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Updated Python Notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of Python, including its syntax, key concepts, and examples for exam preparation. It covers topics such as variables, data types, conditional statements, loops, functions, object-oriented programming, type conversion, and differences between lists, dictionaries, and tuples. Each section includes code examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

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9 views4 pages

Updated Python Notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of Python, including its syntax, key concepts, and examples for exam preparation. It covers topics such as variables, data types, conditional statements, loops, functions, object-oriented programming, type conversion, and differences between lists, dictionaries, and tuples. Each section includes code examples to illustrate the concepts discussed.

Uploaded by

anut21618
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comprehensive Python Notes

This document contains a comprehensive overview of Python, covering its syntax, key
concepts, and examples to help you prepare for your exam.

1. Basics of Python
Python is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose programming language.

Key features include simplicity, readability, and extensive library support.

Hello, World!

# Code Example:
print("Hello, World!")

Comments

# Single-line comment
# This is a comment

# Multi-line comment (no direct syntax, use multi-line strings)


'''
This is a multi-line comment
'''

2. Variables and Data Types

# Assigning Variables
x=5 # Integer
y = 3.14 # Float
z = "Hello" # String

# Dynamic Typing
a = 10
a = "Python" # 'a' now refers to a string

Data Types

# Examples of Python Data Types


int_var = 10 # Integer
float_var = 10.5 # Float
str_var = "Python" # String
bool_var = True # Boolean
list_var = [1, 2, 3] # List
tuple_var = (1, 2, 3) # Tuple
dict_var = {"key": "value"} # Dictionary
set_var = {1, 2, 3} # Set

3. Conditional Statements

# if-else Example
x = 10
if x > 5:
print("x is greater than 5")
else:
print("x is less than or equal to 5")

# if-elif-else Example
y = 20
if y < 10:
print("y is less than 10")
elif y == 20:
print("y is 20")
else:
print("y is greater than 10 and not 20")

4. Loops

For Loop

# For Loop Example


for i in range(5):
print(i) # Prints numbers from 0 to 4

While Loop

# While Loop Example


x=0
while x < 5:
print(x)
x += 1 # Increment x by 1
5. Functions

# Function Syntax
def function_name(parameters):
# Function body
return value

# Example:
def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Ayush")) # Output: Hello, Ayush!

6. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

# Class and Object Example


class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age

def introduce(self):
return f"My name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old."

# Create an object
person = Person("Ayush", 17)
print(person.introduce()) # Output: My name is Ayush and I am 17 years old.

7. Type Conversion

Python allows you to convert one data type to another. This can be done explicitly using
type conversion functions.

# Examples:
x = 10 # Integer
y = 3.14 # Float

# Convert int to float


x_float = float(x)
print(x_float) # Output: 10.0
# Convert float to int
y_int = int(y)
print(y_int) # Output: 3

# Convert string to int


s = "123"
s_int = int(s)
print(s_int) # Output: 123

# Convert list to tuple


list_var = [1, 2, 3]
tuple_var = tuple(list_var)
print(tuple_var) # Output: (1, 2, 3)

# Convert tuple to list


list_from_tuple = list(tuple_var)
print(list_from_tuple) # Output: [1, 2, 3]

8. Differences Between List, Dictionary, and Tuple


Feature List Dictionary Tuple
Definition Ordered, mutable Unordered, mutable Ordered, immutable
collection of items collection of key- collection of items
value pairs
Syntax [1, 2, 3] {"key": "value"} (1, 2, 3)
Mutable/Immutable Mutable Mutable Immutable

8. Differences Between List, Dictionary, and Tuple


Feature List Dictionary Tuple
Definition Ordered, mutable Unordered, mutable Ordered, immutable
collection of items collection of key- collection of items
value pairs
Syntax [1, 2, 3] {"key": "value"} (1, 2, 3)
Mutable/Immutable Mutable Mutable Immutable
Use Case Storing related Mapping keys to Fixed collection of
items values items

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