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Python Tutorial - Learn Python Programming Language
Last Updated : 11 Aug, 2025
Python is one of the most popular programming languages. It’s simple to use, packed with features
and supported by a wide range of libraries and frameworks. Its clean syntax makes it beginner-
friendly. It's
A high-level language, used in web development, data science, automation, AI and more.
Known for its readability, which means code is easier to write, understand and maintain.
Backed by library support, so we don’t have to build everything from scratch, there’s probably a
library that already does what we need.
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Why to Learn Python?
Requires fewer lines of code compared to other programming languages.
Provides Libraries / Frameworks like Django, Flask, Pandas, Tensorflow, Scikit-learn and many
more for Web Development, AI/ML, Data Science and Data Analysis
Cross-platform, works on Windows, Mac and Linux without major changes.
Used by top tech companies like Google, Netflix and NASA.
Many Python coding job opportunities in Software Development, Data Science and AI/ML.
Do you wish to learn Python in a scheduled manner ? Try our ongoing free course Python
Skillup with weekly topic coverage, notes, daily quizzes and coding problems.
First Python Program
Here is a simple Python code, printing a string. We recommend you to edit the code and try to print
your own name.
print("Hello World")
Output
Hello World
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1. Python Basics
In this section, we’ll cover the basics of Python programming, including installing Python, writing
first program, understanding comments and working with variables, keywords and operators.
Before starting to learn python we need to install python on our system.
Introduction
Input and Output
Variables
Operators
Quiz: Basics, I/O
Keywords
Data Types
Quiz: Data Types, Numbers, Boolean
Conditional Statements
Python Loops
Quiz: Control Flow, Loops
2. Python Functions
In this section of Python 3 tutorial we'll explore Python function syntax, parameter handling, return
values and variable scope. Along the way, we'll also introduce versatile functions like range(), map,
filter and lambda functions.
Python Functions
Pass Statement in Function
Global and Local Variables
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Recursion in Python
*args and **kwargs in Function
‘Self’ as Default Argument
First Class Function
Lambda Function
Map, Reduce and Filter Function
Inner Function
Decorators
Quiz: Functions
3. Python Data Structures
Python offers versatile collections of data types, including lists, string, tuples, sets, dictionaries and
arrays. In this section, we will learn about each data types in detail.
Strings
List
Quiz: List, String
Tuples
Dictionary
Quiz: Tuples, Dictionary
Sets
Arrays
List Comprehension
Quiz: Sets, Arrays, List Comprehension
Python's collections module offers essential data structures, including the following:
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Counters
Heapq
Deque
OrderedDict
Defaultdict
Quiz: Counters, Heapq, Deque, OrderedDict
To learn data structure and algorithm with python in detail, you can refer to our DSA with
Python Tutorial.
4. Python OOP Concepts
In this section, we'll explore the core principles of object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python.
From encapsulation to inheritance, polymorphism, abstract classes and iterators, we'll cover the
essential concepts that helps you to build modular, reusable and scalable code.
Python OOP
Classes and Objects
Polymorphism
Inheritance
Abstract
Encapsulation
Iterators
Quiz: OOPs
5. Python Exception Handling
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In this section, we'll explore Python Exception Handling that how Python deals with unexpected
errors, enabling us to write fault-tolerant code. We'll cover file handling, including reading from and
writing to files.
Python Exception Handling
Built-in Exception
User defined Exception
Quiz: Exception Handling
6. File Handling
In this section, we will cover file handling, including reading from and writing to files.
File Handling
Read Files
Write/Create Files
OS Module
pathlib Module
Directory Management
Quiz: File Handling
7. Python Database Handling
In this section we will learn how to access and work with MySQL and MongoDB databases
Python MongoDB Tutorial
Python MySQL Tutorial
8. Python Packages or Libraries
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Python is a huge collection of Python Packages standard libraries that make development easier.
These libraries help with a wide range of tasks and can save you a lot of time by providing ready-to-
use tools.
Some commonly used types of libraries in Python include:
Python Packages
Built-in Modules in Python
Python DSA Libraries
Python GUI Libraries
9. Data Science with Python
1. Foundational Libraries: These are the libraries that form the base for all data science work. Start
here to build a strong foundation.
NumPy
Pandas
Matplotlib
2. Advanced Visualization and Statistical Tools: Once you’re comfortable with basic data handling
and visualization, move to creating cleaner visuals and performing statistical analysis.
Seaborn
Statsmodel
3. Machine Learning Libraries: After data manipulation and visualization, learn machine learning,
starting with simpler models and moving to advanced ones.
Scikit-learn
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XGBoost /LightGBM
4. Deep Learning Frameworks: If you’re interested in AI and deep learning, these libraries will
allow you to build and train neural networks.
TensorFlow and Keras
PyTorch
To learn more, you can refer to Python for Data Science.
10. Web Development with Python
1. Core Web Frameworks (Backend Development with Python): These are the tools for building
Python-based web applications.
Flask
Django
2. Database Integration: Learn how to connect Python web frameworks to databases for storing
and retrieving data.
SQLite
SQLAlchemy
Django ORM
3. Front-End and Backend Integration: Learn how to connect Python backends with front-end
technologies to create dynamic, full-stack web applications.
Jinja2 (Flask)
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Django Templates
4. API Development: Learn to build APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) for connecting your
backend with front-end apps or other services.
Flask-RESTful
Django REST Framework (DRF)
To learn more, you can refer to Python for Web Development.
Applications of Python
Web Development: Frameworks like Django and Flask can be used to create dynamic websites
and web applications quickly and efficiently.
Data Science & Analysis: Python is most preferred language for data analysis, visualization and
handling large datasets. Because of extensive libraries like Pandas, NumPy and Matplotlib.
Machine Learning & AI: Python is popular in AI and machine learning because of its powerful
libraries like TensorFlow, Keras and Scikit-learn.
Scripting & Automation: Python’s simplicity makes it ideal for writing scripts that automate
tasks in different systems, from server management to file handling. Python is commonly used to
automate repetitive tasks, making processes faster and more efficient.
Web Scraping: Libraries like Beautiful Soup and Scrapy.
Desktop App Development: Python can be used to build desktop applications using frameworks
like Tkinter and PyQt. Python is also used for game development, with libraries like Pygame to
create simple games.
Python Practice
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Python quiz page covers topics including variables, data types, input, output, lists, tuples,
dictionaries and sets. The Python Coding Practice Problems page offers exercises on loops,
functions, lists, strings, dictionaries, sets and advanced structures like heaps and deques.
Quizzes
Python Coding Problems
This Python tutorial is updated based on latest Python 3.13.1 version.
Important Links
Comparison of Popular Programming Languages
Careers & Jobs in Python
Companies That Use Python
Python Latest Features
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Python Tutorial - Learn Python Programming Language
Python is one of the most popular programming languages. It’s simple to use, packed with features and supported by a wide range of
libraries and frameworks. Its clean syntax makes it beginner-friendly. It'sA high-level language, used in web development, data science,…
7 min read
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