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Android Programming Notes

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0 views4 pages

Android Programming Notes

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online school
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Android Programming Notes

Core Components
Activities

 Represent a single screen with a user interface


 Lifecycle methods:

o onCreate() - Initial setup

o onStart() - Becoming visible

o onResume() - Ready for interaction

o onPause() - Partially obscured

o onStop() - No longer visible

o onDestroy() - Before activity is destroyed

o onRestart() - Before restarting after stop

Services

 Run in background for long-running operations


 Types:

o Started (run until completion)


o Bound (client-server interface)

Broadcast Receivers

 Respond to system-wide broadcast announcements


 Can be registered in manifest or dynamically

Content Providers

 Manage shared app data


 Enable inter-app data sharing

UI Components
Views

 Basic building blocks (buttons, text fields, etc.)


 ViewGroup contains and arranges other views

Layouts

 LinearLayout - arranges views horizontally/vertically


 RelativeLayout - positions views relative to each other
 ConstraintLayout - flexible positioning with constraints
 FrameLayout - stacks views (single view typically)
 RecyclerView - efficient scrolling lists

Fragments

 Modular UI components with own lifecycle


 Can be combined in activities

Key Concepts
Intents

 Messaging objects for component communication


 Explicit (target specific component)
 Implicit (declare general action)

Manifest File

 Declares app components, permissions, requirements


 Located at app/manifests/AndroidManifest.xml

Gradle Build System

 Manages dependencies and build configurations


 build.gradle files (project and module level)

Storage Options
1. SharedPreferences - simple key-value pairs
2. Internal Storage - private app files
3. External Storage - public files
4. SQLite Databases - structured data
5. Room Persistence Library - SQLite abstraction layer
6. Network/Cloud Storage

Threading
Main Thread (UI Thread)

 Only thread that can update UI


 Long operations must not block it

Worker Threads

 AsyncTask (deprecated in API 30)


 Handler and Looper
 ThreadPools
 Kotlin Coroutines (recommended)
 RxJava

Modern Android Development


Jetpack Components

 ViewModel - manage UI-related data


 LiveData - observable data holder
 Room - database abstraction
 WorkManager - deferrable background work
 Navigation - in-app navigation

Architecture Components

 Recommended app architecture patterns (MVVM)


 Lifecycle-aware components

Kotlin

 Modern, concise language for Android


 Null safety, extension functions, coroutines

Debugging Tools
 Logcat - system logs
 Android Profiler - CPU, memory, network
 Layout Inspector - view hierarchy
 ADB (Android Debug Bridge) - command line tools

Testing
 Unit tests (JUnit)
 Instrumentation tests (Espresso, UI Automator)

Deployment
 APK (Android Package)
 AAB (Android App Bundle) - preferred format
 Google Play Store submission requirements

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