C++ Coding for Arduino Board
1. Data Types
Data types tell the Arduino what kind of data you want to store or use.
Common Data Types:
• int - Whole numbers (e.g., 10)
• float - Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14)
• char - Single character (e.g., 'A')
• bool - True or False (e.g., true)
• String - Text (e.g., "Hello")
• long - Large integers
• byte - Small numbers from 0 to 255
Example:
int age = 25;
float temperature = 36.5;
char grade = 'A';
bool isLightOn = false;
String name = "Agampreet";
2. void setup()
• This function runs only one time when the Arduino board starts or resets.
• It is used to set up things like pin modes and serial communication.
Example:
void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // Set pin 13 as output
Serial.begin(9600); // Start serial monitor
}
3. void loop()
• This function runs again and again in a continuous loop.
• Main program code goes here, which needs to be repeated.
Example:
void loop() {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // Turn on LED
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
digitalWrite(13, LOW); // Turn off LED
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
}
4. Summary Table
Term Use
int Whole numbers like 1, 2, 3
float Decimal numbers like 3.14
char Single letter like 'A'
bool True or False values
String Text like "Hello"
void setup() Runs once at start, used to set up pins and
settings
void loop() Runs forever in a loop, used for repeating
tasks
