Date: 2nd/02/2025 Class: ICT

ICT: INCOMUNICATION communication technology

Course Outline

7.1 block it out: moving from docks to tent

BLOCK IT OUT: Moving from block to text

Scratchblock codes

PythonText programming

There are two major types of programming languages.

1. Block based programming: It Uses drag and drop blocks.

2. The Text based programming: It requires the user or the programmer to type text, e.g.
Python, C++ etc.
Text based programming requires you to remember the different syntax that you will
need and must type in your code

Python Scratch

Python requires you to remember the Scratch uses blocks to join the code.
code and type it in.

Python uses text only. Scratch uses images and graphics.

For python you need to know about Scratch gives you all the different
what you want to type. codes.

SIMILARITES
 They are both programming software’s.
  The codes or blocks are color coded to help identify the use of the code
 They both can use arithmetic operators
 They both have an area to build the code from/Building ground

USING PYTHON

Python runs on a computer with an integrated development learning environment

(IDLE). which provides lots of functions that are useful when writing python code.

When using python, you need to ensure that your codes or commands are typed using lower
case letters.

When using python, you need to ensure that your codes or commands are typed using lower
case letters.

When using python, you need to ensure that your codes or commands are typed using lower
case letters.

When using python, you need to ensure that your codes or commands are typed using lower
case letters.

When using python, you need to ensure that your codes or commands are typed using lower
case letters.

Python can tell the difference between upper cased letters and lower-case letters.

Python uses and ‘interpreter’ that translates the python code to the language the computer
can understand.

Python uses the print statement to output values on the screen.

10th/02/2025

Creating Variables in python

Variable: A variable is an area that stores data in a program

A variable is a named location in A computers memory that stores data of a particular type.
Data can either be assigned to a variable in a program itself or it can be assigned from input
from the user.

17th/02/2025

Create a python program that does the following

1. Create 6 variables that are named

a. name
b. Age
c. Address
d. Hobby
e. Favorite food
f. Favorite color
2. Create a statement that combines each of the six variables
3. Assign your name age address hobby favorite food and favorite color

ADDING MORE INFORMATION TO A PROGRAM

The input()command allows users to enter information into the program and store it in
a variable.
For example, name =input(“what is your name”) displays the message ‘what is your
name?’ on the screen and stores the input from the user in a variable called name.

Create a python program that allows the user to enter his name and age
Create a python program that asks the user to input their name ,address, hobby,
favorite food, age, favorite color the program should print a statement that says “this
is __,he is________ years old, loves__________ ,his favorite food is _________and his
favorite color is_________

24th/02/2025
Create a python program that asks the user to design a space mission by providing
the mission name, destination planet, number of crew members, spaceship name,
mission duration and main objective

Casting
Casting is the process of assigning a variable a given a data type.
There are 3 data types that are used in python.
1. Integer: Any whole number from 0-9.
Syntax: Num
2. String: Letters symbols and characters
Syntax: Str
3. Real/Float: Any Number with a decimal point
Syntax: float

Datatype Example Syntax

Integer Any whole number from 0-9

String

Real/Float

24th.03.2025
Flow chart
A graphical representation of a sequence of steps to complete a given task or
routine using symbols and shapes.
Parts of a flow chart
Start/Stop: represented by an oval shape
Input: used to enter data or instruction in a program, represented by a
parallelogram.
Output: displays or gives results
-represented by a parallelogram
Process: it process the input to give an output or result.it is represented by a
rectangle.
Decision: it gives two choices Yes/no
It is represented by a diamond
Sub routine: it is a routine that is running a major routine
-represented by a rectangular shape with two lines on the sides.
 Start

Enter
Num1

Enter
Num2

Total=Num1+Nu
m2

Average=Total/2

Average

Stop
 MAKING CHOICES IF THEM ELSE IN FLOW CHARTS
some programs require decisions to be made and this is usually because the
program has reached a point where there is mor than one option or choice.
A decision point in a program is created by a condition that is checked to
determine whether it is true or false
When a condition is tested or checked it provides mor than one possible outcome
and that is either a true/false or yes/no
Decision points or conditions in a program are created using comparison
operators that are used to compare values. Comparing different values gives the
program the ability to determine whether something is true/false and then decide
which path or outcome to follow. These include the conversion operators

Operators Meaning
> Greater than
< Less than
== Equal to
>= Greater than or equal to
<= Less than or equal to
I= Not equal
The decision statement must be written in a diamond and there are only two possible
outcomes.

