SEMESTER-III

COURSE 5: DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Practical Credits: 1 2 hrs/week
List of Experiments

PL/SQL PROGRAMS

1. Writea PL/SQL program to check the given string is palindrome o rnot.

2. The HRD manager has decide to raise the employee salary by 15% write a PL/SQL block to accept the
employee number and update the salary of that employee. Display appropriate message based on the
existence of the record in Emp table.
3. Write a PL/SQL program to display top 10rows in Emp table based on their job and salary.
4. Write a PL/SQL program to raise the employee salary by 10% for department number 30 people and also
maintain the raised details in the raise table.
5. Create a procedure to update the salaries of Employees by 20%, for those who are not getting commission
6. Write a PL/SQL procedure to prepare an electricity bill by using following table. Table used: Elect
Name Null? Type
MNNO NOT NULL NUMBER(3)
CNAME VARCHAR2(20)
CUR_READ NUMBER(5)
PREV_READ NUMBER(5)
NO_ UNITS NUMBER(5)
AMOUNT NUMBER(8,2)
SER_TAX NUMBER(8,2)
NET_AMT NUMBER(9,2)

7. Create a trigger to avoid any transactions(insert, update, delete) on EMP table on Saturday & Sunday.

Prepared by S.H.Khaseem,
MCA., MBA
Lecturer in Computer Science
K.V. Subba Reddy Degree College, Allagadda.
9010797739

1
PL/SQL PROGRAMS

1. Write a PL/SQL program to check the given string is palindrome or not.

DECLARE
STR VARCHAR2(20);
RSTR VARCHAR2(20);
I NUMBER(5);
TSTR VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
STR:=’&STR’;
I:=LENGTH(STR);
TSTR:=STR;
WHILE(I>=1)
LOOP
RSTR:=RSTR||SUBSTR(STR,I,1);
I:=I-1;
END LOOP;
IF(TSTR=RSTR) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR||' IS A PALINDROM');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(STR||' IS NOT A PALINDROM');
END IF;
END;
/

OUTPUT

Enter value for str: MADAM

old 7: STR:='&STR';
new 7: STR:='MADAM';
MADAM IS A PALINDROM

2
2. The HRD manager has decide to raise the employee salary by 15% write a PL/SQL block to accept
the employee number and update the salary of that employee. Display appropriate message based
on the existence of the record in Emp table.
DECLARE
eno varchar2(6);
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Enter employee number');
eno:=’&eno’;
UPDATE EMP SET SAL=SAL+(FLOOR(SAL*15/100)) WHERE ENO=eno;
IF SQL%FOUND THEN
dbms_output.put_line('salary updated');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('salary not updated');
END IF;
END;
/
Note Create employee table with columns eno,ename,sal,job,deptno,commission and execute the
above program.

output

Enter value for eno: e102

old 5: eno:='&eno';
new 5: eno:='e102';
Enter employee number
salary updated

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3. Write a PL/SQL program to display top 10rows in Emp table based on their job and salary.

DECLARE
CURSOR crsr_emp IS SELECT ENO,ENAME,SAL, JOB FROM EMP WHERE JOB='developer'
AND SAL>15000;
veno EMP.ENO%type;
vename EMP.ENAME%type;
vejob EMP.JOB%type;
vsal EMP.SAL%type;
BEGIN
OPEN crsr_emp;
IF crsr_emp%ISOPEN THEN
LOOP
FETCH crsr_emp INTO veno,vename,vsal,vejob;
EXIT WHEN crsr_emp%NOTFOUND;
dbms_output.put_line(veno || ' ' || vename || ' ' || vsal || ' ' || vejob );
END LOOP;
END IF;
END;
/
Output

e102 mahesh 19837 developer

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4. Write a PL/SQL program to raise the employee salary by 10% for department number 30 people
and also maintain the raised details in the raise table.
Creating RAISED TABLE
create table raised(eno varchar(6),ename char(25),sal number(10,2),
job char(10),deptno varchar2(6));
CREATING TRIGGER
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER AUDIT_EMP AFTER UPDATE ON EMP FOR EACH
ROW
DECLARE
BEGIN
INSERT INTO RAISED VALUES
(:OLD.ENO,:OLD.ENAME,:OLD.SAL,:OLD.JOB,:OLD.DEPTNO);
END;
/
PLSQL PROGRAM
DECLARE
dno varchar2(6);
BEGIN
dno:='&dno';
UPDATE EMP SET SAL=SAL+(SAL*10/100) WHERE deptno=dno;
END;
/

output
Enter value for dno: d30
old 4: dno:='&dno';
new 4: dno:='d30';
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
RAISED TABLE DATA
ENO ENAME SAL JOB DEPTNO
------ ------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------
e101 rajesh 13225 developer d30

