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PDC 19 - Distributed Memory Programming Message Passing MPI PVM

Distributed memory programming involves processes that do not share memory and communicate through message passing, utilizing standards like the Message-Passing Interface (MPI) and Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM). MPI facilitates explicit parallel programming by defining basic operations for sending and receiving messages, while PVM allows a heterogeneous collection of computers to function as a single parallel computer. This approach enables efficient problem-solving by leveraging the combined power of multiple machines, making it widely used in various scientific and industrial applications.

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15 views13 pages

PDC 19 - Distributed Memory Programming Message Passing MPI PVM

Distributed memory programming involves processes that do not share memory and communicate through message passing, utilizing standards like the Message-Passing Interface (MPI) and Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM). MPI facilitates explicit parallel programming by defining basic operations for sending and receiving messages, while PVM allows a heterogeneous collection of computers to function as a single parallel computer. This approach enables efficient problem-solving by leveraging the combined power of multiple machines, making it widely used in various scientific and industrial applications.

Uploaded by

jammubrothers358
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Distributed Memory

Programming:
Message passing, MPI,
PVM
Parallel and Distributed Computing
Arfan Shahzad
{ [email protected] }
Course Outlines
Distributed Memory Programming

• When two or more computational processes do not share memory,

they cannot communicate with each other.

• Instead, these processes must exchange data using a different

mechanism: like message passing.

• This situation requires distributed memory programming.


Distributed Memory Programming cont…

• The communication could be between processes running on the same

node or between processes running on different nodes in a cluster,

but the underlying communication model is the same.

• Interface standards like Message-Passing Interface (MPI) facilitate

distributed memory programming for cluster machines.


Distributed Memory Programming cont…

• In distributed memory programming, each task owns part of the data,


and other tasks must send a message to the owner in order to update
that part of the data.

• Whether these tasks are on the same node or different nodes in the
cluster, they do not necessarily have a mechanism to read or write to
each other's memory directly.
Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Distributed Memory Programming cont…

• In this regard the following paradigm plays an important roles:

1. Message passing Interface

2. Parallel Virtual Machine


Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Message Passing Interface
• Numerous programming languages (message passing paradigm) and

libraries have been developed for explicit parallel programming.

• The message-passing programming paradigm is one of the oldest and

most widely used approaches for programming parallel computers.


Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Message Passing Interface: Send and Receive
• Since interactions are accomplished by sending and receiving

messages, the basic operations in the message-passing programming

paradigm are send and receive.

• In their simplest form, the prototypes of these operations are defined

as follows:
Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Message Passing Interface: Send and Receive
• send(void *sendbuf, int nelems, int dest)

• receive(void *recvbuf, int nelems, int source)

The sendbuf points to a buffer that stores the data to be sent

The recvbuf points to a buffer that stores the data to be received

The dest is the identifier of the process that receives the data

The source is the identifier of the process that sends the data
Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM)
• PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) is a software package that permits a
heterogeneous collection of Unix and/or Windows computers hooked
together by a network to be used as a single large parallel computer.

• Thus large computational problems can be solved more cost


effectively by using the aggregate power and memory of many
computers.
Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM)
• PVM enables users to exploit their existing computer hardware to solve
much larger problems at minimal additional cost.

• Hundreds of sites around the world are using PVM to solve important
scientific, industrial, and medical problems in addition to PVM's use as an
educational tool to teach parallel programming.

• With tens of thousands of users, PVM has become the de facto standard
for distributed computing world-wide.
Distributed Memory Programming cont…
Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM)
• Advantage: It allows applications to use the most appropriate
computing model for the entire application or for individual sub
algorithms.

• The PVM system is composed of a suite of user interface primitives


and supporting software that together enable concurrent computing
on loosely coupled networks of processing elements.

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