Monday 7th April 2025

1. Write or create a python program that will be used to display the student’s marks,
average and total. The program should prompt the user to enter the marks for 5
subjects. Calculate the average and the total
2. Create a flow chart
The Program should display the total, average and comment .
The comments are,
1. If the learners average is above 50, PASS if below 50, FAIL
 Start

Enter mark
of Math

Enter mark
for ICT

Enter mark of
Geography

Enter mark
of Art

Enter mark
of Bible
 Total=Math+ ICT+
Geography+ Art +Bible

Average= Total/5

If
mark
is

Below 50 Above 50
(FAIL) (PASS)

Stop
1. Create a program that prompts the user to enter a number. The program should give a comment as follows:
If the number is greater than 10
Highest
If the number is less than 5
Lowest
If the number is greater than 5 and less than 10
Medium

DECOMPOSING PROBLEMS
Computing devices

A computing device is made up of two things that is hardware and soft ware

Hardware: hardware is the physical part of a computer’s processing unit

Hardware is comprised of the following:

Category Example
input Keyboard, Touchpad
output Speaker, screen
process CPU, RAM, ROM
storage USB, Internal storage
SOFTWARE
Software is the instructions that tell a computer what to do. Software is made of two
parts that is system software and application software.
System Software: made up of an operating system that coordinates all the activities
of the computing device.
Application Software: software required by the computing device to perform a specific
task.
NOTE: a computing device must have software and hardware working together for it to
perform its functions
Computing devices such as smart devices have both hardware and software that enable
them to operate.
INTRODUCING THE MICROBIT
A micro bit is a physical computing device with a range of inputs and outputs that can be
programmed by using block based and text based programming.

Input Output
2 Buttons LED Lights
Touch logo
 Compass and accelerator
Microphone
23rd.06.2025

Peter plans to create a smart solution for his house. He wants his door to sat welcome
back home and after one second show a smiley face
The door should open when peter presses button B and after one second says accepted.
a. Create flow charts for your algorithms
b. From your flow charts write the algorithm run on your microbit

Plan a smart solution for your home.

a. In the garage door needs to open when dad’s car or mom’s car approaches the
door and if it is a different car, it should display you are not allowed.
b. If the light level of the security lights is greater or equal to 70, the alarm should
sound and else it should be turned off.
c. Create a flow chart to represent the algorithms
14th/07/2025

1. What is Project planning?

 Project planning is the testing or evaluation of projects
before they are utilized.
Process of identifying a problem. Breaking it down or
decomposing it to come up with a solution.
2. Explain the 5 steps involved in project planning?
 Plan: decompose the program and outline your required
outputs
 Design: create a flowchart for your program and plan the
steps required
 Create: Make or edit the program code.
 Test: Use specific inputs to check the outputs are what you
expected.
 Evaluation: Review the test plan and the final program to
test that it meets the expectations of the result.
3. Explain two reasons why it is important to evaluate and test a
program
 To check if the results meet the expectations
 Make sure that the work meets what you expected.

CONNECTIONS ARE MADE ACCESSING THE INTERNET

Network: A network is a connection or link

Note: An example of a network is getting online or using the

internet to access resources such as websites

HOW TO CONNECT TO A NETWORK

Identify any two things that are required to connect to a

network.

 Computing device
 Transmission method

CHARACTERISTICS OF A TRANSITION METHOD

 Explain the four characteristics of a transmission method

Bandwidth: The amount of data transmitted over a network at

a given time.
Transmission distance: This how far data or a signal can be
transmitted over a network
Security: How safe or secure the transmission method is when
sharing data
Interference: How the transmission is not affected by other
electronic devices

Compare the following transmission methods based on the

characteristics.

Characteristics Wi-Fi Bluetooth Ethernet

Bandwidth 9.6Gbps 2Mbps 10-100Mbps

Security Security is poor Security is poor Security is

Excellent
Transmission 50m indoors 40m indoors The length of the
distance cable
Interference By walls and By walls and By walls and
electric objects objects
equipment