Java Programs - Algorithms in Pseudocode

Program 1: Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion

ALGORITHM DecimalToHexadecimal
BEGIN
INPUT decimal_number

IF decimal_number = 0 THEN
hex_string = "0"
ELSE
hex_string = ""
temp = decimal_number

WHILE temp > 0 DO

remainder = temp MOD 16

IF remainder < 10 THEN

hex_string = remainder + hex_string
ELSE
hex_char = ASCII_CHARACTER('A' + remainder - 10)
hex_string = hex_char + hex_string
END IF

temp = temp ÷ 16
END WHILE
END IF

OUTPUT "Hexadecimal equivalent: " + hex_string

END

Program 2: Magic Word Checker

 ALGORITHM MagicWordChecker
BEGIN
INPUT word
word = CONVERT_TO_UPPERCASE(word)

is_valid = TRUE
is_magic = TRUE

// Check if word contains only alphabetic characters

FOR i = 0 TO LENGTH(word) - 1 DO
char = word[i]
IF char < 'A' OR char > 'Z' THEN
is_valid = FALSE
BREAK
END IF
END FOR

// Check for repeated letters

IF is_valid THEN
FOR i = 0 TO LENGTH(word) - 1 DO
FOR j = i + 1 TO LENGTH(word) - 1 DO
IF word[i] = word[j] THEN
is_magic = FALSE
BREAK
END IF
END FOR
IF NOT is_magic THEN BREAK
END FOR
END IF

IF is_valid AND is_magic THEN

OUTPUT word + " is a Magic Word (no repeated letters)"
ELSE IF NOT is_valid THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid input! Word must contain only alphabetic characters"
ELSE
OUTPUT word + " is not a Magic Word (contains repeated letters)"
END IF
END

Program 3: Twin Prime Checker

 ALGORITHM TwinPrimeChecker
BEGIN
FUNCTION isPrime(n)
IF n ≤ 1 THEN RETURN FALSE
IF n = 2 THEN RETURN TRUE
IF n MOD 2 = 0 THEN RETURN FALSE

FOR i = 3 TO √n STEP 2 DO
IF n MOD i = 0 THEN RETURN FALSE
END FOR

RETURN TRUE
END FUNCTION

INPUT number

IF isPrime(number) AND (isPrime(number + 2) OR isPrime(number - 2)) THEN

OUTPUT number + " is a Twin Prime number"

IF isPrime(number + 2) THEN
OUTPUT "Twin pair: (" + number + ", " + (number + 2) + ")"
END IF

IF isPrime(number - 2) THEN
OUTPUT "Twin pair: (" + (number - 2) + ", " + number + ")"
END IF
ELSE
OUTPUT number + " is not a Twin Prime number"
END IF
END

Program 4: Matrix Operations (Mirror Image and Border Sum)

ALGORITHM MatrixOperations
BEGIN
INPUT rows (M), columns (N)

IF M ≤ 2 OR M ≥ 10 OR N ≤ 2 OR N ≥ 10 THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid input! M and N must be between 3 and 9."
RETURN
END IF

DECLARE matrix[M][N], mirror[M][N]

// Input matrix elements

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
INPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
END FOR

// Display original matrix

OUTPUT "Original Matrix:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END FOR

// Create mirror image

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
mirror[i][j] = matrix[i][N - 1 - j]
END FOR
END FOR

// Display mirror matrix

OUTPUT "Mirror Image Matrix:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT mirror[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END FOR

// Calculate border sum

border_sum = 0
 // Top and bottom rows
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
border_sum = border_sum + matrix[0][j]
IF M > 1 THEN
border_sum = border_sum + matrix[M-1][j]
END IF
END FOR

// Left and right columns (excluding corners)

FOR i = 1 TO M - 2 DO
border_sum = border_sum + matrix[i][0]
IF N > 1 THEN
border_sum = border_sum + matrix[i][N-1]
END IF
END FOR

