TITLE OF THE PROJECT

HOSTEL MANAGEME NT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

The project named Hostel Management System has been developed using ASP.NET. This project has been developed in partial fulfillment of Requirements for the degree of MCA (2007-2010), Punjab Technical University. Hostel Management System is web based application which helps to book Hostel in anywhere in the world. It helps to find a Hostel in a particular country or state or city. It then shows the list of Hostel s, which are located in that particular country or state or city. Customer can select anyone of the given Hostel s and can book the Hostel according to requirement.

PROBLEM WITH EXISTING SYSTEM

In manual system, there are lots of problems especially with finding the Hostel s in other countries or states or cities. It is very costly to find Hostel s and then to contact them to book a room. Customers can not see the surroundings without visiting it personally. So the customers can see the details of Hostel like rates, location, surroundings etc. online. This program has solved the problem to find the best Hostel s in a particular location. Customer doesnt need to waste the time in finding Hostel s. Customer just needs to specify the location where he/she wants to go and program will display the complete list of the all the Hostel s located in that location. Moreover booking of Hostel in this program is not cumbersome task. It is very easy to find the suitable Hostel s for your requirement.

OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT
After thoroughly analyzing the existing system the following objectives were set: Providing user friendly interface

Hostel must be shown according to specified location and dates. Hostel should be booked at least for a night Hostel Booking must be done online

Check out date should be greater than check in date

User and Administrator must be different Keeping project records online

Database must be used as backend

Maintaining data consistency Increasing the efficiency through automation Adequate validation checks for data entry Facility to update the data time to time

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION PROJECT SCOPE Completion of the development process will result in a web application that will provide user-friendly environment, which is very easy to work with, even for people with very little knowledge of computer. Management of various tasks is incorporated in the package and will deliver the required information in a very easy to use and easy to access manner. This package will provide accuracy, efficiency, speed and easiness to the end user. Paper work will be subjugated and come to an appropriate level. Monotonous and tedious part of work will become fascinating. Since the system is verified with valid as well as invalid data and is run with an insight into the necessary modifications that may require in the future, it can be maintained successfully without much hassle. Practicality: The system is quite stable and can be operated by the people with average intelligence. Efficiency: I tried to involve accuracy, comprehensiveness of the system output. timeliness and

Cost: It is desirable to aim for the system with a minimum cost subject to the condition that it must satisfy the entire requirements. Flexibility: I have tried that the system should be modifiable depending on the changing needs of the user. Such modifications should entail extensive reconstructing or recreation of software. It should also be portable to different computer systems. Security: This is a very important aspect and I have tried to cover the areas of hardware reliability, fallback procedures, and physical security of data. In addition to the user friendliness and easiness to access and input data into the system, I have tried to design the system in such a way that the information is not accessible only on LAN on which the system is running but the information will also be accessible throughout the world using the revolutionary INTERNET but it needs a little more work to be done on the software. From a programmer point of view the objective of the work done by me in the stated software is to make the whole system Object Oriented. Starting with the first step up to the final line of code I wrote, I tried to make the system Object Oriented.
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The scope of the job assigned to me as my project work is to input the required document information through various input screens, to store them in some database and output them when needed in the form of reports or they should be able to be exported to other software like EXCEL, HTML etc. The system can be implemented on a WAP enabled mobile handset, thus providing the Clients and the Providers the ease of accessing the projects and their status without any difficulty and within no time.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE TO BE USED The system must have the following hardware requirements: Pentium IV Processors 512 MB of RAM 20 GB of Hard Disk One SQL based server One domain name space to implement Web based services The system must have the following software requirements: MS Windows XP OS with .NET framework 3.5 MS-Office

Requirements Functional Requirements:

System should have facility to enter information about Hostel and its details. It must have something which allows member to sign in and make changes in saved data about a particular Hostel . Program should have ability to find the Hostel s from anywhere in the world. It must show the city and state corresponding to selected country. As the user selects the location and dates, it must show the list of Hostel s according to selected criteria. User can select any Hostel from the given list. It must show complete details of selected Hostel with images and details. As room is booked, number of vacant rooms must be decreased for those particular dates.

