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Scratch Programming Notes

Scratch is a block-based visual programming language aimed at beginners, allowing users to create programs by dragging and connecting code blocks. The interface includes components like the stage, sprites, and a blocks palette, with various categories of blocks for motion, looks, sound, events, control, sensing, operators, and variables. Key concepts include loops, conditionals, and variables, with tips for improving projects and advanced features like cloning and custom blocks.

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16 views4 pages

Scratch Programming Notes

Scratch is a block-based visual programming language aimed at beginners, allowing users to create programs by dragging and connecting code blocks. The interface includes components like the stage, sprites, and a blocks palette, with various categories of blocks for motion, looks, sound, events, control, sensing, operators, and variables. Key concepts include loops, conditionals, and variables, with tips for improving projects and advanced features like cloning and custom blocks.

Uploaded by

online school
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Scratch Programming Notes

1. Introduction to Scratch
 Scratch is a block-based visual programming language developed by MIT.
 Designed for beginners (ages 8-16) but used by all ages to learn coding concepts.
 Programs are created by dragging and connecting code blocks (no typing required).

2. Scratch Interface
Main Components:

1. Stage: Where the project runs (output area).


2. Sprite: Characters/objects that perform actions.
3. Blocks Palette: Contains coding blocks (Motion, Looks, Sound, etc.).
4. Scripts Area: Where you drag and snap blocks to create scripts.
5. Backdrop: The background of the stage.

3. Basic Blocks & Categories


Motion

 Move (10) steps


 Turn (15) degrees
 Go to (x: 0, y: 0)
 Glide (1) secs to (x: 100, y: 100)

Looks

 Say ("Hello!") for (2) secs


 Switch costume to (costume2)
 Change size by (10)
 Show / Hide

Sound

 Play sound (meow)


 Change volume by (10)

Events

 When (green flag) clicked


 When (space) key pressed
 When (sprite) clicked

Control

 Wait (1) seconds


 Repeat (10)
 Forever
 If (condition) then

Sensing

 Touching (mouse-pointer)?
 Ask ("What's your name?") and wait
 Answer (stores user input)

Operators

 ( ) + ( ) (Addition)

 ( ) > ( ) (Greater than)

 Join ("hello" "world") → "helloworld"

Variables

 Create a variable (e.g., score)


 Set (score) to (0)
 Change (score) by (1)

4. Creating a Simple Project


Example: Moving Cat

1. Event Block:
scratch

when green flag clicked

2. Motion Block:
scratch

forever
move (10) steps
if on edge, bounce

Example: Interactive Sprite

1. Event Block:

scratch

when this sprite clicked

2. Looks & Sound:


scratch

say ("Meow!") for (2) secs


play sound (meow)

5. Key Concepts
 Loops: forever, repeat
 Conditionals: if-else
 Variables: Store data (e.g., score, lives)
 Broadcasting: Send messages between sprites

6. Tips for Better Scratch Projects


 Use comments (right-click → Add Comment) to explain code.
 Keep scripts organized (group related blocks).
 Test frequently to catch bugs early.
 Explore remixing others' projects for learning.

7. Advanced Features
 Cloning: Create copies of sprites.
 Custom Blocks: Make your own functions.
 Extensions: Add pen, music, or video sensing.

8. Resources
 Scratch Official Website
 Scratch tutorials (built-in & community-made)

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