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Java Interview CheatSheet 7 Years

The document outlines key topics in Core Java, Multithreading, Spring Framework, REST APIs, Database management, System Design, Testing, Coding, Best Practices, and Behavioral Questions. It covers essential concepts such as memory management, concurrency, dependency injection, API design, and software testing methodologies. Additionally, it addresses soft skills and experiences relevant to technical leadership and problem-solving in software development.

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Jayesh Bhoir
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
3 views2 pages

Java Interview CheatSheet 7 Years

The document outlines key topics in Core Java, Multithreading, Spring Framework, REST APIs, Database management, System Design, Testing, Coding, Best Practices, and Behavioral Questions. It covers essential concepts such as memory management, concurrency, dependency injection, API design, and software testing methodologies. Additionally, it addresses soft skills and experiences relevant to technical leadership and problem-solving in software development.

Uploaded by

Jayesh Bhoir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Core Java

• Differences between HashMap, ConcurrentHashMap, LinkedHashMap, TreeMap


• Memory management and garbage collection in Java
• final vs finally vs finalize()
• Preventing memory leaks
• Difference between == and .equals()
• Shallow copy vs deep copy
• Creating immutable classes
• Functional interfaces and examples

Multithreading & Concurrency


• synchronized vs Lock interface
• volatile keyword usage
• Callable, Future, CompletableFuture
• Avoiding deadlocks
• wait() vs sleep()
• When to use ConcurrentHashMap

Spring Framework
• Spring Bean lifecycle
• Dependency injection in Spring
• Bean scopes
• @Component, @Service, @Repository, @Controller differences
• Global exception handling
• Spring Boot auto-configuration
• @Transactional and transaction management
• Securing Spring Boot apps

REST APIs & Microservices


• REST vs SOAP
• Idempotent HTTP methods
• API versioning strategies
• Inter-service communication techniques
• Spring Cloud Config usage
• Fault tolerance (Circuit Breaker, Retry)
• Service discovery (Eureka, Consul)
• Securing microservices (JWT, OAuth2)

Database (SQL & NoSQL)


• JOIN types: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT
• Optimizing slow SQL queries
• Normalization vs denormalization
• How indexes work and when to avoid them
• NoSQL experience (MongoDB, Redis)
• Handling distributed transactions (Saga pattern)

System Design & Architecture


• Design a URL shortener
• Scalable file upload service
• Messaging system design patterns
• CQRS and Event Sourcing concepts
• Large file processing in Java
• Eventual consistency
• Monolithic vs microservices architecture

Testing & DevOps


• Unit testing Spring Boot apps
• Mockito: @Mock, @Spy, @InjectMocks
• JUnit5 basics
• CI/CD setup (Jenkins, GitHub Actions)
• Environment-based config handling

Coding & Problem Solving


• Producer-consumer with threads
• Implementing LRU cache
• Processing CSV files
• Task scheduler design

Best Practices & Soft Skills


• Handling legacy code
• Applying SOLID principles
• Code review process
• Mentoring junior developers
• Handling production incidents

Behavioral Questions
• Optimization of critical systems
• Challenging bugs you've solved
• Prioritization under pressure
• Leading technical projects

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