Non-functional Requirements:
Portability:

The system will be designed to be portable across popular Windows OS. Extensibility: The system should be extensible to add new Hostel s and Rooms Reusability: The systems code could be reused to add further new features if need to be added in future. Reliability and Availability: System must be able to deliver in required and reliable manner Software Upgradeability: System is to be developed in phases, so it shall be easily upgradeable to include the new items in the database

Panels

User panel Users can find Hostel s and can get information according to the location and dates. Admin Panel Administrator can update any information such as new Topics and new Questionnaires.

User Requirements This software has been designed keeping in view the requirements and ease of the user who is finally going to use it. After all the effort put on analysis phase, I ended up with the following requirements: 1. Easy storage, updation, deletion and retrieval of data. 2. No redundancy of data. 3. Minimal traversal time. 4. User friendly interface. 5. Proper validations and checks for the data to be entered. 6. Generation of certain automatic values. 7. Compatibility with other Microsoft based software.

Benefits of the System The system provides the following benefits: Web based Package: The system is a web based application which runs in a browser, so it is very easy to use.

Easy Retrieval of Data: Operations like add, update, delete, save and cancel etc. have been accomplished with the help of various buttons and list boxes. The user can easily view or retrieve information. Validations: There are proper validations for the information to be filled at the relevant places. So, the chances of wrong entry are minimal.

Security and Access: The system is fully secured by a password facility so that nobody can use the system or view information without the right and the permission. Only the correct password allows further navigation in the project.

User friendly: The system is completely user friendly so that the end user who may have very little knowledge of using computers can easily use the system.

Users: This site can be used by 2 types of users:

1.

Member Users The users who access to their Hostel s and they can make changes in their data only.

2. Administrator The administrator of the system is responsible for the updates to be made as per the requirement.

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FEASIBILITY STUDY Economic Feasibility It is a procedure that gives a picture of the various costs, benefits and rules associated with a system. To what extent benefits outweigh costs is the function of cost/benefit analysis. The various costs involved in this software are: Hardware Cost: Various hardware requirements have already been mentioned and the hardware cost may be ascertained on that basis.

Personnel Cost: It requires only one person i.e. administrator to work on the system

Facility Cost: are involved.

Since it is an online application, no facility costs

Operating Cost: No day-to-day costs are involved. However, the application needs to be registered which is a one time expenditure and the domain name needs to be renewed on a yearly basis. Benefits: A system is also expected to provide benefits. The first task is to identify each benefit and then assign a monetary value to it. Benefits may be tangible or intangible, direct or indirect. Some of them are:

User friendly interface Properly organized system Proper work flow

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 Information will be well used

Technical Feasibility: A study of function, performance and constraints that may affect the ability to achieve an acceptable system. Technical Analysis During technical analysis, the technical merits of the system are studied and at the same time additional information about performance, reliability, maintainability and predictability is collected. Technical analysis begins with an assessment of the technical reliability of the proposed system. What technologies are required for accomplished system function and performance? What new materials, methods, algorithms or processes are required and what is their development risk? How will these obtained from technical analysis form the basis for another go/no-go decision on the test system? If the technical risk is severe, if models indicate that the desired function cannot be achieved, if the pieces just wont fit together smoothly, its back to the drawing board. As the software is very much economically feasible, then it is really important For it to be technically sound. The software will be build among:

Front-End: ASP.NET 2.0 Logic Development: C#. NET Back-End: MS-Access

Operational Analysis The project is operationally feasible.

