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Python for Data Analysis Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on using Python for data analysis, highlighting key libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn. It covers essential topics including data manipulation, cleaning, aggregation, visualization, and basic statistics, along with practical examples. Additionally, it offers tips for interviews related to data analysis skills.

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10 views3 pages

Python for Data Analysis Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on using Python for data analysis, highlighting key libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn. It covers essential topics including data manipulation, cleaning, aggregation, visualization, and basic statistics, along with practical examples. Additionally, it offers tips for interviews related to data analysis skills.

Uploaded by

tarakanadhnanduri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Python for Data Analysis - Complete Notes

1. Introduction to Python for Data Analysis

Python is a powerful and widely-used language in data analysis due to its simplicity and rich ecosystem of
libraries. It supports data manipulation, visualization, and machine learning tasks efficiently.

2. Key Libraries for Data Analysis

- NumPy: For numerical operations


- Pandas: For data manipulation and analysis
- Matplotlib: For basic data visualization
- Seaborn: For statistical plots
- Plotly: For interactive visualizations
- Scikit-learn: For machine learning
- Statsmodels: For statistical modeling

3. NumPy Basics

NumPy provides array objects and functions to perform mathematical operations efficiently.

Example:
import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print(arr.mean()) # Output: 2.0

4. Pandas Essentials

Pandas is used to handle tabular data using DataFrames and Series.

Example:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
print(df.head())
print(df.describe())

5. Data Cleaning with Pandas

- Handling missing values: df.dropna(), df.fillna()


- Filtering data: df[df['column'] > value]
Python for Data Analysis - Complete Notes

- Renaming columns: df.rename(columns={'old': 'new'})


- Changing data types: df['col'] = df['col'].astype(int)

6. Data Aggregation & Grouping

Grouping helps in aggregating data:


df.groupby('column')['sales'].sum()
df.pivot_table(index='category', values='sales', aggfunc='mean')

7. Data Visualization with Matplotlib & Seaborn

Matplotlib:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
plt.show()

Seaborn:
import seaborn as sns
sns.barplot(x='category', y='sales', data=df)

8. Handling Time Series Data

Pandas supports datetime operations:


df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])
df.set_index('date', inplace=True)
df['value'].resample('M').mean()

9. Basic Statistics with Python

You can compute basic statistics with Pandas or NumPy:


df['column'].mean(), median(), std(), var(), value_counts()

10. Intro to Scikit-learn

Scikit-learn is used for ML modeling:


from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
model = LinearRegression()
model.fit(X_train, y_train)
Python for Data Analysis - Complete Notes

predictions = model.predict(X_test)

11. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

- Understand data shape and types


- Check missing values
- Use df.describe(), df.info(), df.nunique()
- Visualize with histograms, boxplots, correlation heatmaps

12. Interview Tips

- Be confident in Pandas and NumPy


- Know how to clean and filter data
- Practice basic visualizations
- Understand simple ML concepts like linear regression
- Be ready to write logic for real-world scenarios

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