Chapter #2:

Python Short Questions & Answers

Q1: Who developed Python?
A: Python was created by Guido van Rossum in the late 1980s and released in 1991.

Q2: Why is it named "Python"?

A: It’s not named after the snake! The name comes from a British comedy show called Monty
Python's Flying Circus, which Guido enjoyed.

Q3: What was Python inspired by?

A: It was influenced by a language called ABC, which focused on simplicity and readability.

Q4: What was Python designed for?

A: Guido wanted a language that was easy to learn, readable, and powerful enough to handle
many tasks from scripting to building applications.

Q5: How has Python evolved?

A: Over the years, Python has grown into one of the most popular languages, used in fields like
web development, data science, automation, and more.

Q6: Why is Python a good choice for beginners?

Answer: Python has simple rules and reads like English, making it easy for students to
understand and write. It avoids complex symbols and allows beginners to focus on logic rather
than grammar.

Q7: Why is Python more popular than other languages?

Answer: Python is readable, easy to write, and works across platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux). It
supports web development, data science, machine learning, automation, game development,
and cyber security. Plus, it has a vast library ecosystem.

Q8: What tools are needed to set up the Python development environment?
Answer: You need an editor or IDE such as IDLE, PyCharm, or VS Code. These tools help you
write, run, and debug code efficiently.

Q9. What are the steps involved in writing and running a Python program?
Answer:
Write Code: Type instructions like print("Hello").
Interpret: The interpreter compiles and executes the code.
Output: The result appears step-by-step as the computer processes the code.

Q10. How does an IDE help in writing and running Python code?

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Answer: An IDE provides all essential features in one place—error detection, program
execution, and debugging. It saves time and reduces mistakes by showing errors in real-time.

Q11. Write code to print your name in Python.

Answer: print("Your Name")
Q12. Describe three features of IDE/IDLE.
Answer: Code Editor: A specialized tool for writing and editing code.
Compiler/Interpreter: Integrated tools to run your Python programs.
Debugger: Highlights errors and helps you fix problems efficiently.
Q13.What is IDE in Python ?
Definition:
An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a software application that provides tools to
write, run, and debug Python programs efficiently.
Purpose:
Its main goal is to make coding easier and faster by combining features like code editing, error
checking, and program execution in one place.
Q14: What are comments in Python?
Ans: Comments are lines that explain the code and are ignored by the interpreter.

Q15: Why are comments used in Python programs?

Ans: To make code easier to understand for programmers by adding explanations.
Q16: What symbol starts a single-line comment in Python?
A: #
Q17: How do you write a multi-line comment in Python?
Ans: By using triple quotes ( ''').
Q18: Give one example of a single-line comment.
Ans:# This prints the subject name
print("Computer Science")
Q19: What is a variable in programming?
Ans: A variable is a named container used to store data that can be reused.
Q20: How are variables defined in Python?
Ans: By giving them a name and assigning a value using =.Example:
name = "Shahan"
age = 17

Q21: Write any two rules for naming variables in Python.

 Variable names cannot start with a digit.
 It must use letters, digits, or underscores only.
 The first character must be a letter or underscore.
 Python case-sensitive is Age and age are considered different variables.
 Reserved words like if, for, and while cannot be used.

Q22: Name four basic data types in Python.

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Ans: int (Integer)
 Represents whole numbers without a decimal point.
 Example: 5, -12, 0
 Used when you need to count, index, or store numeric values that don't require fractions.
float (Floating Point)
 Represents numbers with decimal points.
 Example: 3.14, -0.5, 2.0
 Ideal for measurements, calculations involving precision, or percentages.
str (String)
 A sequence of characters used to represent text.
 Example: "hello", 'Python123', "42" (even though it looks like a number, this is
text!)
 Useful for storing names, labels, sentences, or any textual data.
bool (Boolean)
 Represents one of two values: True or False.
 Example: is_logged_in = True, has_permission = False
 Great for decisions, conditions, and logical operations in code.
Q23: What is input and output operation in python?
Input Operation:
Purpose: To take data from the user during program execution.
Function Used: input()
 It always returns data as a string.
 You can store the input in a variable.
Example: name = input("Enter your name: ")
Output Operation:
Purpose: To display results, messages, or variable values on the screen.
Function Used: print() Can show text, numbers, variables, or combinations of these.
Example:
print("Welcome,", name)
Q24. Why Do We Need to Convert Input Values to Integers or Floats in Python?
Ans. Python takes user input as a string (text) by default. To perform mathematical operations,
we need to convert that input into a numerical format:
Use int() to convert to an integer
Use float() to convert to a decimal number

Example:
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
Q25. Which Functions Are Used to Convert String Input to Numbers in Python?
Python provides two built-in functions:
 int(): Converts a string to an integer.
 float(): Converts a string to a floating-point (decimal) number.
These help in working with numeric data derived from user input.
Q26. Define Keyword?

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A keyword is a reserved word in Python that serves a specific purpose in the language's syntax.
These words:

 Have predefined meanings.

