Introduction to Web Development
LECTUR TOPICS
E NO. TO BE COVERED
Subject introduction
1 Introduction and web development strategies
2 History of web and internet
3 Protocols governing web
4 Writing web Projects
5 Connecting to internet
6 Introduction to internet services and tools
7 Introduction to client – server computing
8 Core Java : Introduction
9 Operator, Variables, Datatypes
10 Method & Classes, Inheritance
11 Exemption handling
12 Multithread Programming
13 I/O Java Applets
14 String handling, Event handling
15 Introduction to AWT, AWT controls
Introduction and web development strategies
World Wide Web: The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents access
via Internet. Web is a huge collection of pages of information linked to each other around the
globe.
Affectionally called “The Web”
It is a collection of information stored on the networked computers over the world.
Individual document pages on the World Wide Web are called web pages and are
accessed with a software application running on then user’s computer, commonly called
a web browser.
Web pages may contain text, images, videos and other multimedia components, as well
as web navigation features consisting of hyperlinks.
The WWW was proposed in 1991 by Tim Berners - Lee at CERN.
Web or Internet: Web or Internet both are not the same things.
The internet is a collection of computers or networking devices connecting together.
Devices can communicate with each other.
The Web is a collection of documents that are interconnected by hyper-links.
These documents are accessed by web browsers and provided by web servers.
Client. Any computer on the network that request services from another computer on the
network.
Server: Any computer that receives request from client computers, processes and sends
the output.
Web Page: Any page that are hosted on the Internet.
Web Site: Collection of interlinked web pages that is hosted on the Internet.
Web Development: The process of creating, modifying web pages.
Web Browser: A program that receives information from the web. E. g. IE, Chrome,
Mozilla etc.
How does the web work:
The web information is stored in the web pages. (In HTML Format)
The web pages are stored in the computers called web servers. (In the web server file
system.)
The computer reading the pages is calle3d web clients with specific web browsers. (IE,
Netscape, Mozilla, Chrome, Safari, Opera etc.)
The web server waits for the request from the web clients over the Internet.
History of Web and Internet
History of internet
The Internet grew out many developments in computer networking and
telecommunications research.
Early projects undertaken in early 1960s By the US Military (Known as DARPAnet).
Started with dozen of Networked computer system of universities and institutions,
allowing computers to be shared.
Allowing fast communication between researchers through Emails.
Only people in the government. military and academic had access to the network.
In 1991, the National science Foundation (NFS) gradually started backing off from its
subsidy of the backbone network, then allowed commercial access to the internet. With
commercial access to the internet, business and all kinds of agencies began to use the
Internet to communicate, exchange data and distribute information.
A host of business called Internet Service Providers (ISPs) sprang up. ISPs provide dialup
access to the Internet; an individual or a business opens an account with the ISP, dials
into Internet traffic grew,
Many business spent heavily to improve the internet, therefore to better service their
customers.
Big competition among communication carriers, hardware and software suppliers.
As a result, Internet’s bandwidth climbed high & cost went down
History of WWW:
WWW is created by sir Tim Berners Leein 1989at CERNin Geneva.
In 1990, the first text only browscrswere setup and CERNscientist could access hypertext
files and other information at CERN .HTML was based on subset of the standard
generalized markup language (SGML). To transfer HTML document to remote sites a
new protocol was devised called HTTP (Hypertext Transper Protocol).
In the fall of 1991, conference goes around the world started hearing about the promise
but sparks still were not flying.
In 1993 there are only about 50 websites worldwide. A browser that allowed user to
take advantage of the web’s graphical capabilities was developed at the National center
for Super Computing application (NCSA). NCSA called the browser Mosaic.
WWW allows computer users to locate and display multimedia -based documents.
Introduction in 1990 by Tim Berners -Lee of CERN (Geneva).
The potable browser is released by CERN as freeware with basic protection mechanism.
Tim Berners-Lee and laboratory of computer Science (LCS) of MIT start the W3C
Consortium in US. It is modeled after the X consortium.
Sun Microsystem in 1995, products HotJava, a browser which incorporates interactive
objects.
Protocols Governing Web
Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules that is used to communicate applications to each other
Protocols is a set of conventions governing the processing and specially the data in an
electronic communication system.
The different protocols governing the web are:
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Protocol used to access data on the WWW.
Uses one TCP connection on well known port – 80.
Two types of HTML messages; Request, Response.
Used to transport HTML pages from web servers to web browsers.
Transfer data in the form of plain text, hypertext audio, video and so on.
2 TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol)
TCP/IP is a set of protocols developed to allow cooperating computers to share
resources across a Network.
They provide a few basic services that everyone needs (File transfer, electronic mail,
remote logon, etc.…) across a very large number and client service systems. UDP (User
Datagram Protocol)
An unreliable connection less protocol used to control the management of application level
services between computers.
It is used for transport by some applications, which must provide their own reliability.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
It allows file transfer between two computers with login required.
FTP allows you to copy any kind of computer file (text, software, images, sounds, etc.)
from one computer to another via a network using the Internet. SMTP (Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol)
It is used to transport mail over Internet.
It is an application layer protocol, not a transport layer protocol. POP3 (Post Office
Protocol Version 3) This protocol is used by clients to access an internet mail server to
get
