Complete Python Syllabus (Basic to Advanced)
BEGINNER LEVEL
1. Introduction to Python
- History of Python
- Features of Python
- Applications of Python
- Installing Python (Windows/Linux/Mac)
- Python IDEs (IDLE, VS Code, PyCharm, Jupyter)
- Writing your first Python program
- Comments in Python
2. Python Basics
- Keywords and Identifiers
- Variables and Data Types
- Input and Output functions
- Typecasting
- Operators: Arithmetic, Assignment, Comparison, Logical, Bitwise, Identity and Membership
3. Control Flow
- if, if-else, elif statements
- Nested if-else
- while loop
- for loop
- break, continue, pass
- Loop else clause
4. Data Structures in Python
Strings
- String indexing and slicing
- String methods
- String formatting
- String immutability
Lists
- List creation, indexing
- List methods and operations
- List comprehension
- Nested lists
Tuples
- Tuple properties
- Tuple operations and methods
- Tuple vs List
Sets
- Set operations
- Set methods
- Frozen sets
Dictionaries
- Key-value pairs
- Dictionary methods
- Dictionary comprehension
- Nested dictionaries
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
5. Functions
- Defining and calling functions
- Function arguments: positional, keyword, default, variable-length (*args, **kwargs)
- Return values
- Scope and lifetime of variables
- lambda functions
- map(), filter(), reduce()
- zip(), enumerate()
6. Modules and Packages
- Importing modules (import, from, as)
- Built-in modules (math, random, datetime, os, sys)
- Creating custom modules
- __name__ == "__main__"
- Python Package Index (PyPI)
- Installing packages with pip
7. File Handling
- Open, read, write, and append modes
- Working with text and binary files
- Context manager (with statement)
- os module for file management
8. Error Handling
- Types of errors
- try-except block
- finally, else clauses
- Raising exceptions
- Custom exceptions
9. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
- Classes and objects
- __init__ constructor
- Instance and class variables
- Inheritance (single, multiple, multilevel)
- Method Overriding
- Encapsulation, Abstraction, Polymorphism
- @staticmethod and @classmethod
- Magic methods (__str__, __repr__, __len__, etc.)
ADVANCED LEVEL
10. Iterators and Generators
- iter() and next()
- Creating custom iterators
- yield and generator functions
- Generator expressions
11. Decorators
- Function as objects
- Nested functions
- Creating and applying decorators
- Chaining decorators
12. Comprehensions
- List, Dictionary, Set, and Generator comprehensions
- Nested comprehensions
- Conditional comprehensions
13. Regular Expressions
- re module
- Meta characters and special sequences
- Matching patterns
- match(), search(), findall(), sub(), split()
14. Working with Dates and Times
- datetime module
- Formatting and parsing dates
- Time differences
- Working with time zones
15. Multithreading and Multiprocessing
- Thread class
- Daemon threads
- threading module
- Synchronization
- Multiprocessing basics
- Process pool
16. File and Directory Management
- os, shutil, pathlib
- File properties and path handling
- File permissions
EXPERT LEVEL
17. Advanced Python Libraries Overview
- NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib / Seaborn, Requests, Flask / Django, Tkinter, SQLite3 / SQLAlchemy
18. Unit Testing
- unittest module
- Writing and running test cases
- Test discovery
- Mocking
19. Design Patterns in Python
- Singleton, Factory, Observer, Strategy
20. Best Practices
- Code readability (PEP8)
- Documentation using docstrings
- Writing reusable and modular code
- Type hints and annotations
- Virtual environments (venv, virtualenv)
- Project structure and packaging
Capstone Projects (Optional but Recommended)
- Calculator App (CLI/GUI)
- Web scraper using BeautifulSoup/Scrapy
- File organizer script
- Personal portfolio site with Flask/Django
- To-do list app (Tkinter or Web)
- Data analysis project using Pandas and Matplotlib
