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Manual Testing Detailed Notes

Manual testing involves testers manually executing test cases to identify bugs, following a structured Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) that includes requirement analysis, test planning, and execution. Various types of manual testing, such as functional and regression testing, are utilized, alongside a clear defect lifecycle and distinctions between severity and priority of bugs. The document also outlines test deliverables, common test management and bug tracking tools, and includes common interview questions related to manual testing.

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9 views4 pages

Manual Testing Detailed Notes

Manual testing involves testers manually executing test cases to identify bugs, following a structured Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) that includes requirement analysis, test planning, and execution. Various types of manual testing, such as functional and regression testing, are utilized, alongside a clear defect lifecycle and distinctions between severity and priority of bugs. The document also outlines test deliverables, common test management and bug tracking tools, and includes common interview questions related to manual testing.

Uploaded by

dekija2631
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Manual Testing - Detailed Notes

1. What is Manual Testing?

Manual testing is a process where software testers manually operate a software application to detect bugs.

They follow a written test plan and execute each test case without using any automated tools.

Goal: Ensure the software is working as expected based on defined requirements.

2. Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC)

STLC includes:

- Requirement Analysis - Understand what needs to be tested.

- Test Planning - Define strategy, schedule, and resources.

- Test Case Development - Write test cases and prepare test data.

- Test Environment Setup - Prepare hardware/software to execute tests.

- Test Execution - Run test cases and log defects.

- Test Cycle Closure - Evaluate cycle completion and create test summary reports.

3. Test Case Components

Test Case ID, Title, Precondition, Steps to Execute, Expected Result, Actual Result, Status.

Example:

Test Case ID: TC001

Title: Login Functionality

Precondition: User is registered

Steps:

1. Open app

2. Enter credentials

3. Click Login

Expected: Dashboard is displayed

4. Types of Manual Testing

- Functional Testing - Tests features against requirements.


Manual Testing - Detailed Notes

- Non-functional Testing - Tests performance, usability, etc.

- Smoke Testing - Basic checks to ensure system stability.

- Sanity Testing - Focused testing after small changes.

- Regression Testing - Rechecking existing functionality.

- Retesting - Re-executing failed test cases after bug fixes.

5. Levels of Testing

- Unit Testing - Done by developers on individual components.

- Integration Testing - Checks data flow between modules.

- System Testing - Tests the entire application.

- User Acceptance Testing (UAT) - Client-side validation.

6. Defect/Bug Lifecycle

1. New

2. Assigned

3. Open

4. Fixed

5. Retest

6. Verified

7. Closed or Reopened

8. Deferred or Rejected

7. Severity vs Priority

- Severity - Impact of the bug on the system.

- Priority - Urgency of fixing the bug.

Example: Login button not working

High Severity, High Priority

8. Black Box Testing Techniques


Manual Testing - Detailed Notes

- Equivalence Partitioning - Divide input data into valid/invalid sets.

- Boundary Value Analysis - Test edge values like min/max.

- Decision Table - Represents rules and actions.

- State Transition - Based on system states and inputs.

9. White Box Testing Techniques

- Statement Coverage - Every line of code is executed.

- Branch Coverage - Every decision branch is tested.

- Condition Coverage - True/false of each condition is tested.

10. Test Deliverables

- Test Plan

- Test Cases

- Test Scripts (if automation is used later)

- Defect Report

- RTM (Requirement Traceability Matrix)

- Test Summary Report

11. Common Test Management Tools

- TestLink - Open-source tool for test case management.

- Zephyr - JIRA plugin for managing test cycles.

- qTest, PractiTest - Enterprise test management tools.

12. Popular Bug Tracking Tools

- JIRA

- Bugzilla

- Redmine

- Mantis
Manual Testing - Detailed Notes

13. Common Interview Questions

- What is the difference between verification and validation?

- What is the bug life cycle?

- Difference between smoke and sanity testing?

- What is RTM?

- What is regression vs retesting?

- Explain severity vs priority with examples.

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