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Trigonometry 1 M04

The document outlines fundamental concepts of trigonometry, including units of angle measurement in degrees and radians, circular systems, sign conventions, and trigonometric ratios. It also presents basic identities and various equations for simplification and problem-solving in trigonometry. Additionally, it includes examples and questions related to trigonometric functions and identities.

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pmeshladdhad
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4 views21 pages

Trigonometry 1 M04

The document outlines fundamental concepts of trigonometry, including units of angle measurement in degrees and radians, circular systems, sign conventions, and trigonometric ratios. It also presents basic identities and various equations for simplification and problem-solving in trigonometry. Additionally, it includes examples and questions related to trigonometric functions and identities.

Uploaded by

pmeshladdhad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TRIGONOMETRY

Units to measure angle (rotation)

i. Degrees 1 right angle = 90°


a. 10 = 60′ (minutes)
b. 1′ = 60′′ (seconds)

ii. Radians 𝜋 radians = 180°

Note: 1 radian ≈ 57°

CIRCULAR SYSTEM
𝑙
𝜃 (in radians) = 𝑟
SIGN CONVENTION

Anticlockwise – is taken +ve

Clockwise – is taken -ve

T-RATIOS

𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 =
𝑟 𝑟 𝑥
𝑟 𝑟 𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 = 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 = 𝑦

1 1 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

SIGN OF T-RATIOS

Add Sugar To Coffee


0° = 30° = 45° = 60° = 90° =

sin

cos

tan

ANGLE CORRESPONDING TO DIFFERENT LINES

OX = 2𝑛𝜋

OX’ = 2𝑛𝜋 + 𝜋 OR 2𝑛𝜋 − 𝜋 = (2𝑛 + 1)𝜋 OR (2𝑛 − 1)𝜋


𝜋 𝜋
OY = 2𝑛𝜋 + 2 = (4𝑛 + 1) 2
𝜋 3𝜋
OY’ = 2𝑛𝜋 − OR 2𝑛𝜋 +
2 2

𝑋𝑋 ′ = 𝑛𝜋
𝜋
𝑌𝑌 ′ = (2𝑛 + 1)
2
BASIC IDENTITIES

i. 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + cos2 𝜃 = 1
a. 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
b. 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

ii. 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃


a. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃
b. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 1
1
c. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃+𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃

Note: (𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃) & (𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃) are reciprocals of each other

iii. 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃


a. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃
b. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 1
1
c. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃

Note: (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃) & (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃) are reciprocals of each other

iv. 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 = 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃


v. 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝜃 = 1 − 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
Proof:

BASIC IDENTITIES

i. 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + cos2 𝜃 = 1
a. 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
b. 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
ii. 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
a. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃
b. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 1
iii. 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
a. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃
b. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 1
iv. 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 = 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
v. 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝜃 = 1 − 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
Q1. If 𝜃 ∈ 2nd Quadrant then simplify

i. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃√𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1

ii. (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1) 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃


iii. 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 = sec 2 𝜃(1 − sin2 𝜃) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃) = 1
1 1
iv. + 1+𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃

1−𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
v. √ +√
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
vi.
𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃−𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃

vii. 2 + 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝜃 − 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝜃 + 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝜃 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃

viii. (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴)(𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐴)(𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝐴)


ix. √𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝐴

(𝑎+𝑏) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃−𝑏


x.
(𝑎+𝑏) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃−𝑎
cosec 𝜃 cosec 𝜃
xi. +
cosec 𝜃−1 cosec 𝜃+1
Q2. PT
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
i. 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃

𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴+𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴−1


ii. = sec 𝐴 + tan 𝐴
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴−𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴+1

Note: (𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃) & (𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃) are reciprocals of each other
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴 − 1 (sec 𝐴 + tan 𝐴) − 1 𝑥 − 1 𝑥−1
= = = =𝑥
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴 + 1 1 − (sec 𝐴 − tan 𝐴) 1 − 1 (𝑥 − 1)
𝑥 𝑥
cosec 𝐴+cot 𝐴−1
iii. = cosec 𝐴 + cot 𝐴
1+cot 𝐴−cosec 𝐴
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥+𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑦
iv. = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑦
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑦+𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥

Note: (𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝜽 − 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽) & (𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝜽 + 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽) are reciprocals of each other
4
Q3. If 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 = 3 find 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 & cos 𝜃

1
𝑄4. If 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝐴 = 4𝑝 + ⇒ cosec 𝐴 + cot 𝐴 =
16𝑝

(a) 8p (b) 1/8p (c) 8p or 1/8p (d) 8p or 1/8p


Q5. If 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 3 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 3 then find 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
Q6. If 15 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝛼 + 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝛼 = 6 then find 8 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼 + 27 𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼
𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑦
Q7. If 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦 = 1 then find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐴
Q. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐵 = 𝑝 & 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐵 = 𝑞 find tanA & tanB in terms of P & q
Q5. If 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 3 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 3 then find 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃

Q6. If 15 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝛼 + 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝛼 = 6 then find 8 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼 + 27 𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼


Q6. If 15 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝛼 + 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝛼 = 6 then find 8 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼 + 27 𝑠𝑒𝑐 6 𝛼

6 6
1 3 1 3
5 3 5 3
8 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝛼 + 27 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝛼 = 8 ( 2 ) + 27 ( 2 ) = 8 ( ) + 27 ( ) = 250
sin 𝛼 cos 𝛼 2 3
𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑦
Q7. If 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦 = 1 then find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐴
Q8. If =𝑝& = 𝑞 find tanA & tanB in terms of P & q
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐵
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐴
Q8. If =𝑝& = 𝑞 find tanA & tanB in terms of P & q
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐵

Note: If 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 & 𝑦 = acos 𝜃 − 𝑏 sin 𝜃 then 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2


Q10. If 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 + 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = 5 then find 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

REDUCTION FORMULA (T-Ratio of allied angles)


REDUCTION FORMULA (T-Ratio of allied angles)

Step1: We write + or - sign depending upon the sign of the T-ratio in the quadrant (even if theta is obtuse)
Step 2: Horizontal line (00 , 1800 , 360𝑜 , …) T-ratio doesn’t change
Vertical line (900 , 270𝑜 , …) T-sratio changes
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 ⇔ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 , 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 ⇔ 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡 ⇔ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑐𝑜𝑠(1800 − 𝐴) 𝑐𝑜𝑡(900 + 𝐴) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(−𝐴)
𝑄. 𝑆𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑦
𝑡𝑎𝑛(1800 + 𝐴) 𝑡𝑎𝑛(2700 + 𝐴) 𝑠𝑖𝑛(3600 − 𝐴)

Q. Find
i. cos 1500
ii. 𝑡𝑎𝑛 1350

iii. tan 7500

iv. 𝑠𝑒𝑐(−1350 )

v. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐(−1410°)
2𝜋
vi. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3
13𝜋
vii. tan
3
15𝜋
viii. 𝑐𝑜𝑡 (− 4
)
5𝜋
ix. 𝑠𝑖𝑛 4
GRAPHS

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