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AISC Seismic Design Steel Structures Essential

This document provides an overview of designing seismic-resistant steel building structures. It discusses earthquake effects on structures, building code philosophy for earthquake design focusing on ductility, and steel seismic load resisting systems like moment frames, concentrically braced frames, eccentrically braced frames, buckling-restrained braced frames, and special plate shear walls. The design aims to prevent collapse through ductile behavior, detailing elements to sustain large deformations.

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Saman A Abdullah
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350 views10 pages

AISC Seismic Design Steel Structures Essential

This document provides an overview of designing seismic-resistant steel building structures. It discusses earthquake effects on structures, building code philosophy for earthquake design focusing on ductility, and steel seismic load resisting systems like moment frames, concentrically braced frames, eccentrically braced frames, buckling-restrained braced frames, and special plate shear walls. The design aims to prevent collapse through ductile behavior, detailing elements to sustain large deformations.

Uploaded by

Saman A Abdullah
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of SeismicResistant Steel Building Structures

Brief Overview

Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel Building Structures: A Brief Overview

Prepared by: Michael D. Engelhardt University of Texas at Austin with the support of the American Institute of Steel Construction.
Version 1 - March 2007

Earthquake Effects on Structures Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes Importance of Ductility Design Earthquake Forces: ASCE-7 Steel Seismic Load Resisting Systems AISC Seismic Provisions

Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel Building Structures: A Brief Overview


Collapse of Timber Buildings

Landslides Other Causes

Collapse of RC Buildings

Collapse of RC Buildings

Landslides

Earthquake Effects on Structures Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes Building Code Philosophy for Earthquake-Resistant Design and Importance of Ductility Design Earthquake Forces: ASCE-7 Steel Seismic Load Resisting Systems AISC Seismic Provisions
Earthquake Fatalities: 1900 - 1949 (795,000 Fatalities)
Collapse of Timber Buildings Fire

Fire

Collapse of Masonry Buildings

Other Causes

Collapse of Masonry Buildings

Earthquake Fatalities: 1950 - 1990 (583,000 Fatalities)

Causes of Earthquake Fatalities: 1900 to 1990

Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel Building Structures: A Brief Overview

Conventional Building Code Philosophy for Earthquake-Resistant Design


Objective: Prevent collapse in the extreme earthquake likely to occur at a building site.

Earthquake Effects on Structures Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes Building Code Philosophy for Earthquake-Resistant Design and Importance of Ductility Design Earthquake Forces: ASCE-7 Steel Seismic Load Resisting Systems AISC Seismic Provisions

Objectives are not to: - limit damage - maintain function - provide for easy repair

To Survive Strong Earthquake without Collapse:

Design for Ductile Behavior


H
Ductility = Inelastic Deformation

H
H
H
Helastic

3/4 *Helastic

yield

failure

1/2 *Helastic

Strength Reqd Ductility

Ductility Factor =

failure yield

1/4 *Helastic

MAX

Developing Ductile Behavior:


Choose frame elements ("fuses") that will yield in an earthquake. Detail "fuses" to sustain large inelastic deformations prior to the onset of fracture or instability (i.e. , detail fuses for ductility). Design all other frame elements to be stronger than the fuses, i.e., design all other frame elements to develop the plastic capacity of the fuses.

Key Elements of Seismic-Resistant Design

Required Lateral Strength ASCE-7:

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

Detailing for Ductility AISC:

Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings

R factors for Selected Steel Systems (ASCE 7):


SMF IMF OMF EBF (Special Moment Resisting Frames): (Intermediate Moment Resisting Frames): (Ordinary Moment Resisting Frames): (Eccentrically Braced Frames): R=8 R = 4.5 R = 3.5 R = 8 or 7 R=6 R = 3.25 R = 8 or 7 R=7

Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel Building Structures: A Brief Overview

SCBF (Special Concentrically Braced Frames): OCBF (Ordinary Concentrically Braced Frames): BRBF (Buckling Restrained Braced Frame): SPSW (Special Plate Shear Walls):

Earthquake Effects on Structures Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes Building Code Philosophy for Earthquake-Resistant Design and Importance of Ductility Design Earthquake Forces: ASCE-7 Steel Seismic Load Resisting Systems AISC Seismic Provisions

