the same life cycle: a) A server

loads and initializes the servlet by init ()method. b) The servlet handles zero or more clients requests through service() method. c) The server removes the servlet through destroy() method. the init() method o f servlet? - Web server for develo ping and depl oying

84.Wh o is loading

85.What are the diff erent s ervers available Web Logic

Servlets? - a) Java Web Server b) JRun g) Apache Server h) Netscape Information Server i) are they? - The servlet API provides -

86.How many ways can we track client and what

87.What is s essi on tracking and how do y ou track a user se ssion in servlets?

two ways to track client state and they are: a) Using Session tracking and b) Using Cookies. Session tracking is a mechanism that servlets use to maintain state about a series requests from the same user across some period of time. The method used for session tracking are: a) User s Authentication - occurs when a web server restricts access to some o its resources to only f those clients that log in using a recognized username and password. b) Hidden form fields fields are added to an HTML form that are not displayed in the clients browser. When the form containing the fields is submitted, the fields are sent back to the server. c) URL rewriting - every extra information can be in the form of extra path information, added parameters or some URL that the user clicks on is dynamicallymodified or rewritten to include extra information. The custom, server-specific URL change. d) Cookies - a bit of information that is sent by a web

server to a browser and which can later be read back from that browser. e) HttpSession- places a limit on the number of sessions that can exist in memory. This limit is set in the s ession. maxresidents property. 88.What is S erver- Side Include s (SSI)? - Server-Side Includes allows embedding servlets

within HTML pages using a special servlet tag. In many servlets that support servlets, a page can be processed by the server to include output from servlets at certain points inside the HTML page. This is accomplished using a special internal SSINCLUDE, which processes the servlet So HTML files that include server-side includes must be stored with an . shtml extension. tags. SSINCLUDE servlet will be invoked whenever a file with an. shtml extension is requested.

89.What are coo kies and how

servlet uses to have a client hold a small amount of state-information associated with the user. a) Create a cookie with the Cookie constructor: public Cookie(String name, String value) b) A servlet can send a cookie to the client by passing a Cookie object to the addCookie() method of HttpServletResponse: public void HttpServletResponse. addCookie(Cookie cookie) c) A servlet retrieves cookies by calling the getCookies() method of HttpServletRequest: public Cookie[ ] HttpServletRequest. getCookie().

will you use them?

- Cookies are a mechanism that a

90.Is it pos sibl e to communica te from an appl et to servlet and

how many ways and

how? - Yes, there are three ways to communicate from an applet to servlet and they are: a) HTTP Communication(Text- ased and object-based) b) Socket Communication c) RMI b 91.What is connection po Communication

oling? - With servlets, opening a database connection is a major

bottleneck because we are creating and tearing down a new connection for every page request and the time taken to create connection will be more. Creating a connection pool is an ideal approach for a complicated servlet. With a connection pool, we can duplicate only the

resources we need to duplicate rather than the entire servlet. A connection po can also ol intelligently manage the size of the pool and make sure each connection remains valid. A number of connection pool packages are currently available. Some like DbConnectionBroker are freely available from Java Exchange Works by creating an object that dispenses connections and connection Ids on request. The ConnectionPool class maintains a Hastable, using whether a connection is in use or not. A programcalls getConnection() method of the connection back to the po ol. 92.Wh y should we go Connection objects as keys and Boolean values as stored values. The Boolean value indicates ConnectionPool for getting Connection object it can use; it calls returnConnection() to give the for interservlet communication? - Servlets running together in the

same server communicate with each other in several ways. The three major reasons to use

interservlet communication are: a) Direct servlet manipulation - allows to gain access to the Servlet reuse - allows the servlet to reuse the public methods of another servlet. c)Servlet method invocation)

other currently loaded servlets and perform certain tasks (through the ServletContext object) b) collaboration - requires to communicate with each other by sharing specific information (through 93.Is it pos sibl e to call servlet with parameters in the URL? - Yes. You can call a servlet

94.What is S ervlet chaining? - Servlet chaining is a technique in which two or more servlets can cooperate in servicing a single request. In servlet chaining, one servlets output is piped to the next servlets input. This process continues until the last servlet is reached. Its output is 95.How do servlets handle multiple simultaneous requests? then sent back to the client.

with parameters in the syntax as (?Param1 = xxx || m2 = yyy).