OUTPUT "Sum of border elements: " + border_sum

END

Program 5: String Masking

ALGORITHM StringMasking
BEGIN
INPUT original_string, mask_string

result = ""

FOR i = 0 TO LENGTH(original_string) - 1 DO
char = original_string[i]
found = FALSE

FOR j = 0 TO LENGTH(mask_string) - 1 DO
IF char = mask_string[j] THEN
found = TRUE
BREAK
END IF
END FOR

IF NOT found THEN

result = result + char
END IF
END FOR

OUTPUT "Result: " + result

END
Program 6: Mix Array

ALGORITHM MixArray
BEGIN
INPUT size1, size2

IF size1 < 3 OR size2 < 3 THEN

OUTPUT "Array sizes must be >= 3"
RETURN
END IF

DECLARE array1[size1], array2[size2], result[6]

// Input first array

FOR i = 0 TO size1 - 1 DO
INPUT array1[i]
END FOR

// Input second array

FOR i = 0 TO size2 - 1 DO
INPUT array2[i]
END FOR

// Copy first 3 elements from both arrays

FOR i = 0 TO 2 DO
result[i] = array1[i]
result[i + 3] = array2[i]
END FOR

OUTPUT "Resultant Array:"

FOR i = 0 TO 5 DO
OUTPUT result[i]
END FOR
END

Program 7: Doubly Markov Matrix Checker

ALGORITHM DoublyMarkovMatrixChecker
BEGIN
INPUT matrix_order (N)

IF N < 3 OR N > 9 THEN

OUTPUT "Invalid input! N must be between 3 and 9."
RETURN
END IF

DECLARE matrix[N][N]

// Input matrix elements

FOR i = 0 TO N - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
INPUT matrix[i][j]
IF matrix[i][j] < 0 THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid input! All elements must be >= 0."
RETURN
END IF
END FOR
END FOR

is_doubly_markov = TRUE

// Check row sums

FOR i = 0 TO N - 1 DO
row_sum = 0
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
row_sum = row_sum + matrix[i][j]
END FOR
IF ABSOLUTE(row_sum - 1.0) > 0.001 THEN
is_doubly_markov = FALSE
BREAK
END IF
END FOR

// Check column sums

IF is_doubly_markov THEN
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
col_sum = 0
FOR i = 0 TO N - 1 DO
col_sum = col_sum + matrix[i][j]
END FOR
IF ABSOLUTE(col_sum - 1.0) > 0.001 THEN
is_doubly_markov = FALSE
BREAK
 END IF
END FOR
END IF

IF is_doubly_markov THEN
OUTPUT "The matrix is a Doubly Markov Matrix"
ELSE
OUTPUT "The matrix is not a Doubly Markov Matrix"
END IF
END

Program 8: Snowball String Checker

 ALGORITHM SnowballStringChecker
BEGIN
INPUT sentence

last_char = sentence[LENGTH(sentence) - 1]

IF last_char ≠ '.' AND last_char ≠ '?' THEN

OUTPUT "Error: Sentence must end with '.' or '?'"
RETURN
END IF

// Remove terminating character

sentence = SUBSTRING(sentence, 0, LENGTH(sentence) - 1)

// Split into words

words = SPLIT(sentence, " ")

is_snowball = TRUE

FOR i = 0 TO LENGTH(words) - 1 DO
IF LENGTH(words[i]) ≠ (i + 1) THEN
is_snowball = FALSE
BREAK
END IF
END FOR

IF is_snowball THEN
OUTPUT "The sentence is a Snowball String"
ELSE
OUTPUT "The sentence is not a Snowball String"
END IF

OUTPUT "Word lengths:"

FOR i = 0 TO LENGTH(words) - 1 DO
OUTPUT "'" + words[i] + "' = " + LENGTH(words[i])
END FOR
END

Program 9: Matrix Max/Min Sort (Descending)

