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Python Mastery Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on Python programming, covering basics, control statements, functions, data structures, object-oriented programming, file handling, modules, exception handling, advanced concepts, popular libraries, project ideas, and interview questions. Key topics include dynamic typing, decision-making structures, class and object definitions, and common libraries like pandas and matplotlib. It also suggests project ideas and lists potential interview questions related to Python.

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premananddalvi11
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11 views4 pages

Python Mastery Notes

The document provides comprehensive notes on Python programming, covering basics, control statements, functions, data structures, object-oriented programming, file handling, modules, exception handling, advanced concepts, popular libraries, project ideas, and interview questions. Key topics include dynamic typing, decision-making structures, class and object definitions, and common libraries like pandas and matplotlib. It also suggests project ideas and lists potential interview questions related to Python.

Uploaded by

premananddalvi11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Mastery Notes

1. Basics of Python

- Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language.

- No need to declare data types (dynamic typing).

- Example:

x=5

print(x)

2. Control Statements

- Used for decision-making and loops.

- if, if-else, elif, for, while

Example:

if x > 0:

print("Positive")

3. Functions

- A function is a block of code which runs only when it is called.

Example:

def greet():

print("Hello")

greet()

4. Data Structures

- List: Ordered, changeable

my_list = [1, 2, 3]

- Tuple: Ordered, unchangeable

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)
Python Mastery Notes

- Set: Unordered, unique items

my_set = {1, 2, 3}

- Dictionary: Key-value pairs

my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}

5. Object-Oriented Programming

- Class and Object: class is blueprint; object is instance.

- self: Refers to the object.

- Inheritance, Encapsulation, Polymorphism

Example:

class Person:

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

def greet(self):

print("Hello", self.name)

6. File Handling

- Used to read/write files.

- open(), read(), write(), close()

Example:

f = open("file.txt", "r")

print(f.read())

f.close()

7. Modules and Packages

- Module: A file with Python code (.py)

- Importing modules:
Python Mastery Notes

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))

- Package: A folder with __init__.py and modules.

8. Exception Handling

- Try-except block to handle errors.

Example:

try:

x=1/0

except ZeroDivisionError:

print("Cannot divide by zero")

9. Advanced Concepts

- Lambda: Anonymous function

square = lambda x: x * x

- map(), filter(), reduce()

- List Comprehension:

[x for x in range(5) if x % 2 == 0]

10. Popular Libraries

- pandas: Data manipulation

- matplotlib: Data visualization

- tkinter: GUI applications

- requests: API calls

11. Project Ideas


Python Mastery Notes

- Calculator (GUI)

- To-do List App

- Weather App using API

- Web Scraper

- File Organizer

12. Interview Questions

1. What are Python data types?

2. Explain difference between list and tuple.

3. What is inheritance?

4. How to handle exceptions?

5. What is lambda function?

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