Ashok IT Spring Boot

Spring Web MVC

-> It is one module in Spring Framework to develop web applications.

-> Web MVC module simplified web application development process.

1) Form Binding (form <---> java obj )

2) Flexibility in Form Binding (type conversion)

3) Multiple Presentation Technologies (JSP & Thymeleaf)

4) Form Tag Library (ready-made tags support)

Note: To develop web application using spring-boot we need to add below starter in pom.xml

### spring-boot-starter-web ###

-> The above starter provides support for below things

1) MVC based web applications

2) RESTFul Services

3) Embedded Container (Tomcat)

Spring Web MVC Architecture

1) DispatcherServlet

2) Handler Mapper

3) Controller

4) ModelAndView

5) ViewResolver

6) View
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=> DispatcherServlet: Framework Servlet / Front Controller.

### Responsible to perform Pre-Processing and Post-Processing of request

=> Handler Mapper : Responsible to identify Request Handler class (controller)

=> Controller: Java class which is responsible to handle request & response

### Controller will return ModelAndView object to DispatcherServlet.

Model: Represents data in key-value format

View: Logical File Name

Note: Controllers are loosely coupled with Presentation technology.

=> ViewResolver: To identify presentation file location and technology

=> View: It is responsible to render Model data in view file.

Building First Web App with Spring Boot

1) Create Spring Starter Project with below dependencies

a) spring-boot-starter-web

b) spring-boot-devtools

c) tomcat-embed-jasper (mvnrepository.com)

2) Create controller class with required methods & map controller methods to URL pattern

3) Create View File with presentation logic

4) Configure View Resolver in application.properties file

5) Run the application and test it.

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Observations

-> devtools dependency is used to restart our server when we make code changes.

-> To represent java class as controller we are using @Controller annotation

-> Controller methods we need to map with HTTP methods using unique URL pattern

GET --> @GetMapping

POST --> @PostMapping

-> Apache Tomcat is coming as default embedded container.

-> Embedded container port number is 8080. We can change that port number using
application.properties file

server.port = 9090

-> Spring Boot web apps will not have context path. We can add context-path using
application.properties file.

server.servlet.context-path=/ashokit

Application Code
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02-WebApplication Requirement:

Retrieve book record based on given id and display in web page like below
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1) Create Spring Starter Project with below dependencies

a) web-starter

b) data-jpa

c) mysql-connector-j

d) lombok

e) devtools

f) tomcat-embed-jasper

2) Configure View Resolver & Data Source properties in application.properties file

3) Create Entity class (table mapping)

4) Create Jpa Repository interface

5) Create Controller class with methods to handle request & response

6) Create View Page

7) Run the application and test it

Ashok IT Spring Boot
Ashok IT Spring Boot
Ashok IT Spring Boot

03 – Web Application Requirement : Develop Student Enquiry Form like below

1) Course name drop down values should come from database table

2) Timings checkboxes options should come from database table

Note: When we click on submit button record should inserted into database table
(STUDENT_ENQUIRIES) and display success message on the same page.

Spring MVC Form Tag Library

-> Predefined tags provided to simplify Forms development

-> To use Spring MVC form tag library in jsp we have to add below taglib url

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form" %>

-> By using prefix we can access tags like below

1) <form:form>

2) <form:input>

3) <form:password>

4) <form:radioButton> & <form:radiobuttons>

5) <form:select>

6) <form:option> & <form:options>

7) <form:checkbox> & <form:checkboxes>

8) <form:hidden>

9) <form:textarea>
Ashok IT Spring Boot
Ashok IT Spring Boot

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Student Enquiry Form</h2>
<p>
<font color='green'>${msg }</font>
</p>

<form:form action="save" modelAttribute="student" method="POST">

<table>
<tr>
<td>Name:</td>
<td><form:input path="name" /></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Email:</td>
<td><form:input path="email" /></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Gender:</td>
<td><form:radiobutton path="gender" value="M"
/>Male
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<form:radiobutton path="gender" value="F"

/>Fe-Male
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Course</td>
<td><form:select path="course">
<form:option value="">-Select-
</form:option>
<form:options items="${courses}" />
</form:select></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Timings</td>
<td><form:checkboxes items="${prefTimings}"
path="timings" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

Embedded Database
-> Embedded Database is called as In-Memory Database /
Temporary database

Ex: H2 DB

-> When application starts H2 DB will start. When application

stopped database will be stopped.

