Leadership, people and Team By Minhaj Masum

Contents
Contents................................................................................................................. 2 .............................................................................................................................. 2 Autocratic Style...................................................................................................... 5

Introduction
Leadership is a group of people to achieve a common goal. A leader which can influence the behaviour of and actions can be more successful. A leadership is more than just leading a group toward achieving the target. The directing or motivating of people can be motivated in variety of ways. Leadership is very essential organizational effectiveness in every sector of organization. Warren Bennis said that: "Leadership is a function of knowing yourself, having a vision that is well communicated, building trust among colleagues, and taking effective action to realize your own leadership potential. In a group each individual perceives and reacts to all others in dynamic interaction. An organization is a group in which members are differentiated as to responsibility for tasks leading to a common goal. This assignment will look over the evolution of leadership. The first part is assign with the various theories of leadership and also the concepts of leadership. On the second part we will discuss about the skills that required being a good in todays world. Final part is drawn from the conclusion of leadership from the discussion.

Leadership Theories
The main purpose of leadership is to guide an organization to its purpose or goal. In these following theories I have discussed some of the point and style of leadership where it can be found in organization. These theories have been developed over the years researchers still hope

to come out with effective theories where leader can be appropriate with the organization. These theories have been shortly discussed below.

Trait Theory
Trait theory is based on the characteristics of a leader those who are successful or not. Trait leadership result the effectiveness of a leader. These leaders can be comparing with the less effective leaders by their potentiality and characteristics. These theory shows the characteristics that a leader need to hold his position. Through many researches the core of trait theory has been conducted. The traits are not responsible to identify whether person is not successful or not but these can be seen who have given this theory whether that people is capable in leadership or not. Under the study of trait theory some quality of a good leaders have been came out which is given below:

Self-confidence: confidence on own work and vigorous. Motivation: ability of managing people. Innovative: Discovering unique way to achievement Focusing: Intuitive and foresight of task. Integrity: Honesty, Intelligence, reliable.

Style or Behavioural Theory

Behavioural theories are belief upon that Great leaders are born not made. This kind of leadership theories are focused on leaders action not on mental qualities. According to this theories once can become a good leader through teachings and observation. The theory of this leadership is being carried by the researchers and find out how a leader motivate his co-worker. The thinking of leadership could provide and correct actions could be learned. In 1940s and 1950s, Surrey research in Michigan and Ohio state university identified that there are two dimensions in behavioural theory that are given below:

Employee-centred behaviour: A group of people that concern about relationship and employee needs. Job-centred behaviour: A group of people that concerns about getting the job done. Directive leadership: A leader is all responsible and takes decision where followers are expect to follow the instruction. Participative leadership: A leader consults with sub-ordinates and decision together with followers opinion.

Situational/ Contingency Theory

Situational leadership theory is a model of theory which is developed by Paul Hersey Kenneth Blanchard. Situational leadership theory is a theory which beliefs the change of a leadership style instead of using just one style. As this change can be vary upon maturity level of a people. The first theorist who named the Contingency is Fieldler in 1960s. Contingency theory beliefs that, There is no particular way to change organization or to make decision rather than changing of internal/external situation. It is depended upon the situation. The effectiveness of a leader is contingent upon the demand imposed by the situation. There are three important things in contingency theory which is given below: Relationship between the leader and follower: A leader is always seeking the support of a follower. The structure of a task: The leader always carries out the task according to the goal, methods and standard of performance. Position Power: If any group can hand over the power to the leader to get the job done then influence of that leader can be increase.

Leadership Styles There are several leadership styles in todays world. This may include type of organization, culture, education and age. Various leadership styles have been formed over decades and researchers also introduce some of the effective leadership in the society.

Autocratic Style
Autocratic leadership is a kind of leadership which is control by the individual. An individual is all responsible for the decision. Autocratic leaders are rarely taken the decision of group members. And make choice over his ideas and judgement. Because of authoritarian, autocratic leadership leads to a high level of absenteeism and staff turnover. This leadership style is not been benefit from the group members experience or decision. It may be effective for some unskilled job. This leadership style is

appropriate where jobs need to be done within short time span. Here are some points which can make clear overview on autocratic style. A very little effort or suggestion from the group members is being made. Group members are rarely trusted with the decision. Leaders do make all the decision. Leaders do state all the methods and process.

Benevolent Autocratic
A leader of a benevolent autocratic sees himself as a superior and motivate subordinates to go along with the decision. A benevolent autocratic leader involve subordinates comfortably to accomplish the production of objective. The leaders tackle the entire operational problem rather than dealing with customer. He always gives suggestion to the subordinates, instructing them in problems. They structure the daily work and set objectives for the subordinates. They do group discussions on problem rather than one to one personal relationship.

