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Java Full Course Complete Notes

This document provides comprehensive notes on Java programming, covering topics from basic syntax to advanced concepts like OOP, exception handling, and Java 8+ features. It includes installation instructions, data types, control flow statements, and the Java Collections Framework. Additionally, it emphasizes best practices such as memory management and resource handling.

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4 views6 pages

Java Full Course Complete Notes

This document provides comprehensive notes on Java programming, covering topics from basic syntax to advanced concepts like OOP, exception handling, and Java 8+ features. It includes installation instructions, data types, control flow statements, and the Java Collections Framework. Additionally, it emphasizes best practices such as memory management and resource handling.

Uploaded by

f90983675
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Java Full Course - Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)

1. Introduction to Java

- Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language.

- Developed by Sun Microsystems (now owned by Oracle).

- Platform-independent due to the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

- Secure, robust, portable, and multithreaded language.

- Used in web, mobile, desktop applications, and enterprise systems.

2. Java Installation & Setup

- Install JDK (Java Development Kit).

- Set JAVA_HOME environment variable.

- Use IDEs like Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, or NetBeans.

- Compile: javac FileName.java

- Run: java ClassName

3. Basic Java Syntax

- Java programs start with class definitions.

- main() method is the entry point:

public class HelloWorld {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Hello, World!");

4. Variables & Data Types


- int, float, double, char, boolean, long, short, byte

- Reference types: String, Arrays, Objects

- Example:

int x = 10;

float pi = 3.14f;

5. Operators

- Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %

- Relational: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=

- Logical: &&, ||, !

- Assignment: =, +=, -=, *=, /=

- Unary: ++, --

6. Control Flow Statements

- Conditional: if, if-else, else-if, switch

- Looping: for, while, do-while

- Break & Continue statements

- Example:

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

System.out.println(i);

7. Methods in Java

- Syntax:

returnType methodName(parameters) {

// body

}
- Method overloading: Same method name, different parameters.

- static vs instance methods

8. Arrays

- Fixed-size data structure

- Syntax:

int[] nums = new int[5];

int[] nums = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

- Multi-dimensional arrays:

int[][] matrix = new int[3][3];

9. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

- 4 Pillars: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism

- Class:

class Car {

String model;

void drive() {}

- Object:

Car myCar = new Car();

10. Constructors

- Special method to initialize objects.

- Default and Parameterized constructors.

- this keyword used to differentiate between instance and local variables.

11. Inheritance
- Allows a class to inherit fields and methods from another class.

- Syntax: class Dog extends Animal

- super keyword used to access parent class properties/methods.

12. Polymorphism

- Compile-time: method overloading

- Run-time: method overriding

- Enables a single interface to represent different types.

13. Abstraction

- Hides complexity and shows only essential features.

- Abstract class:

abstract class Animal {

abstract void sound();

- Interface:

interface Vehicle {

void run();

14. Encapsulation

- Wrapping of data and methods into a single unit.

- Achieved using private variables and public getter/setter methods.

15. Exception Handling

- Used to handle runtime errors.

- Keywords: try, catch, finally, throw, throws


- Example:

try {

int result = 10 / 0;

} catch (ArithmeticException e) {

System.out.println("Error: " + e);

16. File Handling

- Classes: File, FileReader, FileWriter, BufferedReader

- Reading and writing text files.

- Example:

FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("file.txt");

writer.write("Hello");

writer.close();

17. Packages

- Grouping related classes and interfaces.

- Use import to access built-in or user-defined packages.

18. Java Collections Framework (Intro)

- Interfaces: List, Set, Map, Queue

- Classes: ArrayList, LinkedList, HashSet, HashMap, PriorityQueue

- Example:

List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();

19. Java 8+ Features (Brief Overview)

- Lambda Expressions
- Streams API

- Functional Interfaces

- Default and static methods in interfaces

20. Summary Tips:

- Java is case-sensitive.

- Memory Management via Garbage Collector.

- Always close resources like files and scanners.

- Practice with real projects or coding platforms (HackerRank, LeetCode).

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