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Ohm's Law Purpose:: Sketch of Apparatus

This document outlines a lab experiment to determine Ohm's Law and the relationship between current, potential difference, and resistance in a simple circuit. The experiment uses a computer interface, DC power supply, wires, and various resistors and a light bulb connected in a circuit. Students record voltage and current measurements as the voltage is increased and calculate the slope of the linear regression line, which should match the resistance value based on the resistor's color bands. Slopes are compared for different resistors and for the light bulb at different points in its operation.

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Jabran Ul-Haque
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103 views5 pages

Ohm's Law Purpose:: Sketch of Apparatus

This document outlines a lab experiment to determine Ohm's Law and the relationship between current, potential difference, and resistance in a simple circuit. The experiment uses a computer interface, DC power supply, wires, and various resistors and a light bulb connected in a circuit. Students record voltage and current measurements as the voltage is increased and calculate the slope of the linear regression line, which should match the resistance value based on the resistor's color bands. Slopes are compared for different resistors and for the light bulb at different points in its operation.

Uploaded by

Jabran Ul-Haque
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Jabran Ul-Haque Physics Laboratory #31 Instructor: Pierre Phon February 22, 2012 Ohms Law Purpose: Determine

the mathematical relationship between current, potential difference, and


resistance in a simple circuit. Learn to identify a resistor from its color bands.
Compare the potential vs. current behavior of a resistor to that of a light bulb.

Sketch of Apparatus

Apparatus: PC computer LabPro interface Logger Pro3 A Current & Voltage Probe DC power supply Wires Resistor box(200 and 50 Light bulb (6.3 V) Color coded resistor - 1% precision ) +/

Precautions and Steps:


Set-Up: 1. Connect the Current probe to CH1 and the Voltage probe to CH2. 2. Prepare the computer for data collection by opening the Lab#31 Ohms Law icon. A graph of potential vs. current will be displayed. The vertical axis is scaled from 0 to 6 V. The horizontal axis is scaled from 0 to 0.6 A. The Meter window displays potential and current readings. 3. With the power supply turned off, connect the power supply, resistance box (200 wires as shown in Figure 1. Note: Be sure that the (red) positive connection from the (Vs) power supply and the red terminal (alligator clip) from the Voltage Probe is connected as shown in Figure 1. 4. Click A dialog box will appear. Verify that the probes are connected to the right channels and click OK. 5. Have your TA check the arrangement of the wires before proceeding. Turn the control on the DC power supply to 0 V and then turn on the power supply. SLOWLY increase the voltage to 5 V. Monitor the Meter window in Logger Pro and note how the current changes in relation to the voltage.

switch), and

Procedure: 1. Record the value of the resistor in the data table (figure 4). 2. Make sure the power supply is set to 0 V. Click to begin data collection. Monitor the voltage and current. 3. Increase the voltage on the power supply to approximately 0.5 V. When the readings are stable, click . Keep 4. Repeat this process until you reach a voltage of 5.0 V. 5. Click and set the power supply back to 0 V. 6. Click the Linear Regression button, . Record the slope and y-intercept of the regression line in the data table, along with their units. Are the voltage and current proportional? Print a copy of the graph

7. Repeat Steps 1 6 using the 50

resistor switches on the box.

8. Repeat steps 1-6, but now use the color coded resistor. Color coded resistors have color bands or rings on them (figure 2). A particular number is assigned to each color. Using the color coded table and a simple formula, the resistors value can be determined. Identify your resistor from the color coded table below 1st color band = brown 2nd color band = black 3rd color band, multiplier = red Last band, tolerance color band = gold To calculate the resistance value: 1st band, 2nd band x 10^(3rd band). For example, brown and black =10, so, 10 x 10^2 = 10 x 100 = 1000 The 1st and 2nd values are digits and do not multiply or add together 9. Replace the resistor in the circuit with a 6 V light bulb. Repeat Steps 2 5, but this time increase the voltage in .2V steps up to 5.0 V. 10. To compare slopes of data at different parts of the curve, first click and drag the mouse over the first 3 data points on the graph. Click the Linear Regression button, , and record the slope of the regression line in the data table. Be sure to enter the units of the slope. 11. Click and drag the mouse over the remaining points on the graph. Click the Linear Regression button, , and record the slope of the regression line in the data table.

* Procedure taken from online lab manual, (lab #31)

Data: Color Black Brown Red Gold Silver None Digit (value) 0 1 2 +/- 1% +/- 2% +/- 5% +/- 10% +/- 20% Tolerance

Slope of regression line (V/A) Resistor 50 Resistor 200 Resistor 1000 Light Bulb (first 3 pts) Light bulb (remaining pts) 48.81 193.7 941.7 7.705 14.54

Y-intercept of regression line (V)

-0.01511 0.2161 -0.2656 -0.6618 -2.159

Calculations:

Analysis and Questions: 1. Resistance, R, is defined using R = V/I where V is the potential across a resistor, and I is the
current. R is measured in ohms ( V/A. The constant ), where 1 1 or slope you determined = in each equation should be similar to the resistance of each resistor. However, resistors are manufactured such that their actual value is within a tolerance. For most resistors used in this lab, the tolerance is 5% or 10%. Check with your instructor to determine the tolerance of the resistors you are using. Calculate the range of values for each resistor. Does the constant in each equation fit within the appropriate range of values for each resistor?

Conclusion:

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