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SYSTEM DESIGN System design is the process of developing specifications for a candidate system that meet the criteria established in the system analysis. The plan of the project provides a review of the different modules in which the project is divided. The modules are designed and tested individually and then merged together to form an integrated project. The different types of tables being used are: Tables Used In the Project

DFD

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booking info.
Hostal managements

Room info
Reports

Studen ts info

Confirmed Ticket

1 level
Students table Request For Web Page

students

Enter the usernam e& Pass word

Login

Get a list of passwo rd Check Verif y usernam e& passwor d Search

Sign up

Enter Students Information

student Table

F or room

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Ticket

Mak e Pay ment

Enter Booking Informatio n

Ge t a list of tickets

Room information

File

Payment Information File

Book room Information File

1 level

Admin Password

Admin

Enter Request For the Web Page usernam e& Pass word

Login

Get a list of passwo rd Check

Delete,Up dateAdd, room Informatio n

Verif y usernam e& passwor For valid user d

room Information 15

File

DATABASE DESIGN

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OUTPUT

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WORKING ENVIRONMENT Understanding .Net Frame Work DEFINITION: The .Net framework can be defined as a language neutral platform designed to provide a number of rich and powerful application development tools and technologies. It has an extensive class library that provides wide-ranging support for data access. .Net framework has an independent code execution and management environment called the Common Language Runtime (CLR) which ensures that code is safe to run, and provides an abstract layer on top of the operating system, which allows the elements of the .Net framework to run on many operating systems and devices.
THE .NET VISION:

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The basic idea behind the development of the .Net framework is that a global broadband network will someday globally connect all devices and the software will become a service provided over this network. The .Net framework provides the foundation and the plumbing on which the Microsoft .Net vision is built. The vision is about having a global network and open standards like XML to make it easier for parties to exchange data and work together. Now devices will use common languages like XML over standardized or shared protocols such as HTTP and these devices will be running a multitude of software on various operating systems. This is not limited to Microsoft but also to other operating systems such as sun, IBM. The .Net framework provides the tools and the technologies needed to write applications that can seamlessly and easily communicate over the Internet using open standards like XML and SOAP. It also aims at solving the various problems that are faced by developers while working on applications made using the windows DNA. It provides a solution to problems such as registering of components and shutting down applications in order to upgrade them.

BENEFITS OF USING .NET:

The windows platform is inherently complex and may pose several problems for programmers. However the .Net platform is used as it provides solutions to many such problems and offers an Internet centric platform. The following are the benefits of using .Net platform: Multiple platform Support .Net platform has been designed keeping multiple platform support as a key feature. For version 2.0 this means that the code written using the .Net platform can run on all versions of Windows. i.e. Windows 98,95,NT,2000 and so on. Microsoft has included rich support for all the platforms. Also this code shall also work on any 64-bit processor that may be used by Microsoft later.
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It is also expected that .Net shall run on other platforms like UNIX also, however it is not for sure that all functionality will be available for the same.

. Net as a clean start

On the windows platform, the technologies available often depend on the programming language that they are written in, so they are very different. Depending on the chosen programming language, these technologies can be restrictive. The problem with this approach is that it makes the Windows platform harder to understand. Using .Net there is just one simple object oriented way of accessing the functionality of the .Net Framework.

. Net Framework

VB FORM

MFC

ASP

Windows API

(The best and most commonly used technologies being merged in .Net)
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 Performance . Net has been designed to provide great performance and scalability. For .Net to succeed, the companies must be able to immigrate their applications and not suffer due to the way the CLR works. To ensure this CLR converts the code into native machine code. So the conversion can take step-by-step method and will make use of the given machines resources and processor features. As newer versions of the CLR are released and technologies like windows forms are released, each release will have a better performance and smaller memory footprints. Also .Net has succeeded in replacing completely the older technologies like COM with better and efficient design equivalents. At the heart of the .Net platform is the CLR. NET FRAMEWORK DRILL DOWN: The .Net framework consists of four major areas: 1. Application development technologies 2. Class libraries 3. Base class libraries 4. The Common Language Runtime

. Net Framework

Application Development Technologies

Class Libraries

Base Class Libraries

Common Language Runtime

(Description of the layered .Net Framework architecture)

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The various layers can be explained in detail as: Application Development Technologies: .Net offers technologies for building web applications, providing many new features and a much cleaner programming model. The two main features are: 1) Web Services:- These are programmable business logic components that serve as black boxes to provide access to functionality via the Internet using the standard protocols such as HTTP.Web services are based on the application of XML called the SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) 2) Windows forms:- For developing standard GUI applications, the .Net Framework provides the window forms.Window forms are an extensive class library that exposes the functionality of the Windows common Controls using the Object Oriented capabilities of .net Framework.