- The server has multiple

threads that are available to handle requests. When a request comes in, it is assigned to a

thread, which calls a service method (for example: doGet(), doPost() andservice()) of the servlet. For this reason, a single servlet ob can have its service methods called by manythreads at ject once. 96.What is the diff erence b etween TCP/ IP and UDP? - TCP/IP is a two-way

communication between the client and the server and it is a reliable and there is a confirmation regarding reaching the message to the destination. It is like a phone call. UDP is a one-way confirmation regarding reaching the message to the destination. It is like a postal mail. communication only between the client and the server and it is not a reliable and there is no

97.What is Inet address? number.

- Every computer connected to a network has an IP address. An IP

address is a number that uniquely identifies each computeron the Net. An IP address is a 32-bit 98.What is Domain Naming S ervice(DNS) ?- It is very difficult to remember a set of

numbers(IP address) to connect to the Internet. The Domain Naming Service(DNS) is used to overcome this problem. It maps one particular IP address to a string of characters. For example, www. mascom. com implies com is the domain name reserved for US commercial sites, mascoms server. moscom is the name of the company and www is the name of the specific computer, which is

99.What is URL? - URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and it points to resource files on

the Internet. URL has four components: http://www. address. com:80/index.html, where http protocol name, address - IP address or host name, 80 - p number and index.html - file path. ort st ep s involved in develo ping an RMI o bject? - Remote Method Invocation (RMI) allows java object that executes on one machine and to invoke the method of a Java object to execute on another machine. The steps involved in developing an RMI object are: a) Define the interfaces b) Implementing these interfaces c)Compile the interfaces and their

100.What is RMI and

implementations with the java compiler d) Compile the server implementation with RMI compiler 101.What is RMI architectu e) Run the RMI registry f) Run the application re? - RMI architecture consists of four layers and each layer

performs specific functions: a) Application layer - contains the actual object definition. b) Proxy the transport layer and sends it to the proxy layer. d) Transportation layer - responsible for handling the actual machine-to-machine communication. 102.what is UnicastRemoteO bject? - All remote objects must extend UnicastRemoteObject, and looku p() in Naming class? - rebind() of the

layer - consists of stub and skeleton. c) Remote Reference layer - gets the stream of bytes from

which provides functionality that is needed to make objects available from remote machines. Naming class(found in java. rmi) is used to update the RMI registry on the server machine. Naming. rebind(AddSever, AddServerImpl); lookup() of the Naming class accepts one argument, the rmi URL and returns a reference to an object of type AddServerImpl.

103.Explain th e methods, rebind()

104.What is a Java 105.What is a Jar

be reusable in a variety of different environments.

Bean? - A Java Bean is a software component that has been designed to

associated resources. The elements in a jar file are compressed, which makes downloading a Jar file much faster than separately downloading several uncompressed files. The package java. util. zip contains classes that read and write jar files.

file? - Jar file allows to efficiently deploying a set of classes and their

106.What is BD K? - BDK, Bean Development Kit is a tool that enables to create, configure and connect a set of set of Beans and it can be used to test Beans without writing a code. 107.What is JSP? - JSP is a dynamic scripting capability for web pages that allows Java as well as a few special tags to be embedded into a web file (HTML/XML,etc). The suffix traditionally ends with .jsp to indicate to the web server that the file is a JSP files. JSP is a server side

technology - you cant do any client side validation with it. The advantages are: a) The JSP assists in making the HTML more functional. Servlets on the other hand allow outputting of of the web server you are using deal with compiling it into a servlet and running it. HTML but it is a tedious process. b) It is easy to make a change and then let the JSP capability 108.What are J SP scripting element s? - JSP scripting elements lets to insert Java code into

the servlet that will be generated from the current JSP page. There are three forms: a)

Expressions of the form <%= expression %> that are evaluated and inserted into the output, b) Scriptlets of the form<% code %>that are inserted into the servlets service method, and c) Declarations of the form <%! Code %>that are inserted into the body of the servlet class, outside of any existing methods.