Undetailed Steel Systems in Seismic Design Categories A, B or C (AISC Seismic Provisions not needed)

R=3

Seismic Load Resisting Systems for Steel Buildings

MOMENT RESISTING FRAME (MRF)


Beams and columns with moment resisting connections; resist lateral forces by flexure and shear in beams and columns - i.e. by frame action. Develop ductility primarily by flexural yielding of the beams:

Moment Resisting Frames Concentrically Braced Frames Eccentrically Braced Frames Buckling Restrained Braced Frames Special Plate Shear Walls

Advantages Architectural Versatility High Ductility and Safety Disadvantages Low Elastic Stiffness

Moment Resisting Frame

Concentrically Braced Frames (CBFs)


Inelastic Response of a Steel Moment Resisting Frame Beams, columns and braces arranged to form a vertical truss. Resist lateral earthquake forces by truss action.

Develop ductility through inelastic action in braces. - braces yield in tension - braces buckle in compression Advantages - high elastic stiffness Disadvantages - less ductile than other systems (SMFs, EBFs, BRBFs) - reduced architectural versatility

Types of CBFs

Single Diagonal

Inverted V- Bracing

V- Bracing

X- Bracing

Two Story X- Bracing

Inelastic Response of CBFs under Earthquake Loading

Inelastic Response of CBFs under Earthquake Loading

Tension Brace: Yields (ductile)

Compression Brace: Buckles (nonductile)

Columns and beams: remain essentially elastic

Inelastic Response of CBFs under Earthquake Loading

Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs)


Framing system with beam, columns and braces. At least one end of every brace is connected to isolate a segment of the beam called a link. Resist lateral load through a combination of frame action and truss action. EBFs can be viewed as a hybrid system between moment frames and concentrically braced frames. Develop ductility through inelastic action in the links.

Compression Brace (previously in tension): Buckles (nonductile)

Tension Brace (previously in compression): Yields (ductile)

EBFs can supply high levels of ductility (similar to MRFs), but can also provide high levels of elastic stiffness (similar to CBFs)

Columns and beams: remain essentially elastic

Link

Link

Link

Link

Some possible bracing arrangement for EBFS e e e e

e e

Inelastic Response of EBFs

Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames (BRBFs)

Buckling-Restrained Brace
BucklingRestrained Brace: Steel Core + Casing

Type of concentrically braced frame. Beams, columns and braces arranged to form a vertical truss.
Resist lateral earthquake forces by truss action.

Special type of brace members used: Buckling-Restrained


Braces (BRBs). BRBS yield both in tension and compression - no buckling !!

Develop ductility through inelastic action (cyclic tension and


compression yielding) in BRBs.

Casing

System combines high stiffness with high ductility.

Steel Core

Buckling-Restrained Brace
BucklingRestrained Brace: Steel Core + Casing

Buckling-Restrained Brace

Casing Steel jacket Mortar

Steel Core

Steel core resists entire axial force P Casing is debonded from steel core - casing does not resist axial force P - flexural stiffness of casing restrains buckling of core

Debonding material Section A-A

Bracing Configurations for BRBFs

Single Diagonal

Inverted V- Bracing

V- Bracing

X- Bracing

Two Story X- Bracing

Inelastic Response of BRBFs under Earthquake Loading

Tension Brace: Yields

Compression Brace: Yields

Compression Brace: Yields

Tension Brace: Yields

Columns and beams: remain essentially elastic

Columns and beams: remain essentially elastic

Special Plate Shear Walls (SPSW)

Assemblage of consisting of rigid frame, infilled with thin


steel plates.

Under lateral load, system behaves similar to a plate girder.


Wall plate buckles under diagonal compression and forms tension field.

Develop ductility through tension yielding of wall plate along


diagonal tension field.

System combines high stiffness with high ductility.

Inelastic Response of a SPSW


Development of tension diagonals

Shear buckling

Design of Seismic-Resistant Steel Building Structures: A Brief Overview

2005 AISC Seismic Provisions

Earthquake Effects on Structures Performance of Steel Buildings in Past Earthquakes Building Code Philosophy for Earthquake-Resistant Design and Importance of Ductility Design Earthquake Forces: ASCE-7 Steel Seismic Load Resisting Systems AISC Seismic Provisions

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