Class libraries: The .Net Framework provides an extensive set of class libraries. This includes classes for: 1. Data access: High performance data access classes for connecting to SQL server, ORACLE or any other database for which OLEDB or ODBC provider is available. 2. XML Support: It includes next generation XML support . Base Class Libraries: The base class library in the .Net framework is huge. It covers areas such as collections; thread support, code generation, IO, reflection and many more. Common Language Runtime: The CLR proves to be one of the most radical tools use in the .Net Framework. It is a language neutral platform that converts code generated by all the languages in the .Net platform to a language called
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the (IL) Intermediate Language. This is further converted into the native machine language. The CLR enables the .Net framework to run on a number of different devices. It forms an intermediate layer between the operating system and the .Net Framework.

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ASP.NET ASP.NET is a set of web application development technologies marketed by Microsoft. Programmers can use it to build dynamic web sites, web applications and XML web services. It is part of Microsofts .NET platform and is the successor to Microsofts Active Server Pages (ASP) technology. Even though ASP.NET takes its name from Microsofts old web development technology ASP, the two differ significantly. Microsoft has completed rebuilt ASP.NET, based on the Common Language Runtime (CLR) shared by all Microsoft.Net applications. Programmers can write ASP.NET code using any of different Programming languages supported by the .NET Framework, usually C#, VB.NET, or JScript.NET, but also including open-source languages such as Perl and Python. ASP.NET has performance benefits over other script-based technologies because the server-side code is compiled to one or a few DLL files on web server. ASP.NET attempts to simplify developers transition from Windows application development to web development by offering the ability to build pages composed of controls similar to a Window user interface. A web control, such as a button or label, functions in very much the same way as its window counterpart: code can assign it properties and respond to its events. Controls know how to render themselves: whereas windows controls draw themselves to the screen, web controls produce segments of HTML and JavaScript which form part of resulting page sent to the endusers browser. ASP.NET encourages the programmer to develop applications using an event-driven GUI paradigm, rather than in conventional web-scripting environments like ASP and PHP. The framework attempts to combine existing technologies such as JavaScript with internal components like View state to bring persistent (inter-request) state to inherently stateless web environment. ASP.NET uses .NET Framework as an interface. The .NET Framework offers a managed runtime environment (like java), providing a virtual machine with JIT and a class library.

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Introduction to IIS
Internet Information Services Architecture IIS is an integral part of the Windows DNA architecture. An important role of IIS is to link clients accessing the system through the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to the other Windows DNA services, such as DHTML, ASP, and so on. In addition, IIS includes a basic set of functionality that systems developers can extend to define customized application architecture. This section contains: IIS Core Functionality: Describes the basic functionality

that you can use to build Web applications. used IIS and Component Services: Outlines the functionality to isolate, manage and coordinate processing for

transactional ASP applications.

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Microsoft Access Microsoft Access is a pseudo relational database management system from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine
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with a graphical user interface and software development tools. It is a member of the Microsoft Office suite of applications Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other Access databases, Excel, SharePoint lists, text, XML, Outlook, HTML, dBase, Paradox, Lotus 1-2-3, or any ODBC-compliant data container, including Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL and PostgreSQL. Software developers and data architects can use it to develop application software, and "power users" can use it to build simple applications. Like other Office applications, Access is supported by Visual Basic for Applications, an object-oriented programming language that can reference a variety of objects including DAO (Data Access Objects), ActiveX Data Objects, and many other ActiveX components. Visual objects used in forms and reports expose their methods and properties in the VBA programming environment, and VBA code modules may declare and call Windows operating system functions. Uses Microsoft Access is used to create simple database solutions. Access tables support a variety of standard field types, indices, and referential integrity. Access also includes a query interface, forms to display and enter data, and reports for printing. The underlying Jet database, which contains these objects, is multiuser-aware and handles record-locking and referential integrity including cascading updates and deletes. Simple tasks can be automated through macros with point-and-click options. Microsoft Access is very popular among non-programmers who can create visually pleasing and relatively advanced solutions on their own. It is also easy to place a database on a network and have multiple users share and update data without overwriting each others work. Data is locked at the record level which is significantly different from Excel which locks the entire spreadsheet. Microsoft offers a wide range of template databases within the program and for download from their website. These options are available upon starting Access and allow users to quickly use and enhance a database with pre-defined tables, queries, forms, reports, and macros. Popular templates include tracking contacts, assets, issues, events, projects, and tasks. Templates do not include VBA code. Microsoft Access also offers the ability for programmers to create solutions using the programming language Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), which is similar to Visual Basic 6.0 (VB6) and used throughout the Microsoft Office programs such as Excel, Word, Outlook and PowerPoint.
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Most VB6 code including the use of Windows API calls, can be used in VBA. Power users and developers can extend basic end-user solutions to a professional solution with advanced automation, data validation, error trapping, and multi-user support.

