Unit II

Introduction to python

Python was developed by a Dutch programmer Guido van Rossumat the National research
institute for Mathematics and C. Sc. in Netherlands, early 1990s.

● Rules or syntax of Python:

print() is used to display the data on the output screen
1. Python is a case sensitive language
2. Strings if used in print() function should be enclosed in quotation marks.

● Data types:
- Used to store different types of data.
- Defines the type of operations to be performed on the data.
- There are different data types like numbers, strings.
● Variables in python
A Python variable is a reserved memory location to store values. In other words, a
variable in a python program gives data to the computer for processing.
• Rules for naming a variable
1. A variable name must start with a letter or underscore.
2. A variable name cannot start with a number.
3. Variable names are case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are three different variables)
4. Variable name can be of any length.
5. It can be the combination of lowercase letter(a-z),upper case letter(A-Z),digits(0-9) and
underscore(_).
6. Keywords cannot be used as variables.
• Assigning values to variable
Storing a value in memory and the operator is (=).
For example:
a=5 assigning an integer value.
b=12.5 assigning a floating point value.
c=”Ram” assigning a string value.
• Printing a value of a variable:
print() is Used to display the value stored in a variable.
Eg.
a=25
print(a)
will print output as 25.

Example Programs
1) Write a program to add two numbers using variables

2) Write a program to print magic words using print()

3) Write a program to find the square of a number using the variables

4) Write a program to find the product of 3 numbers using variables

5) Write a program to print any two favourite subject using variables

6) Write a program to find the remainder of 2 numbers 12,5 using variables

● Python Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

Python divides the operators in the following groups:

1. Assignment operators
2. Arithmetic operators
3. Comparison operators
Python Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:

Operator Example

= x=5

Python Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common

mathematical operations:

Operator Name Example

+ Addition x+y

- Subtraction x-y

* Multiplication x*y

/ Division x/y

% Modulus x%y
Python Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values:

Operator Name Example

== Equal x == y

!= Not equal x != y

> Greater than x>y

< Less than x<y

>= Greater than or equal to x >= y

<= Less than or equal to x <= y

 Exercise

Fill in the blanks.

1. _________________ is one of the basic function ,which is used to display

information on the monitor.

2.Operator used for assigning value to a variable is _________________.

3. print (“hello”), here _____________ is the argument of the function.

4. _______ and ________ are the two types of built- in data types in python.

5. _______________ is the extension of python file.

6. The % operator is called the _____________ operator.

7. The < operator belongs to ____________ operator type.

State True or False.

1. The extension Python file is .py

2. Phone# is a valid variable name.

3. = = is an arithmetic operator.

Answer the following.

1 ) List down the rules for identifying valid variable name

2) Explain different types of operators in python.

3) How can you assign a floating point value to a variable. Give one example.

Lab activity.

1) Write a program to find the area of rectangle (Area = L x B)

2) Write a program a program to find area of a triangle with base=20 and height=10

3) Write a program to print any two subjects and its marks and find total using variables

4) Write a program for the following output and find the total
 Item Price

Book 100

Pen 5

Total

Application Based Questions.

1. Mariam wants to convert rupees to dirhams Help her to do that with a Python progam

[ Hint: 1 dirham=20 rupees].

2. Naman want to solve a mathematical problem to calculate simple interest for

Principal(P)=15000,Rate(R)=5 % and Number of years(N)=4.
[ Hint: Simple Interest SI= P x N x R]