Note: Embedded Databases are used for Proof Of Concept (POC)

development.

How to use Embedded DB in Spring Boot

-) Add H2 dependency in pom.xml file

2) Configure H2 DB data source properties in

application.properties file
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3) Once application started we can access H2 DB console using

below URL

Task
Ashok IT Spring Boot

1) Create Spring Starter Project with below dependencies

a) web-starter
b) jpa-starter
c) h2 db
d) lombok
e) tomcat-embed-jasper
f) jstl

2) Configure Data Source Properties and View Resolver

Properties in application.properties file

3) Create Entity Class & Repository interface

4) Create Controller class with Required Methods

5) Create View Pages

6) Run the application

Ashok IT Spring Boot
Ashok IT Spring Boot

Thymeleaf

 It is a template engine
 In spring web mvc we can use Thymeleaf as presentation technology
 We can use Thymeleaf as replacement for JSP
Note: Every JSP page should be converted to Servlet to send response to browser hence
performance wise JSP is slow.

 To overcome JSP problems we are using Thymeleaf for presentation layer development.

 To work with Thymeleaf we need to add below starter in pom.xml file

Ashok IT Spring Boot

 Create below HTML page under src/main/resources/templates folder.

Assignment: Develop Product application using Thymeleaf

1) Save Product
2) View Products
3) Edit and Update Product
4) Delete Product
Ashok IT Spring Boot
Ashok IT Spring Boot

1) Create Spring Starter Project with below dependencies

a) web-starter

b) thymeleaf-starter

c) data-jpa-starter

d) h2 driver

e) lombok

f) validation-starter

g) devtools

2) Configure Datasource properties in application.properties file

3) Create Entity class & Repository interface

4) Create Controller class with required methods

5) Create View Files using Thymeleaf and Bootstrap

Ashok IT Spring Boot

Implementing Form Validations

1) Write Validation rules using annotations in binding class like below

2) Make changes to controller method to valid form data. If form

validations are failed then return same page

3) Print Validation message in the form for every field like below
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How to change embedded container from tomcat to jetty?

1) Exclude tomcat starter from web starter in pom.xml file using <exclusions>

2) Add jetty starter dependency in pom.xml file

Exception Handling in Web MVC App

=> Unexpected and unwanted situation is called as Exception

=> When exception occurs program will terminate abnormally

=> In Spring Boot we can handle exceptions in below 2 ways

1) Local Exception Handling (Controller Specific)

2) Global Exception Handling (Application specific)

Ashok IT Spring Boot

Spring Web MVC Summary

1) What is Spring Web MVC?

2) Web Application vs. Distributed Application

3) What are the advantages with Spring Web MVC?

4) Spring Web MVC Architecture

5) What is DispatcherServlet?

6) What is Handler Mapper?

7) What are Controller / Request Handler?

8) What is ModelAndView?

9) What is View Resolver?

10) What is View?

11) HTTP Methods (@GetMapping & @PostMapping)

Ashok IT Spring Boot

12) What is @RequestParam ?

13) Spring MVC Form Tag Library

14) H2 Database

15) What is Thymeleaf?

16) How to perform Form Validations?

17) CRUD App with Boot + Web MVC + Data JPA + Thymeleaf + BS

18) What is @ModelAttribute?

19) How to change Embedded Container from Tomcat to Jetty?

20) How to change Embedded Container Port Number?

21) How to configure Context Path in Spring Boot?

22) What is @ResponseBody annotation?

23) What is @Controller & @RestController?

24) What is URL ambiguity in Spring Web MVC?

25) How to handle Exceptions in Spring Web MVC?

26) What is Local Exception Handling?

27) What is Global Exception Handling?

28) What is @ControllerAdvice and @ExceptionHandler ?