ALGORITHM MatrixMaxMinSortDescending
BEGIN
FUNCTION bubbleSortDescending(arr)
n = LENGTH(arr)
FOR i = 0 TO n - 2 DO
FOR j = 0 TO n - i - 2 DO
IF arr[j] < arr[j + 1] THEN
SWAP arr[j] AND arr[j + 1]
END IF
END FOR
END FOR
END FUNCTION

INPUT rows (M), columns (N)

IF M ≤ 2 OR M ≥ 20 OR N ≤ 2 OR N ≥ 20 THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid input! M and N must be between 3 and 19."
RETURN
END IF

DECLARE matrix[M][N]

// Input matrix elements

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
INPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
END FOR

// Display original matrix

OUTPUT "Original Matrix:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END FOR

// Find max and min

max = matrix[0][0]
min = matrix[0][0]
max_row = 0, max_col = 0
min_row = 0, min_col = 0

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
 IF matrix[i][j] > max THEN
max = matrix[i][j]
max_row = i
max_col = j
END IF
IF matrix[i][j] < min THEN
min = matrix[i][j]
min_row = i
min_col = j
END IF
END FOR
END FOR

OUTPUT "Maximum value: " + max + " at position (" + max_row + ", " + max_col + ")"
OUTPUT "Minimum value: " + min + " at position (" + min_row + ", " + min_col + ")"

// Convert to 1D array
DECLARE arr[M * N]
k=0
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
arr[k] = matrix[i][j]
k=k+1
END FOR
END FOR

// Sort in descending order

CALL bubbleSortDescending(arr)

// Convert back to 2D array

k=0
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
matrix[i][j] = arr[k]
k=k+1
END FOR
END FOR

// Display sorted matrix

OUTPUT "Matrix after sorting in descending order:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
 END FOR
END

Program 10: Kaprekar Numbers

 ALGORITHM KaprekarNumbers
BEGIN
FUNCTION isKaprekar(n)
square = n * n
square_str = CONVERT_TO_STRING(square)
digits = LENGTH(CONVERT_TO_STRING(n))

IF LENGTH(square_str) < digits THEN

RETURN FALSE
END IF

right_part = SUBSTRING(square_str, LENGTH(square_str) - digits, digits)

left_part = SUBSTRING(square_str, 0, LENGTH(square_str) - digits)

IF left_part = "" THEN

left_part = "0"
END IF

right = CONVERT_TO_INTEGER(right_part)
left = CONVERT_TO_INTEGER(left_part)

RETURN (left + right = n)

END FUNCTION

INPUT lower_limit (p), upper_limit (q)

IF p ≥ q THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid range! p must be less than q."
RETURN
END IF

OUTPUT "Kaprekar numbers in range [" + p + ", " + q + "]:"

count = 0

FOR i = p TO q DO
IF isKaprekar(i) THEN
OUTPUT i
count = count + 1
END IF
END FOR

OUTPUT "Total Kaprekar numbers: " + count

END

Program 11: Sentence Processing (Alphabetical Sort)

 ALGORITHM SentenceProcessingAlphabetical
BEGIN
FUNCTION bubbleSortAlphabetical(arr)
n = LENGTH(arr)
FOR i = 0 TO n - 2 DO
FOR j = 0 TO n - i - 2 DO
IF arr[j] > arr[j + 1] THEN
SWAP arr[j] AND arr[j + 1]
END IF
END FOR
END FOR
END FUNCTION

INPUT sentence

last_char = sentence[LENGTH(sentence) - 1]

IF last_char ≠ '.' AND last_char ≠ '?' AND last_char ≠ '!' THEN

OUTPUT "Error: Sentence must end with '.', '?', or '!'"
RETURN
END IF

// Remove terminating character

sentence = SUBSTRING(sentence, 0, LENGTH(sentence) - 1)

// Split into words

words = SPLIT(sentence, " ")

OUTPUT "Length of sentence (in words): " + LENGTH(words)

// Sort alphabetically
CALL bubbleSortAlphabetical(words)

