LUPANG HINIRANG
1
BAHAY-
KUBO
2
BOOM TARAT-
TARAT
OTSO-OTSO
LERON-
LERON SINTA
REPRESENTATION
Of
FUNCTION
Prepared by: Miss Naize Jann S.
TANOJA
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students must be
able to…
a. define function, relation, domain, and
range.
b. determine function, domain, and
range.
c. represent real-life situations using
functions including piecewise
function.
“ All our dreams can come
true, if we have the courage to
pursue them.”
—Walt Disney
Lesson 1
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
What is
relation?
A relation is a set of
ordered pairs.
a. Domain (Input or x-
value).
b. Range ( Output or y-
value)
What is a function?
Definition of a Function:
• It is a relation define as a set of ordered
pairs (x, y) where no two or more distinct
ordered pairs have the same first element
(x).
• Every value of x corresponds to a unique
value of y
Examples:
• Illustrations below are examples of a
function
Is it a function or not?
What is the difference
between a function and a
relation?
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS
A relation is a rule that A function is a relation
relates values from a where each element in
set of values called the the domain is related to
domain to a second set only one value in the
of values called the range by some rule.
range.
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS
The elements of the The elements of the
domain can be domain can be imagined
imagined as input to a as input to a machine
machine that applies that applies a rule so that
rule to these inputs to each input corresponds
generate one or more to only one output.
outputs.
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS
A relation is also a set of A function is a set of
ordered pairs (x, y). ordered pairs (x, y) such
that no two ordered pairs
have the same x-value
but different y-values.
Is it a function or not?
a. f = {(0, -1), (2, -5), (4, -9), (6,-13)}
b. r ={(a, 0), (b, -1), (c, 0), (d, -1)}
c. g = (5, -10), (25, -50), (50, -100)
d. t = {(-2, 0), (-1, 1), (0, 1), (-2, 2)}
The function as a machine…
We will try to represent mathematical
relations as machines with an input
and an output, and that the output is
related to the input by some rule.
Determine if this machine produces
a function…
Determine if this machine produces
a function…
Determine if this machine produces
a function…
Determine if this machine produces
a function…
What is a table of
values?
Table of Values
a
• A table of values is commonly
observed when describing a function.
• This shows the correspondence
between a set of values of x and a set
of values of y in a tabular form.
Examples of Table of Values
a
x 0 1 4 9 16
y -5 -4 -1 4 11
x -1 -1/4 0 1/4 1
y -1 - 1/2 0 1/2 1
Is it a function or not?
1.A jeepney and its plate number
2.A student and his ID number
3.A teacher and his cellular phone
4.A pen and the color of its ink
What is a vertical line
test?
Vertical Line Test
a
• The vertical line test for a function
states that if each vertical line
intersects a graph in the x-y plane at
exactly one point, then the graph
illustrates a function.
Is this a function or not?
Is this a function or not?
Is this a function or not?
Relationship Between the Independent
and Dependent Variables
Process
Input Output
(equation
(value of x) (value of y)
rule)
Examples:
1. Find the value of y in the equation
y = 10x – 3 if x = - 5.
2. Find the value of x if the value of y
𝟑𝒙+𝟖
in the equation 𝐲 = is 2.
𝒙−𝟐
Applications:
1. A car has travelled a distance of 124
kilometers in 4 hours. Find the speed of the
car.
2. The volume of the cube is defined by the
function 𝑽 = 𝒔𝟑 where s is the length of the
edge.
• What is the volume of the cube if the
length of the edge is 5 cm?
• What is the length of its edge if its
volume is 728 cubic meters?
Lesson 2
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
Evaluating Functions
a
• It is the process of determining the
value of the function at the number
assigned to a given variable.
Example:
Let 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒. Find the following
values of the function
a. f (2)
b. f (-1)
c. f (0)
d. f (- ½ )
e. f (- 4)
Example:
Let 𝐠 𝐱 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟒 . Find the following
values of the function
a. g (2)
b. g (4)
c. g (0)
d. g (9)
e. g (- 1/3)
Example:
𝟒𝒙+𝟖
Let h 𝐱 = . Find the following values
𝟐𝒙−𝟒
of the function
a. h (1)
b. h (-2)
c. h (6)
d. h (0)
e. h (2)
Lesson 3
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
DOMAIN AND RANGE OF
FUNCTIONS
Domain D of a Function
a
• It is the set of all x-coordinates in the
set of ordered pairs.
Range R of a Function
a
• It is the set of all y-coordinates in the
set of ordered pairs.
Determine the domain and the range
of the following:
a x 0 1 4 9 16
y -5 -4 -1 4 11
x -1 -1/4 0 1/4 1
y -1 - 1/2 0 1/2 1
More on Independent Variables
a
• There are instances in which not all
values of the independent variables
are permissible.
• That is, some functions have
restrictions.
Determine the domain and the range
of the following:
𝟓
a𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒈 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝟒
𝒙+𝟐
𝒙+𝟑
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙−𝟐
Piece-wise Functions
a
• These are functions which are defined
in defined in different domains since
they are determined by several
equations.
Determine the domain and the range
of the following:
2x + 3 if x ≠ 2
a𝒇 𝒙 = { 4 if x = 2
2x + 3 if x < 1
𝒇 𝒙 = { – 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐 if x ≥ 1
Lesson 4
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
OPERATIONS ON
FUNCTIONS
Operations on Functions
If f and g are functions then
• (f + g) = f(x) + g(x)
• (f – g) = f(x)– g(x)
• (f ∙ g) = f(x) ∙ g(x)
𝒇 𝒇(𝒙)
• 𝒙 = where g(x) ≠ 0
𝒈 𝒈(𝒙)
Example
𝟐
Let f(x) = 𝒙 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑 and g(x)= x – 1.
Perform the operations and identify the
domain
• (f + g)
• (f – g)
• (f ∙ g)
𝒇
• 𝒙
𝒈
Example
𝟐
Let f(x)= x – 3 and g(x) = 𝒙 + 𝟗 .
Perform the operations and identify the
domain
• (f + g)
• (f – g)
• (f ∙ g)
𝒇
• 𝒙
𝒈
Perform the indicated operations.
1. (f + g)
2. (f – g)
3. (f ∙ g)
𝒇
4. 𝒙
𝒈
Lesson 5
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS
Operations on Functions
If f and g are functions then the
composite function denoted by 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈, is
defined by
𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 = 𝒇 𝒈(𝒙)
Operations on Functions
The domain of 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 is the set of all
numbers x in the domain of g such that
g(x) is in the domain of f.
Example
Let f(x)= x – 3 and g(x) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗. Find
• (𝒇 ∘ 𝒈)(x)
• (𝒈 ∘ 𝒇)(x)
• (𝒇 ∘ 𝒈)(3)
• (𝒈 ∘ 𝒇)(- 4)
Lesson 6
REVIEW ON FUNCTIONS
EVEN AND ODD
FUNCTIONS
Even and Odd Functions
• A function f is said to be even if
f(–x)=f(x) for each value of x in the
domain of f.
• A function f is said to be odd if
f(–x)= – f(x) for each value of x in the
domain of f.
Example
Determine whether each of the following
functions is even, odd or neither
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙𝟒 − 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎
• 𝒇 𝒙 = −𝒙𝟓 + 𝟑𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙
𝟑 𝟐
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐
