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AD.PYTHON W2025
Q.1
(1) Give the difference between Set and Dictionary in Python. (3 Marks)
1. A Set is a collection of unordered, unindexed unique elements.
2. A Dictionary is a collection of key-value pairs.
3. Sets have only values, but Dictionaries have keys and values.
4. Set syntax: {1, 2, 3}; Dictionary syntax: {"a": 1, "b": 2}
5. Sets do not support key-based access; Dictionaries do.
(2) Explain List in Python with example. (4 Marks)
A list is an ordered, mutable collection of elements in Python. Lists can store items of
different data types.
Example:
python
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my_list = [10, "apple", 3.14]
print(my_list[1]) # Output: apple
my_list.append("banana")
print(my_list)
(3) What is Tuple in Python? Write a Python program to swap two tuple values. (7
Marks)
A tuple is an immutable sequence in Python used to store multiple items. Once created, tuple
values cannot be changed.
Example:
python
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a = (1, 2)
b = (3, 4)
# Swapping tuples
a, b = b, a
print("a:", a) # Output: a: (3, 4)
print("b:", b) # Output: b: (1, 2)
(OR)
What is Dictionary in Python? Write a Python program to traverse a dictionary using
loop. (7 Marks)
A dictionary is a built-in Python collection that stores data in key-value pairs.
Example:
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python
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student = {"name": "Amit", "age": 21, "course": "Python"}
for key, value in student.items():
print(key, ":", value)
Q.2
(1) What is Package? List out advantages of using Package. (3 Marks)
A package is a directory containing multiple related Python modules and an __init__.py
file.
Advantages:
1. Organizes code better
2. Promotes code reuse
3. Makes code more manageable
4. Supports modularity
5. Helps in large project development
(2) Explain any two package import methods with example. (4 Marks)
1. import package.module
python
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import math
print(math.sqrt(16))
2. from package import module
python
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from math import pow
print(pow(2, 3))
(3) Explain about intra-package reference with example. (5 Marks)
Intra-package reference means a module inside a package can import another module in the
same package using relative import.
Example:
In my_package/module2.py:
python
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from . import module1
module1.some_function()
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(OR)
(4) What is Module? List out advantages of using Module. (3 Marks)
A module is a .py file that contains Python functions, classes, or variables.
Advantages:
1. Code reuse
2. Easier testing and debugging
3. Logical structure
4. Better project organization
5. Efficient teamwork
(5) Explain any two module import methods with example. (4 Marks)
1. Full module import
python
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import math
print(math.sqrt(9))
2. Specific function import
python
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from math import sqrt
print(sqrt(9))
(6) Write a program to define a module to find the area and circumference of a circle.
(i) import the module to another program
(ii) import a specific function from a module to another program. (7 Marks)
circle_module.py
python
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import math
def area(radius):
return math.pi * radius * radius
def circumference(radius):
return 2 * math.pi * radius
main1.py (full import)
python
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import circle_module
print("Area:", circle_module.area(7))
print("Circumference:", circle_module.circumference(7))
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main2.py (specific import)
python
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from circle_module import area, circumference
print("Area:", area(7))
print("Circumference:", circumference(7))
Q.3
(1) Explain the types of error in Python. (3 Marks)
1. Syntax Error: Caused due to wrong syntax (e.g., missing :).
2. Runtime Error: Occurs while program is running (e.g., division by zero).
3. Logical Error: Program runs, but output is incorrect due to logic mistake.
(2) Explain user-defined exception using raise statement with example. (4 Marks)
Custom exceptions can be created using raise keyword.
Example:
python
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def check(age):
if age < 18:
raise Exception("You are underage!")
check(16)
(3) Explain try-except-finally clause with example. (7 Marks)
try block checks error, except handles it, finally executes always.
Example:
python
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try:
x = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Error: Division by zero")
finally:
print("This is finally block")
(OR)
(4) What is built-in exception? List out any two with their meaning. (3 Marks)
Built-in exceptions are predefined error types in Python.