OUTPUT "Sentence in alphabetical order:"

FOR each word in words DO
OUTPUT word + " "
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END

Program 12: Matrix Ascending Sort

ALGORITHM MatrixAscendingSort
BEGIN
FUNCTION bubbleSortAscending(arr)
n = LENGTH(arr)
FOR i = 0 TO n - 2 DO
FOR j = 0 TO n - i - 2 DO
IF arr[j] > arr[j + 1] THEN
SWAP arr[j] AND arr[j + 1]
END IF
END FOR
END FOR
END FUNCTION

INPUT rows (M), columns (N)

IF M ≤ 2 OR M ≥ 20 OR N ≤ 2 OR N ≥ 20 THEN
OUTPUT "Invalid input! M and N must be between 3 and 19."
RETURN
END IF

DECLARE matrix[M][N]

// Input matrix elements

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
INPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
END FOR

// Display original matrix

OUTPUT "Original Matrix:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END FOR

// Find max and min

max = matrix[0][0]
min = matrix[0][0]
max_row = 0, max_col = 0
min_row = 0, min_col = 0

FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
 IF matrix[i][j] > max THEN
max = matrix[i][j]
max_row = i
max_col = j
END IF
IF matrix[i][j] < min THEN
min = matrix[i][j]
min_row = i
min_col = j
END IF
END FOR
END FOR

OUTPUT "Maximum value: " + max + " at position (" + max_row + ", " + max_col + ")"
OUTPUT "Minimum value: " + min + " at position (" + min_row + ", " + min_col + ")"

// Convert to 1D array
DECLARE arr[M * N]
k=0
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
arr[k] = matrix[i][j]
k=k+1
END FOR
END FOR

// Sort in ascending order

CALL bubbleSortAscending(arr)

// Convert back to 2D array

k=0
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
matrix[i][j] = arr[k]
k=k+1
END FOR
END FOR

// Display sorted matrix

OUTPUT "Matrix after sorting in ascending order:"
FOR i = 0 TO M - 1 DO
FOR j = 0 TO N - 1 DO
OUTPUT matrix[i][j]
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
 END FOR
END

Program 13: Vowel Words Processing

ALGORITHM VowelWordsProcessing
BEGIN
FUNCTION isVowel(ch)
RETURN ch = 'A' OR ch = 'E' OR ch = 'I' OR ch = 'O' OR ch = 'U'
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION beginsAndEndsWithVowel(word)
RETURN isVowel(word[0]) AND isVowel(word[LENGTH(word) - 1])
END FUNCTION

INPUT sentence

last_char = sentence[LENGTH(sentence) - 1]

IF last_char ≠ '.' AND last_char ≠ '?' AND last_char ≠ '!' THEN

OUTPUT "Error: Sentence must end with '.', '?', or '!'"
RETURN
END IF

// Remove terminating character

sentence = SUBSTRING(sentence, 0, LENGTH(sentence) - 1)

// Split into words

words = SPLIT(sentence, " ")

// Count vowel words

vowel_word_count = 0
FOR each word in words DO
IF beginsAndEndsWithVowel(word) THEN
vowel_word_count = vowel_word_count + 1
END IF
END FOR

OUTPUT "Number of words beginning and ending with vowel: " + vowel_word_count

// Separate vowel words and other words

DECLARE vowel_words[vowel_word_count]
DECLARE other_words[LENGTH(words) - vowel_word_count]

vowel_index = 0
other_index = 0

FOR each word in words DO

IF beginsAndEndsWithVowel(word) THEN
vowel_words[vowel_index] = word
vowel_index = vowel_index + 1
 ELSE
other_words[other_index] = word
other_index = other_index + 1
END IF
END FOR

OUTPUT "Rearranged sentence:"

FOR each word in vowel_words DO
OUTPUT word + " "
END FOR
FOR each word in other_words DO
OUTPUT word + " "
END FOR
OUTPUT newline
END