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MySQL_Quick_Notes

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system that allows users to create, modify, and manage databases using SQL commands. Key concepts include basic SQL commands, clauses for filtering and sorting data, various types of joins, constraints for data integrity, and aggregate functions for data analysis. Additionally, important topics such as normalization, indexing, transactions, and ACID properties are covered, along with common interview questions related to MySQL.

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Hemant Balklhande
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4 views3 pages

MySQL_Quick_Notes

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system that allows users to create, modify, and manage databases using SQL commands. Key concepts include basic SQL commands, clauses for filtering and sorting data, various types of joins, constraints for data integrity, and aggregate functions for data analysis. Additionally, important topics such as normalization, indexing, transactions, and ACID properties are covered, along with common interview questions related to MySQL.

Uploaded by

Hemant Balklhande
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MySQL Quick Revision Notes

What is MySQL?

- MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).

Basic SQL Commands:

- CREATE TABLE: Create a new table

- INSERT INTO: Add data to a table

- SELECT: Retrieve data from a table

- UPDATE: Modify data

- DELETE: Remove data

Example:

CREATE TABLE students (id INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(50));

INSERT INTO students VALUES (1, 'Hemant');

SELECT * FROM students;

UPDATE students SET name='Rahul' WHERE id=1;

DELETE FROM students WHERE id=1;

Clauses:

- WHERE: Filters rows (SELECT * FROM students WHERE id=1);

- ORDER BY: Sorts results (SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY name);

- GROUP BY: Groups rows (used with aggregate functions);

- HAVING: Filters groups (like WHERE but used with GROUP BY);

Joins:
- INNER JOIN: Returns matching rows from both tables

- LEFT JOIN: All rows from left table + matched rows from right

- RIGHT JOIN: All rows from right table + matched rows from left

Example:

SELECT s.name, m.marks FROM students s

INNER JOIN marks m ON s.id = m.student_id;

Constraints:

- PRIMARY KEY: Uniquely identifies each row

- FOREIGN KEY: Links two tables

- NOT NULL: Value cannot be empty

- UNIQUE: All values must be different

- DEFAULT: Sets default value

Aggregate Functions:

- COUNT(): Counts rows

- SUM(): Adds values

- AVG(): Average value

- MAX(): Highest value

- MIN(): Lowest value

Other Important Concepts:

- Normalization: Reducing data redundancy

- Index: Speeds up search operations

- Views: Virtual tables


- Transactions: Group of SQL operations (COMMIT, ROLLBACK)

- ACID Properties: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Interview Questions:

1. What is MySQL?

- A relational database used to store structured data.

2. What is a primary key?

- A column that uniquely identifies each row.

3. Difference between WHERE and HAVING?

- WHERE filters rows; HAVING filters groups.

4. What is a JOIN? Types?

- Combines data from multiple tables: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL

5. What is normalization?

- Organizing data to reduce redundancy.

6. What is a transaction?

- A sequence of SQL operations treated as a single unit.

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