 Cannot be used as variable names or identifiers.
 Common Python keywords include: def, class, if, else, while, for, import, return
Q26.What are arithmetic operators in Python? Explain with examples.
Ans: In Python, we use basic operators to perform basic mathematical operations. These
operators are used to add, subtract, multiply, divide, and perform other operations.
Addition (+) sign is used to add two numbers.
Example:

a = 10
b=5
print(a + b) # Output: 15

Subtraction (-) sign is used to subtract two numbers.

Example:

a = 10
b=5
print(a - b) # Output: 5

Multiplication (*) sign is used to multiply two numbers.

Example:

a = 10
b=5
print(a * b) # Output: 50

Division (/) sign is used to divide two numbers.

Example:

a = 10
b=5
print(a / b) # Output: 2.0

Modulus (%) sign is used to get the remainder

Floor Division Operator //
Exponentiation Operator ** etc.
Q27.What is Comparison Operators in Python?
Comparison operators are used to evaluate relationships between two values. The result is
always either True or False. The most common ones include:

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== checks if two values are equal.
!= checks if they are not equal.
> test for greater and< smaller values.
>= and <= check for greater/less than or equal to.
Q28. Which operator is used in python to assign /store value into variable?

Ans. The assignment operator = in Python is used to assign a value to a variable. It

establishes a binding relationship between the variable name and the data stored in memory.
The left-hand side must be a valid variable, and the right-hand side can be a constant,
expression, or another variable.

Example:
age = 25
name = "Ali"
is_student = True

Q29. Which operation are used in python to combine multiple condition?

Ans. Logical operators are used to combine multiple conditions in a program and are
fundamental to decision-making and control flow.
Python has three main logical operators: and,or,not
The and operator returns True only if both conditions on either side are true. The or operator
returns True if at least one of the conditions is true. The not operator is used to reverse the
result of a condition if the condition is True, not makes it False, and vice versa.
These operators help you write more complex and flexible conditions in your code, especially in
If statements and loops where multiple checks are needed.

Q30. Define expression in python?

In Python, an expression is any combination of values, variables, operators, and function calls
that evaluates to a single result or value. It’s like a building block of code that produces some
kind of output.
For example:
x = 10 + 5
Here, 10 + 5 is an expression. It uses two values (10 and 5) and the + operator, and it
evaluates to 15.
Expressions can be:
 Arithmetic (e.g., a * b + 3)
 Logical (e.g., x > 5 and x < 10)
Q31.What is operator precedence in python?
Ans. Operator precedence in Python refers to the order in which operators are evaluated in an
expression. This means they are perform first in an expression .this is called operator
precedence.
1.() parenthesis
2.** exponent
3.* / % multiplication, division, Modulus
4. + - Addition, subtraction

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Example:
result = 3 + 2 * 4
print(result) # Output: 11

Q32.Why Is Exponentiation (**) More Powerful Than Multiplication?

Ans. ** calculates powers, like squares or cubes.

It has higher precedence than multiplication.

Example: 2 * 3 ** 2 → 2 * 9 = 18, not 36.

Q33.How Do Parentheses Affect Results?

Ans. Parentheses change the default execution order. Operations inside brackets are executed
first.

Example: (2 + 3) * 4 = 20 vs 2 + 3 * 4 = 14.
Expression Comparison:

result = (3 + 4) * 2 # result = 14
result = 3 + 4 * 2 # result = 11

In the first, addition happens first due to parentheses. In the second, multiplication takes
precedence.
Q34. Why Are Expressions Important in Python Programs?
Ans. They allow for calculations using variables and values. Used to solve real-world problems
(e.g., totals, averages, formulas).

Example: total_price = price * quantity → essential in e-commerce apps

Q35.What is Control Structures in Programming?
Ans. Control structures control the flow of a program. In programming, we do not always
execute instructions one after another. Sometimes, we need to make choices or repeat actions.
To do this, we use control structures.
Types of Control Structures:
 Sequential
 Decision Making
 Looping

Q36.What is Sequence statement?

Definition: In Python, a sequence is the natural order of executing statements one after
another. It is the default flow of program execution without any control structure.
Q37.What Is Decision Making in Programming?

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 Decision making means choosing between different actions based on conditions. In Python,
we use conditional statements to make such decisions.
These include:

 if
 if-else
 if-elif-else
 Nested if statements
Q38. Why We Use Decision Making Control Structure?
Ans. Decision making in programming helps the program choose different actions based on
conditions. It is similar to real-life decisions.
Example: If it is hot, we turn on the fan. If it is cold, we wear a sweater.
Q39. What Is the If Statement?
Ans. The if statement is the simplest conditional statement. It checks a condition. If the
condition is true, the code inside the block will run.
Syntax of If Statement:
if condition:
# code to run if condition is True

 if is the keyword
 condition is an expression that returns True or False
 The code block under the if is indented and runs only if the condition is True

Example:
temperature = 30

if temperature > 25:

print("It's a warm day!")
Q40.What is Short if statement?

A short if statement (also called a single-line if statement) is a compact way to write simple
conditional logic when only one action needs to be performed.
Example:

x=5
if x > 3: print("x is greater than 3")

This prints the message only if the condition x > 3 is true.

Q41. Define if else statement and example?

