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Python List Notes Final

A Python list is a mutable, ordered collection that can hold items of various data types. Key operations include accessing elements, modifying lists, and utilizing list comprehensions, while common errors involve index and value issues. Best practices suggest using list comprehension, avoiding modifications during iteration, and utilizing the .copy() method to prevent linking.

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4 views5 pages

Python List Notes Final

A Python list is a mutable, ordered collection that can hold items of various data types. Key operations include accessing elements, modifying lists, and utilizing list comprehensions, while common errors involve index and value issues. Best practices suggest using list comprehension, avoiding modifications during iteration, and utilizing the .copy() method to prevent linking.

Uploaded by

prateekgupta11.40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python List - Complete Notes

What is a List?

A list in Python is a mutable, ordered collection that can hold items of any data type, including mixed

types.

Example:

my_list = [1, "hello", 3.14, True]

Characteristics of List

- Ordered: Items maintain insertion order

- Mutable: Can be changed after creation

- Heterogeneous: Supports different data types

- Indexing: Supports positive and negative index

Creating a List

empty_list = []

num_list = [1, 2, 3]

mixed_list = [1, "Python", 3.14]

nested_list = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]

Accessing Elements

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]

print(my_list[0]) # 10

print(my_list[-1]) # 50

print(my_list[1:4]) # [20, 30, 40]


List Operations

- len(lst): Get number of items

- lst1 + lst2: Concatenate lists

- lst * 3: Repeat list

- x in lst: Membership test

- for i in lst: Iteration

Modifying Lists

lst.append(100) # Add one item

lst.extend([1, 2, 3]) # Add multiple items

lst.insert(1, "Python") # Insert at index

lst.remove("Python") # Remove first matching value

lst.pop(2) # Remove by index

lst.clear() # Empties the list

Searching and Counting

lst.index(value) # Returns first index of value

lst.count(value) # Number of times value appears

Looping through Lists

for item in lst:

print(item)

for i in range(len(lst)):

print(f"Index {i}: {lst[i]}")

List Comprehension
squares = [x*x for x in range(10)]

evens = [x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]

Nested Lists

matrix = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]

print(matrix[1][0]) # 3

Sorting Lists

lst.sort()

lst.sort(reverse=True)

sorted_lst = sorted(lst)

lst.sort(key=len)

Copying a List

b = a.copy()

b = a[:]

b = list(a)

Deleting Items

del lst[0]

del lst[1:3]

del lst

Built-in Functions

len(lst), max(lst), min(lst), sum(lst), sorted(lst), list(iter), enumerate(), zip()

Advanced Concepts
List vs Tuple

List: Mutable, [ ]

Tuple: Immutable, ( )

Shallow vs Deep Copy

import copy

shallow = copy.copy(original)

deep = copy.deepcopy(original)

Unpacking Lists

a, b, c = [1, 2, 3]

*a, last = [1, 2, 3, 4]

Common Errors

- IndexError: Accessing invalid index

- ValueError: Removing a non-existent item

- TypeError: Applying incompatible operations

Best Practices

- Use list comprehension

- Prefer 'in' for membership

- Avoid modifying while iterating

- Use .copy() to avoid linking

Example:

data = [10, 20, 30, 40]

data.append(50)
data.insert(2, 25)

print("Index of 30:", data.index(30))

data.remove(25)

squares = [x*x for x in data if x % 2 == 0]

print("Final List:", data)

print("Squares:", squares)

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