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The document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming (OOP), highlighting its modular approach that binds data and functions together. Key elements of OOP include classes, objects, and principles such as Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. It contrasts OOP with Procedure Oriented Programming (POP), emphasizing the focus on data in OOP and the benefits of data hiding and security.

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Java Notes Reduced Font

The document provides an overview of Object Oriented Programming (OOP), highlighting its modular approach that binds data and functions together. Key elements of OOP include classes, objects, and principles such as Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. It contrasts OOP with Procedure Oriented Programming (POP), emphasizing the focus on data in OOP and the benefits of data hiding and security.

Uploaded by

anushkasawant9921
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Java Class 10 – Chapter 1 Notes

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is a modular approach which allows the data to be applied within a
stipulated program area. The main aim of OOP is to bind data and functions together so that no other part
of the code can access this data except that function.

2. What are the elements of Object-Oriented Programming?


Ans. The elements of Object-Oriented Programming are classes, objects and the principles of OOP like
Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism.

3. List the features of Object-Oriented Programming.


Ans. i) The focus is on the data items rather than functions.
ii) It makes the complete program simpler by dividing it into a number of objects.
iii) The objects can be used as a bridge to have data flow from one function to another.
iv) The concept of data hiding enhances security in programs.
v) It is highly beneficial to solve complex problems.
Thus, the essential features of OOP can be summarized under the headers like Data Abstraction,
Encapsulation, Data Hiding, Inheritance, Polymorphism and Dynamic Binding.

4. In what way is Object Oriented Programming different from Procedure Oriented Programming.
Ans. Procedure Oriented Programming
i) The stress is on the function rather than the data.
ii) It allows the data to flow freely throughout the program
iii) It follows top-down programming approach.

Object Oriented Programming


i) The stress is put on data rather than functions.
ii) The data is restricted to be used in a specific program area.
iii) It follows bottom-up programming approach.

5. Name any two Object Oriented Programming principles.


Ans. The principles of OOP are: Data abstraction, Encapsulation, Data Hiding, Inheritance, Polymorphism,
Dynamic Binding.

6. Name any two Object Oriented Programming and Procedure Oriented Programming languages.
Ans. OOP: C++, Java; POP: BASIC, COBOL

7. Which OOP principle implements function overloading?


Ans. Polymorphism.

8. Define the following terms:


a) Encapsulation: Wrapping of data and functions of a class into a single unit. Example: Making all data
members private.
b) Data abstraction: Representing essential features without background details. Example: Using a camera.

9. Explain inheritance with a suitable example.


Ans. Inheritance is an OOP principle where a class acquires features from another class. Example: Vehicle
→ Car

10. What is meant by Polymorphism?


Ans. Using the same function name for different purposes. Example: Overloaded Volume() functions.

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