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C Language Notes

The document provides an overview of the C programming language, highlighting its development by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 and its key features such as procedural and structured programming. It covers essential components of a C program, including syntax, data types, variables, operators, control statements, functions, arrays, strings, pointers, structures, and file handling. Each section includes examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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2 views3 pages

C Language Notes

The document provides an overview of the C programming language, highlighting its development by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 and its key features such as procedural and structured programming. It covers essential components of a C program, including syntax, data types, variables, operators, control statements, functions, arrays, strings, pointers, structures, and file handling. Each section includes examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

rohannishad144
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C LANGUAGE NOTES

1. Introduction to C

- Developed by: Dennis Ritchie (1972)

- Features: Procedural, Structured, Low-level memory access, Fast

- Uses: System software, Embedded systems, Compilers

2. Structure of a C Program

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

printf("Hello, World!");

return 0;

3. Basic Syntax

- Semicolon (;): Ends a statement

- Comments:

// Single-line

/* Multi-line */

4. Data Types

- int: 2 or 4 bytes (e.g., 10)

- float: 4 bytes (e.g., 3.14)

- char: 1 byte (e.g., 'A')

- double: 8 bytes (e.g., 3.14159)

5. Variables & Constants


int a = 10;

const float pi = 3.14;

6. Operators

- Arithmetic: + - * / %

- Relational: == != > < >= <=

- Logical: && || !

- Assignment: = += -= *=

7. Input & Output

scanf("%d", &a); // Input

printf("%d", a); // Output

8. Control Statements

- if, else if, else

- switch case

- Loops: for, while, do...while

Example:

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

printf("%d", i);

9. Functions

int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b;

}
10. Arrays

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

11. Strings

char name[] = "Rohan";

12. Pointers

int a = 10;

int *ptr = &a;

13. Structures

struct Person {

char name[20];

int age;

};

14. File Handling

FILE *fp;

fp = fopen("data.txt", "r");

fclose(fp);

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