EXCEL FUNCTIONS AND FORMULAS (PART 1)
LESSON OBJECTIVES
• Excel Functions and Formulas
• Understanding excel functions
• Formula Bar
• Creating formulas
• Predefined built-in operations in Excel.
• Perform specific calculations or actions.
• Examples: SUM(), AVERAGE(), IF(), VLOOKUP(),
COUNT().
EXCEL • Example usage: =SUM(A1:A5) (adds values in cells
A1 to A5).
FUNCTIONS
EXCEL FORMULAS
• User-defined expressions used for calculations.
• They can be combined with functions
• Can include functions, operators (+, -, *, /), and references.
• Examples: =A1 + A2, =(B1*C1)/D1, =SUM(A1:A5) * 2.
• Example usage: =A1+B1 (adds values in A1 and B1).
UNDERSTANDING EXCEL FUNCTIONS
• Logical,
• Text,
• Date,
• Math,
• Statistical,
• Financial
LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
• These functions return TRUE or FALSE based on conditions. They are
mainly used for decision-making in formulas.
• IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) → Returns one value if the
condition is TRUE and another if FALSE.
• Example: =IF(A1>50, "Pass", "Fail")
TEXT FUNCTIONS
• These functions manipulate and format text values.
• Manupulate the left,right and Mid.
• LEFT(text, num_chars) → Extracts the leftmost characters.
• =LEFT("Excel",2) → Returns "Ex“
• TRIM(text) → Removes extra spaces from text
• CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...) → Joins multiple text values. (Replaced by
TEXTJOIN in newer Excel versions).
• Example: =CONCATENATE("Hello", " ", "World") → Returns "Hello World"
DATE FUNCTIONS
• These functions work with dates and times.
• TODAY() → Returns the current date.
• NOW() → Returns the current date and time.
• DATE(year, month, day) → Returns a date value.
• Example: =DATE(2025,3,17) → Returns March 17, 2025
• DATEDIF(start_date, end_date, unit) → Calculates the difference between dates in
years, months, or days.Example: =DATEDIF(A1, B1, "Y") → Returns age in years.
MATH & TRIGONOMETRY FUNCTIONS
•SUM(range) → Adds values in a range.
•Example: =SUM(A1:A5)
•AVERAGE(range) → Returns the average of values in a range.
•Example: =AVERAGE(A1:A5)
•ROUND(number, num_digits) → Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
•Example: =ROUND(123.456, 2) → Returns 123.46
•ABS(number) → Returns the absolute value.
•Example: =ABS(-50) → Returns 50
•MOD(number, divisor) → Returns the remainder of a division.
•Example: =MOD(10,3) → Returns 1
•SQRT(number) → Returns the square root.
•Example: =SQRT(25) → Returns 5
•POWER(base, exponent) → Raises a number to a power.
•Example: =POWER(2,3) → Returns 8
STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS
• These functions analyze numerical data.
• COUNT(range) → Counts numeric values.
• Example: =COUNT(A1:A10)
• COUNTA(range) → Counts non-empty cells.
• Example: =COUNTA(A1:A10)
• COUNTIF(range, criteria) → Counts values that meet a condition.
• Example: =COUNTIF(A1:A10, ">50")
• LARGE(range, k) → Returns the k-th largest value.
• Example: =LARGE(A1:A10, 2) → Returns the 2nd largest value.
• SMALL(range, k) → Returns the k-th smallest value.
• Example: =SMALL(A1:A10, 2) → Returns the 2nd smallest value.
• MEDIAN(range) → Returns the median value.Example: =MEDIAN(A1:A10)
FUNCTION LIBRARY
RELATIVE, MIXED AND ABSOLUTE REFERENCING
• Relative cell reference indicates that the reference will change if it is copied and
pasted elsewhere in the worksheet.
• Absolute cell reference means that the reference will not change if it is copied and
pasted somewhere else. Indicated by $
• Mixed cell reference occurs when we use both relative and absolute references to
refer to a cell
Source
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRu48zy-Djk&t=97s
