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Data_Structures_Algorithms_Class_Notes

The document outlines a course on data structures and algorithms, detailing key concepts such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, trees, and various algorithms including sorting and searching methods. It emphasizes the importance of these concepts for efficient problem-solving in computer science and their relevance in software development and technical interviews. Mastery of data structures and algorithms is presented as essential for success in the field.

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Alejandro Caruso
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3 views2 pages

Data_Structures_Algorithms_Class_Notes

The document outlines a course on data structures and algorithms, detailing key concepts such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, trees, and various algorithms including sorting and searching methods. It emphasizes the importance of these concepts for efficient problem-solving in computer science and their relevance in software development and technical interviews. Mastery of data structures and algorithms is presented as essential for success in the field.

Uploaded by

Alejandro Caruso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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# Data Structures and Algorithms Class Notes

## Course Overview
This course covers the fundamental concepts of data structures and algorithms,
focusing on their design, implementation, and analysis.

## Key Concepts

### 1. Data Structures


- **Definition:** A data structure is a way of organizing and storing data to
enable efficient access and modification.

#### Common Data Structures:


1. **Arrays**
- Fixed-size, contiguous memory allocation.
- Access time: O(1) for indexed access.

2. **Linked Lists**
- A collection of nodes, each containing data and a reference to the next node.
- Types: Singly linked list, doubly linked list, circular linked list.

3. **Stacks**
- Last In, First Out (LIFO) structure.
- Operations: Push (add), Pop (remove), Peek (view top element).

4. **Queues**
- First In, First Out (FIFO) structure.
- Operations: Enqueue (add), Dequeue (remove), Front (view front element).

5. **Hash Tables**
- Key-value pairs for efficient data retrieval.
- Average time complexity for search, insert, and delete: O(1).

6. **Trees**
- Hierarchical structure with nodes connected by edges.
- Types: Binary trees, binary search trees, AVL trees, and heaps.

### 2. Algorithms
- **Definition:** An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or
performing a task.

#### Common Algorithm Types:


1. **Sorting Algorithms**
- **Bubble Sort:** Simple comparison-based sorting algorithm. Time complexity:
O(n^2).
- **Quick Sort:** Divide-and-conquer algorithm. Average time complexity: O(n log
n).
- **Merge Sort:** Stable sorting algorithm using divide-and-conquer. Time
complexity: O(n log n).

2. **Searching Algorithms**
- **Linear Search:** Sequentially checks each element. Time complexity: O(n).
- **Binary Search:** Efficient search on sorted arrays. Time complexity: O(log
n).

3. **Graph Algorithms**
- **Depth-First Search (DFS):** Explores as far as possible along each branch
before backtracking.
- **Breadth-First Search (BFS):** Explores all neighbors at the present depth
before moving on to nodes at the next depth level.

## Conclusion
Understanding data structures and algorithms is crucial for efficient problem-
solving in computer science. Mastery of these concepts is essential for software
development and technical interviews.

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