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5. Create a procedure to update the salaries of Employees by 20%, for those who are not getting
Commission.
CREATING PROCEDURE
CREATING PROCEDURE
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRC_EMP
AS BEGIN
UPDATE EMP SET SAL=SAL+(SAL*(20/100)) WHERE COMMISSION=0;
END;
/
EXECUTING PROCEDURE
EXEC PRC_EMP;

DISPLAYING THE OUTPUT.

SELECT *FROM EMP;

output

Procedure created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

ENO ENAME SAL JOB DEPTNO COMMISSION

------ ------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ----------
e101 rajesh 18000 developer d30 0
e102 mahesh 19837 developer d20 10

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6. Write a PL/SQL procedure to prepare an electricity bill by using following table. Table used: Elect
Name Null? Type
MNNO NOT NULL NUMBER(3)
CNAME VARCHAR2(20)
CUR_READ NUMBER(5)
PREV_READ NUMBER(5)
NO_ UNITS NUMBER(5)
AMOUNT NUMBER(8,2)
SER_TAX NUMBER(8,2)
NET_AMT NUMBER(9,2)

CREATING ELEC TABLE

CREATE TABLE ELECT(MNO NUMBER(3) PRIMARY KEY, CNAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
CUR_READ NUMBER(5), PREV_READ NUMBER(5), NO_UNITS NUMBER(5),
AMOUNT NUMBER(8,2), SER_TAX NUMBER(8,2), NET_AMT NUMBER(9,2));

INSERT THE FOLLOWING DATA USING INSERT INTO

QUERY:-

INSERT INTO ELECT(MNO,CNAME,CUR_READ,PREV_READ) VALUES(

&MNO,'&CNAME',&CUR_READ,&PREV_READ);
DATA:-
MNO CNAME CUR_READ PREV_READ
------ -------------------- --------- ---------
101 RAVI 800 700
102 RAJU 525 400
103 SURESH 365 200

CREATING PROCEDURE TO PREPARE ELECTRICITY BILL

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PRC_ELECT

AS BEGIN
UPDATE ELECT SET NO_UNITS=CUR_READ-PREV_READ;
UPDATE ELECT SET AMOUNT=NO_UNITS*3;
UPDATE ELECT SET SER_TAX=AMOUNT*2/100;
UPDATE ELECT SET NET_AMT=AMOUNT+SER_TAX;
END;
/
EXECUTING PROCEDURE

EXEC PRC_ELECT;

DISPLAYING THE UPDATED DATA

SELECT *FROM ELECT;

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OUTPUT

Procedure created.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

MNO CNAME CUR_READ PREV_READ NO_UNITS AMOUNT

---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
SER_TAX NET_AMT
---------- ----------
101 RAVI 800 700 100 300
6 306

102 RAJU 525 400 125 375

7.5 382.5

103 SURESH 365 200 165 495

9.9 504.9

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7. Create a trigger to avoid any transactions(insert, update, delete) on EMP table on Saturday &
Sunday.
CREATING TRIGGER
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_sunday
BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON emp
REFERENCING NEW AS NEW OLD AS OLD
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
IF TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'D') = '1' OR TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'D') = '7' THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Cannot insert/update/delete records
on sunday or saturday');
END IF;
END;
/

output
Trigger created.

SQL> insert into emp values('e103','mahendra',25000,'developer','d40',0);

insert into emp values('e103','mahendra',25000,'developer','d40',0)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20000: Cannot insert/update/delete records on sunday or saturday
ORA-06512: at "SYSTEM.TRG_SUNDAY", line 3
ORA-04088: error during execution of trigger 'SYSTEM.TRG_SUNDAY'