Participative Style
Participative leaders always involve co-workers making the decision of a company. However a leader is always finalising the decision. A participative leadership always take subordinates making the decision, setting up the target, solve complex problems. This style is very effective when prompt decision is necessary. A leader may describe the objectives of or goals and let the team or individual decide the best process of achieving target. The participation of members is also depends for the type of decision making. The most complex and important goal is individually discussed by the members where they came in a point to make the achievement success. A leader takes the point of overview from the group members and come into a decision.

Consultative Style
Consultative leadership style is combining of both democratic and directive leadership. These styles always encourage contribution of single members and also give priority to group discussion. In consultative style group discussion is always democratic where leaders finally decide the proposal of a leader. This kind of leadership may face of argument from the majority of member where they cant be agreeing with the decision. The advantage of this leadership depends upon the weight of the ability.

Skills and qualities that a leader should have

There are some particular characteristics which helps individual to become a great leader. There are many leaders around us who contribute for our society. The concept of leadership has been gradually involved in our society and also the basic needs of leader have also been changed. Here are twelve qualities of good leader have given below: Motivation

Motivation is always important factor for leaders. Motivation is the concept that a leader always try convince their co worker to get the job done. Motivation has changed now days but still the concept is centre to leadership. A successful should to capable to motivate worker to extract out the best work from them.

Planning One of the basic needs that a leader should have is planning and vision. Without planning and vision a leader is unable to set his target. To be a good leader, it is essential to have good plan. This planning includes working task, budget, sequence and practice for co workers.

Decision Making Decision making is one of the important skills that need to have in leader. The ability of decision making leads a leader to its target or achievement. To make a good decision for the organization, a leader needs to be in good position. This may lead a successful achievement for the company.

Control Ability The ability control of a leader is very important skill. Leader should to control the subordinate according to achieve the goal. A leader should keep an eye on subordinates. At the mean time they should encourage on achieving target by obliging the rules and regulations.

Communication effectiveness To be a great leader, one should to be efficient in communication. A leader should to discuss the goal clearly with the sub ordinates. If subordinates are unable to understand the plan, then they will be failure achieve the set target. In order to reach company goal, there is no alternative to communication. As inspirations from the leader, also drive subordinates to come out with his best potentiality.

Goal Oriented A good leaders need to be goal oriented. The ability of long term goal could clear the vision and effectiveness of a good leader. A goal oriented leaders can also be make further plan for the company.

Responsibility A leaders need to know how to handle responsibilities in work. Good leaders also take responsibility for it subordinator through bad time and good time. It is necessary to maintain security of subordinator during the work. Also leaders need to be responsible for accidental damage in their own.

Solving of conflict Conflicts can be happens when two or more people come together because of individual or difference. These conflicts should be resolve; otherwise this may affect on the performance of employees and could be spread over the situation. Leaders have that ability to resolve any kind of conflicts and should to aware of further conflicts.

Open Minded Being open minded can help the leader to be opened minded. A leader can seek for help ideas or suggestion from his co-workers. It is also important avoid unnecessary problems and egos. Punctual and Spontaneous Sometimes such project can have major problem or can be late by neglect of subordinates. A leader should always be aware of time keeping. He should to force his co workers get the work on time. At same time should spontaneous to resolve any kind of problem regarding project of organization.

Conclusion
In the end of this assignment we have discussed find some types and qualities of leadership style. In todays world the subject leadership become very important an organization is very much depending up on this leadership style. Various leadership styles have been researched by the researcher and also

explain the effectiveness of type of leadership in the organization. The leadership styles are very much depending upon the element such as task, subordinates, time frame and so on. The concept of leadership style is evolved and therefore the qualities of leadership style of a past good leader need to develop. He/she should be broad his/her skill and knowledge according to the demand of modern society. The new form leaders will evolve and in the mean time the skill of good leaders need to be wide.

Reference and Bibliography

1. Fiedler, Fred E. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. McGraw-Hill: Harper and Row Publishers Inc.. 2. Hersey, Paul; Blanchard, Ken; Johnson, D. (2008). Management of Organizational Behaviour: Leading Human Resources (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. 3. Hoyle, John R (1995), Leadership and Futuring: Making Visions Happen. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc.,

4. Miner, J. B. (2005). Organizational Behaviour: Behaviour 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe. 5. Vroom, Victor H.; Yetton, Phillip W. (1973). Leadership and Decision-Making. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. Other online resources: http://www.slideshare.net/robertsonlee/leadership-traits-and-behavioral-theories [accessed 24-11-11] http://www.leadership-with-you.com/leadership-traits.html [accessed 21-11-11] http://fds.oup.com/www.oup.co.uk/pdf/bt/fincham/Chapter8.pdf [accessed 11-11-11]