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File Handling Python Notes

The document provides an overview of file handling in Python, explaining concepts such as file objects, types of files, and various file modes. It includes examples of writing to and reading from files, as well as using the 'with' statement for file operations. Additionally, it covers the Pickle module for saving and loading Python objects in binary format.

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1 views4 pages

File Handling Python Notes

The document provides an overview of file handling in Python, explaining concepts such as file objects, types of files, and various file modes. It includes examples of writing to and reading from files, as well as using the 'with' statement for file operations. Additionally, it covers the Pickle module for saving and loading Python objects in binary format.

Uploaded by

ashok.sharma.opo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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File Handling in Python - Notes with Examples

1. What is a File?
A file is a named location on secondary storage where data is stored permanently for later use.

2. File Handle (or File Object)


When a file is opened using open(), Python returns a file handle (file object).
Syntax: file_handle = open("filename.txt", "mode")
Example:
f = open("data.txt", "w")
f.write("Hello!")
f.close()

File Handle Attributes:


f.name # filename
f.mode # file mode
f.closed # True if closed

3. Types of Files
- Text File: Human-readable (.txt, .csv)
- Binary File: Byte format (.jpg, .dat, .exe)

4. File Modes
Mode | Purpose
---------------------------
'r' | Read
'w' | Write (overwrite)
'a' | Append
'r+' | Read + Write
'w+' | Write + Read
'a+' | Append + Read
Add 'b' for binary: 'rb', 'wb'

5. Writing to a File
write():
f = open("file.txt", "w")
f.write("Welcome to Python!")
f.close()

writelines():
f = open("file.txt", "w")
f.writelines(["Line 1\n", "Line 2\n"])
f.close()

6. Reading from a File


read(n):
f = open("file.txt", "r")
print(f.read(5))
f.close()

readline():
f = open("file.txt", "r")
print(f.readline())
f.close()

readlines():
f = open("file.txt", "r")
print(f.readlines())
f.close()

Loop reading:
with open("file.txt", "r") as f:
for line in f:
print(line.strip())

7. With Statement
with open("file.txt", "r") as f:
data = f.read()

8. tell() and seek()


tell():
f = open("file.txt", "r")
print(f.tell())

seek(offset, reference):
f.seek(5, 0) # Move to 5th byte

9. Pickle Module
Used to save/load Python objects in binary.

Writing (dump):
import pickle
f = open("data.dat", "wb")
pickle.dump(obj, f)
f.close()

Reading (load):
f = open("data.dat", "rb")
obj = pickle.load(f)
f.close()

10. Summary Table


Function Description
--------------------------------------
write() Writes a string
writelines() Writes multiple strings
read(n) Reads n characters
readline() Reads one line
readlines() Reads all lines as list
tell() Returns cursor position
seek() Moves cursor
dump() Saves object (binary)
load() Loads object (binary)

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