109.What are J SP Directives? - A JSP directive affects the overall structure of the servlet class. It usually has the following form:<%@ directive attribute=value %> However, you can also combine multiple attribute settings for a single directive, as follows:<%@ directive attribute1=value1 attribute 2=value2. . . attributeN =valueN %> There are two main types of directive: page, which lets to do things like import classes, customize the servlet the JSP file is translated into a servlet 110.What are Predefined variables or superclass, and the like; and include, which lets to insert a file into the servlet class at the time implicit o bjects? - To simplify code in JSP

expressions and scriptlets, we can use eight automatically defined variables, sometime called s implicit objects. They are request, response, out, session, application, config, pageContext, and page.

111.What are J SP A CTI ONS? - JSP actions use constructs in XML syntax to control the

behavior of the servlet engine. You candynamically insert a file, reuse JavaBeans components, forward the user to another page, or generate HTML for the Java plugin. Available actions

include: jsp:include - Include a file at the time the page is requested. jsp:useBean - Find or instantiate a JavaBean. jsp:setProperty - Set the property of a JavaBean. jsp:getProperty Insert the property of a JavaBean into the output. jsp:forward - Forward the requester to a 112.How do you pas newpage. Jsp: plugin - Generate browser-specific code that makes an OBJECT or EMBED s data (including JavaBeans) to a JSP from a servlet? - (1) Request Lifetime: Using this technique to pass b eans, a request dispatcher (using either

include or forward) can be called. This bean will disappear after processing this request has

been completed. Servlet: request. setAttribute(theBean, myBean); RequestDispatcher rd =

getServletContext(). getRequestDispatcher(thepage. jsp); rd. forward(request, response); JSP PAGE:<jsp: useBean id=theBean scope=request class=. . . . . />(2) Session Lifetime: Using this technique to pass b eans that are relevant to a particular session (such as in individual user login) over a number of requests. This bean will disappear when the session is invalidated or it times out, or when you removeit. Servlet: HttpSession session = request. getSession(true); session. putValue(theBean, myBean); /* You can do a request dispatcher here, or just let the

bean be visible on the next request */ JSP Page:<jsp:useBean id=theBean scope=session class=. . . /> 3) Application Lifetime: Using this technique to pass beans that are relevant to all servlets and JSP pages in a particular app, for all users. For example, I use this to make a bean will disappear when the servlet engine is shut down, or when you remove it. Servlet: scope=application class=. . . /> JDBC connection pool object available to the various servlets and JSP pages in my apps. This GetServletContext(). setAttribute(theBean, myBean); JSP PAGE:<jsp:useBean id=theBean 113.How can I se t a coo kie in JSP? - response. setHeader(Set-Cookie, cookie string); To give the response-object to a bean, write a method setResponse (HttpServletResponse response) - to the bean, and in jsp-file:<% bean. setResponse (response); %>

114.How can I del ete a co okie with J SP? <% Cookie killCookie = new Cookie(foo, null); KillCookie. setPath(/); killCookie. 115.How are S ervlets and JSP Pages related? setMaxAge(0); response. addCookie(killCookie); %> Say that I have a cookie called foo, that I set a while ago & I want it to go away. I simply:

JSP pages are focused around HTML (or XML) with Java codes and JSP tags inside them. When a web server that has JSP support is asked for a JSP page, it checks to see if it has into pure Java and then compiled, loaded into the server and executed. already compiled the page into a servlet. Thus, JSP pages become servlets and are transformed