Ans. The if else statement in Python is used for conditional decision-making. It allows the
program to choose between two paths based on whether a condition is True or False.
 If the condition in the if block is True, its code runs.
 If the condition is False, the else block executes instead.

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 Example:

score = 75

if score >= 50:

print("You passed!")
else:
print("You failed.")

Q42.Define if eif else statement and example?

The if elif else statement in Python is used to make multiple conditional decisions. It allows a
program to test several conditions in order and execute the code block of the first condition that
evaluates to True. If none of the if or elif conditions are true, the else block runs as a fallback.
This structure is ideal for checking a sequence of alternatives in priority.
Example:

marks = 82

if marks >= 90:

print("Excellent")
elif marks >= 75:
print("Good")
elif marks >= 50:
print("Pass")
else:
print("Fail")
Q43.What Is Looping in Programming?
Ans.Looping means repeating a task again and again. It is helpful when we want to run the
same code many times. Python has three types of loops:

 for loop
 while loop
 Nested loops

Q44.What is for Loop

Definition: The for loop is used to iterate through a sequence such as a list, tuple, string, or a
range. It allows repeated execution for a fixed number of times.
Syntax:
for variable in sequence:
statement(s)

Example:

for i in range(3):

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 print("Hello")
Q45.What is while Loop?
Definition: The while loop executes a block of code as long as the given condition remains true.
It is often used when the number of repetitions is unknown.
Syntax:
while condition:
statement(s)
Example:

x=1
while x <= 3:
print(x)
x += 1
Q46.What is rang() Function?
The range() function in Python generates a sequence of numbers, often used in loops to
repeat actions a specific number of times. It returns a range object, which produces numbers
from a starting value up to (but not including) an ending value, with an optional step value to
control the increment.
Syntax:
range(start, stop, step)

 start → the first number (default is 0)

 stop → the end value (not included)
 step → the difference between numbers (default is 1)

Q47: What is a function in Python? A function in Python is a reusable block of code designed
to perform a specific task. It helps reduce repetition and organize code logically. Once defined, a
function can be called multiple times from different parts of a program. Example:
python
def greet():
print("Hello!")
Q48: What is a module in Python? A module is a single Python file that contains related
functions, variables, and classes. Modules help break large programs into smaller, manageable
pieces. You can import them into your code to use their functionality without rewriting it.
Q49: How is a function defined in Python? You define a function using the def keyword,
followed by the function name and parentheses. Inside the function, the code block is indented to
show what runs when the function is called. This promotes cleaner, reusable programming.
Example:
python
def greet():
print("Hello, everyone!")
Q50: How is a function called in Python? To call a function, you simply write its name
followed by parentheses. This executes the code inside the function and returns any result it may
produce. Calling functions makes your code interactive and modular. Example:
python

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greet()
Q51. What is Module in Python
A module is a Python file (.py) containing related functions, classes, and variables. It helps
organize and reuse code by allowing programmers to import functionality from one file into
another. Modules can be built-in (like math, random) or user-defined.
Example: Create a module helper.py:
python
def greet():
return "As-Salaam-Alaikum"
Then use it in main.py:
python
import helper
print(helper.greet()) # Output: As-Salaam-Alaikum
Q52 What is Function Parameters and Arguments
 A parameter is a variable listed inside the parentheses in the function definition.
 An argument is the actual value supplied to a function when it is called.
This distinction is essential for passing dynamic data into functions.
Example:
python
def greet(name): # 'name' is a parameter
print("Hello,", name)

greet("Ali") # 'Ali' is an argument

Here, "Ali" is passed as an argument to the name parameter.
Q53.What is Default Parameters?
A default parameter is one that has a pre-assigned value in the function definition. If no
argument is passed during the function call, Python uses the default value.
Example:
python
def greet(name="Student"):
print("Hello,", name)

greet() # Output: Hello, Student

greet("Umer") # Output: Hello, Umer
Q54: What is args in Python?
It allows a function to accept any number of positional arguments. Example:
python
def add_numbers(*args):
return sum(args)

add_numbers(1, 2, 3) # Output: 6
Q55: What is kwargs in Python?
It allows a function to accept multiple keyword arguments (name-value pairs). Example:
python
def student_info(**kwargs):
for key, value in kwargs.items():

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 print(key + ":", value)

student_info(name="Aisha", age=22, grade="A")

Libraries and Modules
Q56: What is a library in Python? A library is a collection of modules that offer pre-written
code to perform specific tasks and extend Python’s capabilities.
Q57: How do you use the random module in Python?
python
import random
number = random.randint(1, 10)
print("The random number is:", number)
Q58: How do you use the datetime module?
python
import datetime
current_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print("Current date and time:", current_time)
Q59: What is the purpose of the statistics module?
It provides functions to calculate statistical values like mean, median, and mode. Example:
python
import statistics
data = [10, 20, 30]
mean_value = statistics.mean(data)
print("Mean:", mean_value)
Q60: What is a package in Python?
A package is a folder containing multiple modules, used to organize large projects in a structured
way. Example:
python
from ecommerce import products
products.list_products()

Best of luck!

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