1. ZeroDivisionError: Dividing number by zero
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2. ValueError: Wrong value passed to a function
(5) Explain try-except clause with example. (4 Marks)
Handles runtime errors gracefully.
Example:
python
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try:
a = int("abc")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input")
(6) Write a program to catch Divide by zero Exception with finally clause. (7 Marks)
python
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try:
a = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print(100 / a)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("You cannot divide by zero")
finally:
print("Execution finished")
Q.4
(1) Define: File, Binary File, Text File. (3 Marks)
File: Storage medium to store data permanently.
Text File: Stores plain readable text.
Binary File: Stores data in binary format (0s and 1s), not human-readable.
(2) Explain write() and writelines() functions with example. (4 Marks)
write() writes a single string.
writelines() writes multiple lines (as a list).
Example:
python
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f = open("demo.txt", "w")
f.write("Hello\n")
f.writelines(["Line1\n", "Line2\n"])
f.close()
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(3) Explain tell() and seek() function with example. (5 Marks)
tell()returns current position of file pointer.
seek()changes the file pointer position.
Example:
python
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f = open("demo.txt", "r")
print(f.tell())
f.seek(5)
print(f.read())
f.close()
(OR)
(4) What is Absolute and Relative file path? (3 Marks)
Absolute Path: Complete path from root directory (e.g., C:/Users/file.txt)
Relative Path: Path relative to the current directory (e.g., ./file.txt)
(5) Explain about various mode to open binary and text file. (4 Marks)
'r': read (text)
'w': write (text)
'rb': read binary
'wb': write binary
'a': append
(6) Write a Python program to write student's subject record like branch name,
semester, subject code and subject name in the binary file. (5 Marks)
python
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import pickle
record = {
"branch": "CE",
"semester": 2,
"subject_code": 4321602,
"subject": "Python"
}
with open("record.bin", "wb") as file:
pickle.dump(record, file)
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Q.5
(1) Define: GUI, CLI. (3 Marks)
GUI (Graphical User Interface): Uses images, icons, buttons for interaction (e.g.,
Windows).
CLI (Command Line Interface): Uses typed commands (e.g., Terminal, CMD).
(2) Write a Python program to draw square shape using for and while loop using
Turtle. (4 Marks)
python
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import turtle
t = turtle.Turtle()
# Using for loop
for _ in range(4):
t.forward(100)
t.right(90)
# Using while loop
count = 0
while count < 4:
t.forward(100)
t.right(90)
count += 1
(3) Write a Python program to draw a chessboard using Turtle. (5 Marks)
python
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import turtle
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(0)
square_size = 30
for row in range(8):
for col in range(8):
x = col * square_size
y = row * square_size
if (row + col) % 2 == 0:
t.penup()
t.goto(x, -y)
t.pendown()
for _ in range(4):
t.forward(square_size)
t.right(90)
(OR)
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(4) How many types of shapes in Turtle? Explain any one shape with example. (3
Marks)
There are 6 default shapes in turtle: 'arrow', 'turtle', 'circle', 'square', 'triangle',
'classic'.
Example:
python
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import turtle
turtle.shape("turtle")
(5) Explain about four basic methods of Turtle module. (4 Marks)
1. forward(x): Moves turtle forward by x units
2. backward(x): Moves turtle backward
3. right(angle): Turns turtle clockwise
4. left(angle): Turns turtle counter-clockwise
(6) Write a Python program to draw square, rectangle, and circle using Turtle. (5
Marks)
python
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import turtle
t = turtle.Turtle()
# Square
for _ in range(4):
t.forward(100)
t.right(90)
# Rectangle
t.penup()
t.goto(150, 0)
t.pendown()
for _ in range(2):
t.forward(120)
t.right(90)
t.forward(60)
t.right(90)
# Circle
t.penup()
t.goto(-150, 0)
t.pendown()
t.circle(50)
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