Features Users can create tables, queries, forms and reports, and connect them together with macros. Advanced users can use VBA to write rich solutions with advanced data manipulation and user control. The original concept of Access was for end users to be able to access data from any source. Other uses include: the import and export of data to many formats including Excel, Outlook, ASCII, dBase, Paradox, FoxPro, SQL Server, Oracle, ODBC, etc. It also has the ability to link to data in its existing location and use it for viewing, querying, editing, and reporting. This allows the existing data to change and the Access platform to always use the latest data. It can perform heterogeneous joins between data sets stored across different platforms. Access is often used by people downloading data from enterprise level databases for manipulation, analysis, and reporting locally. There is also the Jet Database format (MDB or ACCDB in Access 2007) which can contain the application and data in one file. This makes it very convenient to distribute the entire application to another user, who can run it in disconnected environments. One of the benefits of Access from a programmer's perspective is its relative compatibility with SQL (structured query language) queries can be viewed graphically or edited as SQL statements, and SQL statements can be used directly in Macros and VBA Modules to manipulate Access tables. Users can mix and use both VBA and "Macros" for programming forms and logic and offers object-oriented possibilities. VBA can also be included in queries. Microsoft Access offers parameterized queries. These queries and Access tables can be referenced from other programs like VB6 and .NET through DAO or ADO. From Microsoft Access, VBA can reference parameterized stored procedures via ADO. The desktop editions of Microsoft SQL Server can be used with Access as an alternative to the Jet Database Engine. This support started with MSDE (Microsoft SQL Server Desktop Engine), a scaled down version of
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Microsoft SQL Server 2000, and continues with the SQL Server Express versions of SQL Server 2005 and 2008. Microsoft Access is a file server-based database. Unlike clientserver relational database management systems (RDBMS), Microsoft Access does not implement database triggers, stored procedures, or transaction logging. Access 2010 (not released) does have table level triggers and stored procedures built into the ACE data engine.

SYSTEM TESTING
Testing the system
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It is the major quality control measure employed during software development. Testing is the process of executing a program with intend of finding an error. No Place of code is completely ready unless it has been fully tested. This stage is very important as it is certified whether the code developed meet the requirement specification or not. More over validations are also checked in the testing stage. Need For Testing Testing is vital to the success of the system. Testing has the logical assumption that all the part of the system is correct and the goal is successfully achieved. Inadequate testing leads to the error that may not appear until month later. A small system error can explode into a much larger problem. Second reason for testing is its utility as a useroriented vehicle before implementation. Finally testing leads to software reliability. This increases the user confidence in the system. Testing can be done with two types of data, live data and test data.

Live data: Live data is the data actually to be used in the proposed system. Test data: Test data is previously designed sample input to achieve predictable results.

Testing Methods
White Box Testing White box testing of software is predicted on close examination of procedural details. Providing test cases that exercise specific sets of
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conditions and/or loop tests logical paths through the software. White box testing, sometime called glass box testing is a test case design method that uses the control structure of the procedural design to derive test cases.

