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Transformers Tutorialm

The document contains a series of problems related to transformers, including calculations for voltage, power factor, copper losses, efficiency, and voltage regulation under various conditions. It also includes test data and parameters for different transformers, requiring the application of electrical engineering principles to solve for specific values. The problems cover both theoretical and practical aspects of transformer operation and performance.

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siri06735
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3 views2 pages

Transformers Tutorialm

The document contains a series of problems related to transformers, including calculations for voltage, power factor, copper losses, efficiency, and voltage regulation under various conditions. It also includes test data and parameters for different transformers, requiring the application of electrical engineering principles to solve for specific values. The problems cover both theoretical and practical aspects of transformer operation and performance.

Uploaded by

siri06735
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1) A 50Hz single phase transformer has a turns ratio of 6. The resistances are 0.9Ω and 0.

03Ω and
reactances are 5Ω and 0.13Ω for high voltage and low voltage winding respectively.
(a) Find the voltage to be applied to the high voltage side to obtain full-load current of 200A on
the load voltage winding on short circuit.
(b) Determine the power factor on short-circuit.
(c) Sketch the phasor diagram of different voltage and current in the transformer on short-circuit.
(d) Determine the copper losses in the transformer at 35% of the full load.

2) The efficiency at unity power factor of a 6600V/384V 200kVA 1-phase transformer is 98%
both at full load and at half load. The power factor in no load is 0.2 and full load regulation is 4%
at 0.8 power factor lagging. Sketch the equivalent circuit of the transformer with the value of the
parameters referred to LV side.

3) The following SC test data is obtained for a 20kVA, 60Hz, 2400V/240V transformer with LV
terminals short-circuited: 61.3V, 8.33A, 257W.
a) What is the full-load efficiency at 0.8 power factor if core loss is 122W?
b) Assume that the load power factor is varied while the magnitudes of the load current and
voltage are held constant. Find the load power factor at which regulation is (i) zero, (ii)
maximum. Draw the phasor diagram for the two cases.

4) A 1-phase, 3 kVA, 240/120 V, 60 Hz transformer has the following parameters:


R(HV) = 0.25 Ω, R(LV) = 0.05 Ω, X(HV)=0.75 Ω, X(LV)=0.18 Ω
(a) Determine the voltage regulation when the transformer is supplying full load at 110 V and 0.9
leading power factor.
(b) If the load terminals are accidentally short-circuited, determine the currents in the HV and LV
windings

5) A 1-phase, 250 kVA, 11 kV/2.2 kV, 60 Hz transformer has the following parameters:
R(HV)=1.3 Ω, X(HV)=4.5 Ω, R(LV)=0.05 Ω, X(LV)=0.16 Ω, Rcl(LV)=2.4 kΩ, Xmag(LV)=0.8
kΩ
(a) Draw the approximate equivalent circuit referred to HV side and show the parameter values
(b) Determine the no-load current (HV side)
(c) If the LV winding terminals are shorted, determine:
(i) The supply voltage required to pass rated current through the shorted winding
(ii) The losses in the transformer
(d) The HV winding of the transformer is connected to 11 kV supply and a load Z=15L-90° is
connected to the LV winding. Determine
(i) Load voltage
(ii) Voltage regulation

6) The following test results were obtained for a 20 kVA, 50 Hz, 2400/240 V distribution transformer.
O.C test (LV): 240V, 1.066A, 126.6 W; SC test: 57.5 V, 8.34 A, 284 W.

a) When the transformer is operated as a step-down transformer with the output voltage equal
to 240 V, suppling a load at unity power factor (UPF), determine the maximum efficiency
and the UPF load at which it occurs.
b) Determine the power factor of the rated load, supplied at 240 V, such that the terminal
voltage observed on reducing the load to zero is still 240 V.

7) A 25kVA, 230/115 V, 50 Hz transformer has the following data

r1 = 0.12 Ω, r2 = 0.04 Ω, X1 = 0.2 Ω, X 2 = 0.05 Ω,


Find the transformer loading which will make the primary induced emf equal in magnitude to
the primary terminal voltage when the transformer is carrying the full load current. Neglect the
magnetizing current.
8) The resistance and leakage reactances of a 10 kVA, 50 Hz, 2200/220 V distribution transformer
are as follows:

r1 = 4 Ω, r2 = 0.04 Ω, X1 = 5 Ω, X 2 = 0.05 Ω,
Each quantity is referred to its own side of the transformer. (Suffix ‘1’ stands for HV and ‘2’
for LV.)
(a) Find the total leakage impedance referred to: (i) the HV side and (ii) LV side.
(b) Consider the transformer to give its rated kVA at a power factor of 0.8 lagging to a load
at rated voltage. Find the HV terminal voltage and % voltage regulation.
(c) Find the efficiency under the conditions of part (b) and consider the core losses to be
80 W.

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