Single Responsibility Principle - Bad Example
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
class User {
private String name;
private String email;
public User(String name, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
}
public void saveToFile() {
try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(name + ".txt")) {
writer.write("Name: " + name + "\nEmail: " + email);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Single Responsibility Principle - Good Example
class UserGood {
private String name;
private String email;
public UserGood(String name, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
}
public String getName() { return name; }
public String getEmail() { return email; }
}
class UserPersistence {
public static void saveToFile(UserGood user) {
try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(user.getName() + ".txt")) {
writer.write("Name: " + user.getName() + "\nEmail: " + user.getEmail());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Open/Closed Principle - Bad Example
class Rectangle {
public int width;
public int height;
public Rectangle(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
}
class Circle {
public int radius;
public Circle(int radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
}
class AreaCalculator {
public double calculateArea(Object shape) {
if (shape instanceof Rectangle r) {
return r.width * r.height;
} else if (shape instanceof Circle c) {
return 3.14 * c.radius * c.radius;
}
return 0;
}
}
Open/Closed Principle - Good Example
abstract class Shape {
public abstract double area();
}
class RectangleGood extends Shape {
private double width, height;
public RectangleGood(double width, double height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public double area() {
return width * height;
}
}
class CircleGood extends Shape {
private double radius;
public CircleGood(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
public double area() {
return 3.14 * radius * radius;
}
}
class AreaCalculatorGood {
public double calculateArea(Shape shape) {
return shape.area();
}
}
Liskov Substitution Principle - Bad Example
class Bird {
public void fly() {
System.out.println("Flying");
}
}
class Ostrich extends Bird {
@Override
public void fly() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Ostriches can't fly");
}
}
class TestLSP {
public static void makeBirdFly(Bird bird) {
bird.fly();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Bird sparrow = new Bird();
Ostrich ostrich = new Ostrich();
makeBirdFly(sparrow);
makeBirdFly(ostrich); // throws exception
}
}
Liskov Substitution Principle - Good Example
abstract class BirdGood {
// Common bird functionality
}
interface FlyingBird {
void fly();
}
class Sparrow extends BirdGood implements FlyingBird {
public void fly() {
System.out.println("Flying");
}
}
class OstrichGood extends BirdGood {
// Doesn't implement fly()
}
public class TestLSPGood {
public static void makeBirdFly(FlyingBird bird) {
bird.fly();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sparrow sparrow = new Sparrow();
makeBirdFly(sparrow);
}
}
Interface Segregation Principle - Bad Example
interface Worker {
void work();
void eat();
}
class Robot implements Worker {
public void work() {
System.out.println("Robot working");
}
public void eat() {
// Robots don't eat
}
}
Interface Segregation Principle - Good Example
interface Workable {
void work();
}
interface Eatable {
void eat();
}
class Human implements Workable, Eatable {
public void work() {
System.out.println("Human working");
}
public void eat() {
System.out.println("Human eating");
}
}
class RobotGood implements Workable {
public void work() {
System.out.println("Robot working");
}
}
Dependency Inversion Principle - Bad Example
class MySQLDatabase {
public void connect() {
System.out.println("Connecting to MySQL");
}
}
class PasswordReminder {
private MySQLDatabase db;
public PasswordReminder() {
this.db = new MySQLDatabase();
}
public void remind() {
db.connect();
System.out.println("Reminding password");
}
}
Dependency Inversion Principle - Good Example
interface Database {
void connect();
}
class MySQLDatabaseGood implements Database {
public void connect() {
System.out.println("Connecting to MySQL");
}
}
class PasswordReminderGood {
private Database db;
public PasswordReminderGood(Database db) {
this.db = db;
}
public void remind() {
db.connect();
System.out.println("Reminding password");
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Database mysql = new MySQLDatabaseGood();
PasswordReminderGood reminder = new PasswordReminderGood(mysql);
reminder.remind();
}
}