Black Box Testing Black Box testing is carried out to check the functionality of the various modules. Although they are designed to uncover error, black box testing use to demonstrate that software functions are optional, that input is corrected accepted and output is corrected produced and that the integrity of the external information is maintained. A black box test examines some fundamental aspects of the system with little regard for the internal logical structure of the software. Black box testing focuses on the functional requirements of the software. Levels of Testing A Strategy for software testing integrates software test case designs methods in well-planned series of steps that results in the successful construction software. An important software testing planned in advance and conducted systematically. Verification is performed on the output of each phase, but some faults are likely to remain undetected by these methods. These faults will be eventually reflected in the code. Testing is usually relied on to detect these faults, in addition to the faults introduced during the coding phase it self. Due to this, different levels of testing are used in the testing process; each level of testing aims to test different aspects of the system. The basic levels of testing are Unit testing Integration testing System testing System acceptances

CLIENT NEEDS

ACCEPTANC E TESTING

REQUIREME NTS

SYSTEM TESTING

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DESIGN

INTEGRATIO N TESTING

CODE

UNIT TESTING

Level of Testing The basic levels are unit testing, integration testing, and system & acceptance testing. These different levels of testing attempt to detect different types of faults. The relation of the faults introduced in different phases, and the different levels of testing are shown in above figures. modules are tested against the specifications produced during design for the modules. Unit testing is essential for verification of the code produced during the coding phase, and hence the goal is to test the internal logic of the modules. Due to its close association with coding, the coding phase is frequently called "coding & unit testing". As the focus of this testing level is on testing the code, structural testing is best suited for this level. In fact, as structural testing is not very suitable for large programs, it is used mostly at the unit testing level. Structural testing: It is an approach to testing where the tests are derived from knowledge of the software's structure and implementation this approach is can analyze the code and use knowledge about the structure of a component to derive test data. The analysis of the code can be used to find how many test cases are needed to guarantee that all of the statements in the program or component are executed at lust once during the testing process.
Unit Testing: This is the first level of testing. In this, different

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 Integration Testing: Integration Testing is the next level of testing. In this, many unit-tested modules are combined into subsystems, which are then tested. The goal here is to see if the modules can be integrated properly. Hence, the emphasis is on testing interfaces between modules. This testing activity can be considered testing the design. Once a system has been completely integrated it is possible to test the system for emergent properties such as performance and reliability. Performance tests have to be designed to ensure that the system can process its intended load. This usually involves planning a series of tests where the load is steadily increased until the system performance becomes unacceptable. This type of testing is called Stress testing. System and Acceptance Testing: The next levels are system testing & acceptance testing. Here the entire software system is tested. The reference document for this purpose is the requirements document and the goal is to see if the software meets its requirements. This is essentially a validation exercise, and in many situations it is the only validation activity. Acceptance testing is sometimes performed with realistic data of the client to determine that the software is working satisfactorily. Testing here focuses on the external behavior of the system; the internal logic of the program is not emphasized. Consequently, mostly functional testing is performed at these levels.

Testing of Forms: Forms are the interface between the user and database system. Testing of forms was extensive task. All data entry and query formats are designed using forms. Forms were tested to ensure that they are performing the tasks well they are designed for and correction and modifications were made found to be necessary. System testing is designed to uncover weaknesses that were not found in the earlier tests. This includes forced system failure and its users in the operational
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environment will implement validation of the total system as it. The total system is tested for recovery and fallback after various major failures to ensure that data are lost during the emergency. All this is done with the old system still in operation. After a successful testing of the individual programs and forms, the whole system was through a series of' test to ensure the proper working of the system as a whole. The system as a whole unit put to the all-possible inputs. The consistency and validity is then checked by the outputs. Test objectives Testing is a process of execution a program with the intent of finding error. A good test case is one that has a high portability of finding an undiscovered error. A successful test is one that uncovers an as-yet-discovered error. Testing principles All tests should be traceable to customer requirements. Test should be planned long before testing begins. Testing should begin "in small" and progress towards testing "in the large. To be most effective, an independent third party should conduct testing. Test Plan The first step in the System Testing is to prepare a plan that will test all aspects of the system in a way that promotes its credibility among potential users. There is a psychology in testing: Programmers usually do a better job in unit testing because they are expected to document and report on the method and extent of their testing. Programmers are involved when they become aware of the user problems and expectations.

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