Java Learning Roadmap for Beginners
Stage 1: Java Fundamentals (Weeks 1-3)
- What is Java? Why use Java?
- Installing JDK, IntelliJ IDEA / Eclipse
- Your first Java program: Hello World
Core Concepts:
- Variables and Data Types: int, float, char, boolean, String
- Operators: +, -, *, /, %, ==, !=, etc.
- Conditional Statements: if, else if, switch
- Loops: for, while, do-while
- Basic Input/Output: Scanner, System.out
Practice:
- Print patterns (*, numbers)
- Sum of digits, reverse number
- Find prime numbers, palindromes
Stage 2: Object-Oriented Programming (Weeks 4-5)
Concepts:
- Classes and Objects
- Constructors
- this keyword
- Encapsulation (Getters/Setters)
- Inheritance
- Polymorphism (Method Overloading & Overriding)
- Abstraction (Abstract classes & Interfaces)
Practice:
- Create a BankAccount, Student, Employee class
- Inheritance examples like Animal -> Dog -> Puppy
Stage 3: Intermediate Java (Weeks 6-8)
Concepts:
- Arrays and ArrayLists
- Strings and StringBuilder
- Exception Handling (try-catch-finally, throw, throws)
- Static and Final keywords
- Packages & Access Modifiers
- Enum
Practice:
- Sorting arrays
- Reverse string, check anagram
- Handle input errors using try-catch
Stage 4: Java Collections Framework (Weeks 9-10)
Topics:
- List (ArrayList, LinkedList)
- Set (HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet)
- Map (HashMap, TreeMap, LinkedHashMap)
- Queue, Stack
- Iterator
Practice:
- Frequency counter using HashMap
- Remove duplicates using Set
- Stack-based expression evaluation
Stage 5: File I/O, Threads, and Misc (Weeks 11-12)
Topics:
- File Handling: FileReader, BufferedReader, FileWriter
- Multithreading: Thread, Runnable, synchronized
- Lambda Expressions
- Date and Time API
- Wrapper Classes
Stage 6: Build Projects (Ongoing)
Mini Projects Ideas:
- Student Management System
- Simple Banking Application
- To-Do List (Console-Based)
- Text-based Quiz App
- File Encryption Tool
Stage 7: Learn Java with Frameworks (Optional)
Topics:
- JDBC (Database Connectivity)
- JavaFX or Swing (GUI)
- Servlets & JSP (for Web)
- Spring Boot (For advanced backend dev)
Recommended Resources:
Books:
- Head First Java by Kathy Sierra
- Effective Java by Joshua Bloch
YouTube Channels:
- CodeWithHarry
- Telusko
- BroCode
Practice:
- LeetCode
- HackerRank
- GeeksforGeeks
Tips for Success:
- Practice coding daily.
- Solve 1-2 problems from platforms like LeetCode or GFG.
- Build small projects as soon as you learn OOP.
- Join Java communities: Reddit, StackOverflow, Discord.