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Java Programming Concepts

The document outlines key Java programming concepts, including access modifiers, the main method, keywords, and data types. It explains the four access modifiers (public, private, protected, and default), the structure and purpose of the main method, and categorizes Java keywords and data types into primitive and non-primitive types. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate their usage in Java code.

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2 views5 pages

Java Programming Concepts

The document outlines key Java programming concepts, including access modifiers, the main method, keywords, and data types. It explains the four access modifiers (public, private, protected, and default), the structure and purpose of the main method, and categorizes Java keywords and data types into primitive and non-primitive types. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate their usage in Java code.

Uploaded by

jflaster93
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Java Programming Concepts

### 1. Access Modifiers

Access modifiers in Java define the scope and visibility of a class, method, or variable. Java

provides four types of access modifiers:

- **Public**: Accessible from any other class.

- **Private**: Accessible only within the class in which it is declared.

- **Protected**: Accessible within the same package and by subclasses.

- **Default (Package-private)**: Accessible only within the same package.

**Example:**

```java

package example;

public class AccessModifierExample {

public int publicVariable = 10;

private int privateVariable = 20;

protected int protectedVariable = 30;

int defaultVariable = 40;

public void display() {

System.out.println("Public: " + publicVariable);

System.out.println("Private: " + privateVariable);

System.out.println("Protected: " + protectedVariable);

System.out.println("Default: " + defaultVariable);


}

```

---

### 2. Main Method [public static void main(String[] args)]

The `main` method is the entry point of any Java application. Its signature is:

```java

public static void main(String[] args)

```

- **Public**: The method is accessible from outside the class.

- **Static**: The method can be called without creating an object.

- **Void**: The method does not return a value.

- **String[] args**: Command-line arguments passed to the program.

**Example:**

```java

public class MainExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Hello, World!");

```

---
### 3. Java Keywords

Java keywords are reserved words with predefined meanings and purposes. Examples include:

- **Control statements**: `if`, `else`, `switch`, `for`, `while`

- **Access modifiers**: `public`, `private`, `protected`

- **Class and object management**: `class`, `interface`, `extends`, `implements`

- **Data types**: `int`, `double`, `boolean`

**Example:**

```java

public class KeywordExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int number = 10;

if (number > 5) {

System.out.println("Number is greater than 5");

```

---

### 4. Java Data Types

Data types specify the type of data that variables can hold.

#### Primitive Data Types:

1. **Numeric**:
- `byte`, `short`, `int`, `long`: Whole numbers.

- `float`, `double`: Decimal numbers.

2. **Non-numeric**:

- `char`: Single character.

- `boolean`: True or false.

#### Non-Primitive Data Types:

1. **String**: Sequence of characters.

2. **Arrays**: Collection of elements.

3. **Objects**: Instances of classes.

**Example:**

```java

public class DataTypeExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int age = 25;

double price = 19.99;

char grade = 'A';

boolean isStudent = true;

System.out.println("Age: " + age);

System.out.println("Price: " + price);

System.out.println("Grade: " + grade);

System.out.println("Is Student: " + isStudent);

```
---

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